文件列表:

LICENCE (1064, 2023-08-30)
Makefile (131, 2023-08-30)
benchmark (0, 2023-08-30)
benchmark\bench_test.go (1880, 2023-08-30)
benchmark\go.mod (1093, 2023-08-30)
benchmark\go.sum (8465, 2023-08-30)
binder.go (4084, 2023-08-30)
binder_test.go (2079, 2023-08-30)
configurators.go (4790, 2023-08-30)
connection.go (4354, 2023-08-30)
dialect.go (2606, 2023-08-30)
field.go (1603, 2023-08-30)
go.mod (1035, 2023-08-30)
go.sum (8056, 2023-08-30)
orm.go (19112, 2023-08-30)
orm_test.go (15167, 2023-08-30)
query.go (19532, 2023-08-30)
query_test.go (8309, 2023-08-30)
schema.go (6502, 2023-08-30)
schema_test.go (2205, 2023-08-30)
timestamps.go (140, 2023-08-30)

[](https://godoc.org/github.com/golobby/orm) [](https://github.com/golobby/orm/actions/workflows/ci.yml) [](https://github.com/golobby/orm/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/golobby/orm) [](https://coveralls.io/github/golobby/orm?branch=master) # Golobby ORM GoLobby ORM is a lightweight yet powerful, fast, customizable, type-safe object-relational mapper for the Go programming language. ## Table Of Contents * [Features](#features) + [Introduction](#introduction) + [Creating a new Entity](#creating-a-new-entity) - [Conventions](#conventions) * [Timestamps](#timestamps) * [Column names](#column-names) * [Primary Key](#primary-key) + [Initializing ORM](#initializing-orm) + [Fetching an entity from a database](#fetching-an-entity-from-a-database) + [Saving entities or Insert/Update](#saving-entities-or-insert-update) + [Using raw SQL](#using-raw-sql) + [Deleting entities](#deleting-entities) + [Relationships](#relationships) - [HasMany](#hasmany) - [HasOne](#hasone) - [BelongsTo](#belongsto) - [BelongsToMany](#belongstomany) - [Saving with relation](#saving-with-relation) + [Query Builder](#query-builder) - [Finishers](#finishers) * [All](#all) * [Get](#get) * [Update](#update) * [Delete](#delete) - [Select](#select) * [Column names](#column-names-1) * [Table](#table) * [Where](#where) * [Order By](#order-by) * [Limit](#limit) * [Offset](#offset) * [First, Latest](#first-latest) - [Update](#update) * [Where](#where-1) * [Table](#table-1) * [Set](#set) - [Delete](#delete) * [Table](#table-2) * [Where](#where-2) + [Database Validations](#database-validations) * [License](#license) ## Introduction GoLobby ORM is an object-relational mapper (ORM) that makes it enjoyable to interact with your database. When using Golobby ORM, each database table has a corresponding "Entity" to interact with that table using elegant APIs. ## Features - Elegant and easy-to-use APIs with the help of Generics. - Type-safety. - Using reflection at startup to be fast during runtime. - No code generation! - Query builder for various query types. - Binding query results to entities. - Supports different kinds of relationship/Association types: - One to one - One to Many - Many to Many ## Performance You can run performance benchmark against `GORM` using ```bash make bench ``` here are results from my laptop ``` goos: darwin goarch: arm*** pkg: github.com/golobby/orm/benchmark BenchmarkGolobby BenchmarkGolobby-8 235956 4992 ns/op 2192 B/op 66 allocs/op BenchmarkGorm BenchmarkGorm-8 544*** 21308 ns/op 7208 B/op 147 allocs/op PASS ok github.com/golobby/orm/benchmark 3.118s ``` ## Quick Start The following example demonstrates how to use the GoLobby ORM. ```go package main import "github.com/golobby/orm" // User entity type User struct { ID int*** FirstName string LastName string Email string orm.Timestamps } // It will be called by ORM to setup entity. func (u User) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { // Specify related database table for the entity. e.Table("users") } func main() { // Setup ORM err := orm.Initialize(orm.ConnectionConfig{ // Name: "default", // Optional. Specify connection names if you have more than on database. Driver: "sqlite3", // Database type. Currently supported sqlite3, mysql, mariadb, postgresql. ConnectionString: ":memory:", // Database DSN. DatabaseValidations: true, // Validates your database tables and each table schema }) if err != nil { panic(err) } // Find user by primary key (ID) user, err := orm.Find[User](1) // Update entity user.Email = "jack@mail.com" // Save entity orm.Save(&user) } ``` ### Creating a new Entity Let's create a new `Entity` to represent `User` in our application. ```go