说明：  LVQ(学习矢量量化)算法：它是Kohonen的有监督学习的扩展形式。融合了自组织和有导师监督的技术，学习方法是竞争的，但产生方式是有教师监督的，也就是说，竞争学习是在由训练输入指定的各类中局部进行。
(LVQ (LVQ) algorithm : it is Kohonen of supervised learning the expansion of the form. The convergence of self-organization and supervision of the instructors, learning methods of competition, but there are ways teachers to supervise, meaning that the competitive learning is the training input from the designated categories of partial.)