说明：  喷泉码是20世纪初提出的一种编码概念。相较于传统的编码技术，它有着反馈少，效率高，网络环境适应性强等特点。
(Fountain code is a coding concept put forward in the early 20th century. Compared with the traditional coding technology, it has the characteristics of less feedback, high efficiency and strong adaptability to the network environment.)