package main import "github.com/golobby/orm" type User struct { ID int*** Name string LastName string Email string orm.Timestamps } func (u User) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("users"). Connection("default") // You can omit connection name if you only have one. } ``` As you see, our user entity is nothing else than a simple struct and two methods. Entities in GoLobby ORM are implementations of `Entity` interface, which defines two methods: - ConfigureEntity: configures table, fields, and also relations to other entities. #### Conventions We have standard conventions and we encourage you to follow, but if you want to change them for any reason you can use `Field` method to customize how ORM inferres meta data from your `Entity`. ##### Column names GoLobby ORM for each struct field(except slice, arrays, maps, and other nested structs) assumes a respective column named using snake case syntax. If you want a custom column name, you should specify it in `ConfigureEntity` method using `Field()` method. ```go package main type User struct { Name string } func (u User) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Field("Name").ColumnName("custom_name_for_column") e.Table("users") } ``` ##### Timestamps for having `created_at`, `updated_at`, `deleted_at` timestamps in your entities you can embed `orm.Timestamps` struct in your entity, ```go type User struct { ID int*** Name string LastName string Email string orm.Timestamps } ``` Also, if you want custom names for them, you can do it like this. ```go type User struct { ID int*** Name string LastName string Email string MyCreatedAt sql.NullTime MyUpdatedAt sql.NullTime MyDeletedAt sql.NullTime } func (u User) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Field("MyCreatedAt").IsCreatedAt() // this will make ORM to use MyCreatedAt as created_at column e.Field("MyUpdatedAt").IsUpdatedAt() // this will make ORM to use MyUpdatedAt as created_at column e.Field("MyDeletedAt").IsDeletedAt() // this will make ORM to use MyDeletedAt as created_at column e.Table("users") } ``` As always you use `Field` method for configuring how ORM behaves to your struct field. ##### Primary Key GoLobby ORM assumes that each entity has a primary key named `id`; if you want a custom primary key called, you need to specify it in entity struct. ```go package main type User struct { PK int*** } func (u User) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Field("PK").IsPrimaryKey() // this will make ORM use PK field as primary key. e.Table("users") } ``` ### Initializing ORM After creating our entities, we need to initialize GoLobby ORM. ```go package main import "github.com/golobby/orm" func main() { orm.Initialize(orm.ConnectionConfig{ // Name: "default", You should specify connection name if you have multiple connections Driver: "sqlite3", ConnectionString: ":memory:", }) } ``` After this step, we can start using ORM. ### Fetching an entity from a database GoLobby ORM makes it trivial to fetch entities from a database using its primary key. ```go user, err := orm.Find[User](1) ``` `orm.Find` is a generic function that takes a generic parameter that specifies the type of `Entity` we want to query and its primary key value. You can also use custom queries to get entities from the database. ```go user, err := orm.Query[User]().Where("id", 1).First() user, err := orm.Query[User]().WherePK(1).First() ``` GoLobby ORM contains a powerful query builder, which you can use to build `Select`, `Update`, and `Delete` queries, but if you want to write a raw SQL query, you can. ```go users, err := orm.QueryRaw[User](`SELECT * FROM users`) ``` ### Saving entities or Insert/Update GoLobby ORM makes it easy to persist an `Entity` to the database using `Save` method, it's an UPSERT method, if the primary key field is not zero inside the entity it will go for an update query; otherwise, it goes for the insert. ```go // this will insert entity into the table err := orm.Save(&User{Name: "Amirreza"}) // INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES (?) , "Amirreza" ``` ```go // this will update entity with id = 1 orm.Save(&User{ID: 1, Name: "Amirreza2"}) // UPDATE users SET name=? WHERE id=?, "Amirreza2", 1 ``` Also, you can do custom update queries using query builder or raw SQL again as well. ```go res, err := orm.Query[User]().Where("id", 1).Update(orm.KV{"name": "amirreza2"}) ``` ### Using raw SQL ```go _, affected, err := orm.ExecRaw[User](`UPDATE users SET name=? WHERE id=?