说明：  This text provides an introduction to the numerical methods that are typically encountered (and used) in science and engineering undergraduate courses. The material is developed in tandem with MATLAB which allows rapid prototyping and testing of the methods. The package MATLAB (matrix laboratory) pro- vides an environment in which students can learn to programme and explore the structure of the numerical methods. The methods included here are of a basic nature and only rely on material which should have been explored prior to the fi rst year undergraduate stage.