说明：  文章针对低信噪比下的水下目标定位问题，建立了水下无线传感器阵列网络，该结构包括多个分布式声传感器阵列，它适应于多模态信号处理，既可以利用目标的方位信息，又可以用能量信息。文中提出了用每个阵列接收到的信号能量作为参量完成目标定位并推导了基于能量的最大似然比目标定位方法。数值仿真表明：基于该结构的能量似然函数定位方法，可以有效估计目标的位置。并且比单阵元网络的定位性能和信息传输率上有了较大的提高， 尤其是在低信噪比下情况下，可以大大减小估计的方差。
(With novel underwater wireless sensor array network (UWSAN) architecture that consists of multiple distributed arrays of acoustic sensors, maximum likelihood localization based on acoustic energy is proposed for solving the source localization in underwater and low signal to noise ratio. The exactly maximum likelihood (ML) target location estimator is derived. Very impressive simulation results demonstrated the feasibility of such a new approach for underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN). And comparison with the single sensor UWSN, the performance of localization is improved, especially in low SNR.)