说明：  内存管理是C++最令人切齿痛恨的问题，也是C++最有争议的问题，C++高手从中获得了更好的性能，更大的自由，C++菜鸟的收获则是一遍一遍的检查代码和对C++的痛恨，但内存管理在C++中无处不在，内存泄漏几乎在每个C++程序中都会发生，因此要想成为C++高手，内存管理一关是必须要过的
(Memory management is C++ most hated teeth problems, but also C++ the most contentious issues, C++ master derive better performance, greater freedom, C++ rookie of the harvest is over and over again to check the code and C++ hate, but the memory management C++ everywhere, a memory leak occurs in almost every C++ program, so in order to become a master C++, memory management is a must shut off)