说明：  数据库设计是指对于一个给定的应用环境，设计优化的数据库逻辑模式和物理结构，并据此建立数据库及其应用系统，使之能够有效地存储和管理数据，满足各种用户的应用需求，包括信息管理要求和数据操作要求。
(Database design refers to the design of optimized database logical mode and physical structure for a given application environment, and the establishment of database and its application system based on it, so that it can effectively store and manage data to meet the application requirements of various users, including information management requirements and data operation requirements.)