`, "amirreza", 1) ``` ### Deleting entities It is also easy to delete entities from a database. ```go err := orm.Delete(user) ``` You can also use query builder or raw SQL. ```go _, affected, err := orm.Query[Post]().WherePK(1).Delete() _, affected, err := orm.Query[Post]().Where("id", 1).Delete() ``` ```go _, affected, err := orm.ExecRaw[Post](`DELETE FROM posts WHERE id=?`, 1) ``` ### Relationships GoLobby ORM makes it easy to have entities that have relationships with each other. Configuring relations is using `ConfigureEntity` method, as you will see. #### HasMany ```go type Post struct {} func (p Post) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("posts").HasMany(&Comment{}, orm.HasManyConfig{}) } ``` As you can see, we are defining a `Post` entity that has a `HasMany` relation with `Comment`. You can configure how GoLobby ORM queries `HasMany` relation with `orm.HasManyConfig` object; by default, it will infer all fields for you. Now you can use this relationship anywhere in your code. ```go comments, err := orm.HasMany[Comment](post).All() ``` `HasMany` and other related functions in GoLobby ORM return `QueryBuilder`, and you can use them like other query builders and create even more complex queries for relationships. for example, you can start a query to get all comments of a post made today. ```go todayComments, err := orm.HasMany[Comment](post).Where("created_at", "CURDATE()").All() ``` #### HasOne Configuring a `HasOne` relation is like `HasMany`. ```go type Post struct {} func (p Post) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("posts").HasOne(&HeaderPicture{}, orm.HasOneConfig{}) } ``` As you can see, we are defining a `Post` entity that has a `HasOne` relation with `HeaderPicture`. You can configure how GoLobby ORM queries `HasOne` relation with `orm.HasOneConfig` object; by default, it will infer all fields for you. Now you can use this relationship anywhere in your code. ```go picture, err := orm.HasOne[HeaderPicture](post) ``` `HasOne` also returns a query builder, and you can create more complex queries for relations. #### BelongsTo ```go type Comment struct {} func (c Comment) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("comments").BelongsTo(&Post{}, orm.BelongsToConfig{}) } ``` As you can see, we are defining a `Comment` entity that has a `BelongsTo` relation with `Post` that we saw earlier. You can configure how GoLobby ORM queries `BelongsTo` relation with `orm.BelongsToConfig` object; by default, it will infer all fields for you. Now you can use this relationship anywhere in your code. ```go post, err := orm.BelongsTo[Post](comment).First() ``` #### BelongsToMany ```go type Post struct {} func (p Post) ConfigureEntity(e *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("posts").BelongsToMany(&Category{}, orm.BelongsToManyConfig{IntermediateTable: "post_categories"}) } type Category struct{} func(c Category) ConfigureEntity(r *orm.EntityConfigurator) { e.Table("categories").BelongsToMany(&Post{}, orm.BelongsToManyConfig{IntermediateTable: "post_categories"}) } ``` We are defining a `Post` entity and a `Category` entity with a `many2many` relationship; as you can see, we must configure the IntermediateTable name, which GoLobby ORM cannot infer. Now you can use this relationship anywhere in your code. ```go categories, err := orm.BelongsToMany[Category](post).All() ``` #### Saving with relation You may need to save an entity that has some kind of relationship with another entity; in that case, you can use `Add` method. ```go orm.Add(post, comments...) // inserts all comments passed in and also sets all post_id to the primary key of the given post. orm.Add(post, categories...) // inserts all categories and also insert intermediate post_categories records. ``` ### Query Builder GoLobby ORM contains a powerful query builder to help you build complex queries with ease. QueryBuilder is accessible from `orm.Query[Entity]` method which will create a new query builder for you with given type parameter. Query builder can build `SELECT`,`UPDATE`,`DELETE` queries for you. #### Finishers Finishers are methods on QueryBuilder that will some how touch database, so use them with caution. ##### All