说明：  蔡吴失效准则由S.S. Tsai和F.C. Wu于1968年提出，它的基本思想是将材料的应力状态映射到一个失效判别空间，通过计算失效函数来判断材料是否达到破坏状态。失效函数通常表示为： ? \[ F = \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left(\frac{\sigma_i}{f_i}\right)^2 - 1 \]
(The failure criterion of Cai Wu is determined by S S. Tsai and F C. Wu proposed in 1968 that its basic idea is to map the stress state of materials to a failure discrimination space and determine whether the material has reached a failure state by calculating the failure function.)