说明：  电烤箱作为一种重要的生产工具广泛的应用于工业生产和食品加工等领域。电烤箱的温度是生产工艺的一项重要指标，对温度的控制性能在很大程度上决定了产品的质量和生产效率。 系统以P89V51RD2单片机为核心，实现了温度采集、PID控制、人机对话以及定时等功能。由于干扰和实际噪声的存在，在采样过程当中会出现采样信号与实际信号存在偏差的现象，为了减小这方面原因造成的测量误差，系统采用了16次采样取平均值的方式对采样值进行平滑滤波，再对滤波值查表就得到了实际的温度值。在控制方面采用PID控制，温度控制具有滞后性、惯性等特点，PID运算中的积分项可以消除稳态误差，而微分项有很强的预见性，能够加快反应速度，减小超调量，使系统稳定性提高。系统通过将设定温度、当前温度、历史偏差进行PID运算产生fout输出参数，通过该参数控制加热时间，从而调节加热器的平均功率。人机对话方面，为了减少资源占用，系统的每个键都具有第二功能，通过数码管可以显示定时时间以及实时的温度值，定时时间到蜂鸣器蜂鸣提示。
(Oven as an important production tool widely used in industrial production and food processing and other fields. Oven temperature is an important indicator of the production process, for the temperature control performance to a large extent determine the product quality and production efficiency. System P89V51RD2 microcontroller as its core achieved a temperature acquisition, PID control, human-machine dialogue, and timing functions. Due to noise interference and the actual existence of which occur in the sampling process sampling signal and the actual signal biased phenomenon, caused in this regard in order to reduce measurement error, the system uses 16 sub-samples averaging method of sampling values smoothing filter, then the value of the filter look-up table to get the actual temperature. In the control using PID control, temperature control with a lag, inertia and other characteristics, PID operation in the integral term steady-state error can be eliminated, while the differentia)