说明：  内存管理是C++最令人切齿痛恨的问题，也是C++最有争议的问题，C++高手从中获得了更好的性能，更大的自由，C++菜鸟的收获则是一遍一遍的检查代码和对C++的痛恨，但内存管理在C++中无处不在，内存泄漏几乎在每个C++程序中都会发生，因此要想成为C++高手，内存管理一关是必须要过的
(Memory management is C++ is the most bitter hatred for the problem, is the C++ is one of the most controversial issues, C++ expert won the better performance, greater freedom and C++ rookie of the harvest is over and over again check the code and C++ hate, but memory management is ubiquitous in C++, memory leaks can occur in almost every C++ program. Therefore, in order to want to become a master of the C++, memory management off is must)