说明：  想做一个电动小车会自动避障，但第一次做，没什么头绪，哪位大侠能给我讲一下大致的思路吗？还有大致要用到哪些原件，需要哪些知识？
(Tried to be an electric car will automatically obstacle avoidance, but the first time to do, no clue, heroes who can give me a rough idea to talk about it? There are generally use to which the original, what knowledge?)