说明：  法国数学家梅齐亚克在他著名的《数字组合游戏》(1962)中 提出了一个问题：一位商人有一个重40磅的砝码，一天不小心将 砝码摔成了四块。后来商人称得每块的重量都是整磅数，而且发 现这四块碎片可以在天平上称1至40磅之间的任意重量。请问这 四块碎片各重多少？
(Meijieke French mathematician in the famous "number combinations Game" (1962), presented a problem : a businessman with a 40-pound weight, day care and weight of the four guests. Traders said later in the weight of each block is the whole poundage, but found that four in the debris, said scales from 1 to 40 pounds between the arbitrary weight. Is that the four heavy debris?)