All will generate a `SELECT` query from QueryBuilder, execute it on database and return results in a slice of OUTPUT. It's useful for queries that have multiple results. ```go posts, err := orm.Query[Post]().All() ``` ##### Get Get will generate a `SELECT` query from QueryBuilder, execute it on database and return results in an instance of type parameter `OUTPUT`. It's useful for when you know your query has single result. ```go post, err := orm.Query[Post]().First().Get() ``` ##### Update Update will generate an `UPDATE` query from QueryBuilder and executes it, returns rows affected by query and any possible error. ```go rowsAffected, err := orm.Query[Post]().WherePK(1).Set("body", "body jadid").Update() ``` ##### Delete Delete will generate a `DELETE` query from QueryBuilder and executes it, returns rows affected by query and any possible error. ```go rowsAffected, err := orm.Query[Post]().WherePK(1).Delete() ``` #### Select Let's start with `Select` queries. Each `Select` query consists of following: ```sql SELECT [column names] FROM [table name] WHERE [cond1 AND/OR cond2 AND/OR ...] ORDER BY [column] [ASC/DESC] LIMIT [N] OFFSET [N] GROUP BY [col] ``` Query builder has methods for constructing each part, of course not all of these parts are necessary. ##### Column names for setting column names to select use `Select` method as following: ```go orm.Query[Post]().Select("id", "title") ``` ##### Table for setting table name for select use `Table` method as following: ```go orm.Query[Post]().Table("users") ``` ##### Where for adding where conditions based on what kind of where you want you can use any of following: ```go orm.Query[Post]().Where("name", "amirreza") // Equal mode: WHERE name = ?, ["amirreza"] orm.Query[Post]().Where("age", "<", 19) // Operator mode: WHERE age < ?, [19] orm.Query[Post]().WhereIn("id", 1,2,3,4,5) // WhereIn: WHERE id IN (?,?,?,?,?), [1,2,3,4,5] ``` You can also chain these together. ```go orm.Query[Post](). Where("name", "amirreza"). AndWhere("age", "<", 10). OrWhere("id", "!=", 1) // WHERE name = ? AND age < ? OR id != ?, ["amirreza", 10, 1] ``` ##### Order By You can set order by of query using `OrderBy` as following. ```go orm.Query[Post]().OrderBy("id", orm.ASC) // ORDER BY id ASC orm.Query[Post]().OrderBy("id", orm.DESC) // ORDER BY id DESC ``` ##### Limit You can set limit setting of query using `Limit` as following ```go orm.Query[Post]().Limit1(1) // LIMIT 1 ``` ##### Offset You can set limit setting of query using `Offset` as following ```go orm.Query[Post]().Offset(1) // OFFSET 1 ``` ##### First, Latest You can use `First`, `Latest` method which are also executers of query as you already seen to get first or latest record. ```go orm.Query[Post]().First() // SELECT * FROM posts ORDER BY id ASC LIMIT 1 orm.Query[Post]().Latest() // SELECT * FROM posts ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1 ``` #### Update Each `Update` query consists of following: ```sql UPDATE [table name] SET [col=val] WHERE [cond1 AND/OR cond2 AND/OR ...] ``` ##### Where Just like select where stuff, same code. ##### Table Same as select. ##### Set You can use `Set` method to set value. ```go orm.Query[Message](). Where("id", 1). Set("read", true, "seen", true). Update() // UPDATE posts SET read=?, seen=? WHERE id = ?, [true, true, 1] ``` #### Delete Each `Delete` query consists of following: ```sql DELETE FROM [table name] WHERE [cond1 AND/OR cond2 AND/OR ...] ``` ##### Table Same as Select and Update. ##### Where Same as Select and Update. ### Database Validations Golobby ORM can validate your database state and compare it to your entities and if your database and code are not in sync give you error. Currently there are two database validations possible: 1. Validate all necessary tables exists. 2. Validate all tables contain necessary columns. You can enable database validations feature by enabling `DatabaseValidations` flag in your ConnectionConfig. ```go return orm.SetupConnections(orm.ConnectionConfig{ Name: "default", DB: db, Dialect: orm.Dialects.SQLite3, Entities: []orm.Entity{&Post{}, &Comment{}, &Category{}, &HeaderPicture{}}, DatabaseValidations: true, }) ``` ## License GoLobby ORM is released under the [MIT License](http://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php).

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