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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b65f915da9b288b690bdd/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">该文档版权归上海微视泰科工作室所有，转载请注明出处<span class="ff3">!</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">网址：</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y4 ff4 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0">http://<span class="fs0 ls2">www<span class="_ _0"></span>.microvt.com</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">Email:<span class="ff4 ls0"> <span class="fc1 ls4">hightechyoung@yahoo.c<span class="_ _0"></span>om</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作者：<span class="ff3 ls5 ws1">HighT<span class="_ _1"></span>ech Y<span class="_ _1"></span>oung</span></div><div class="c x7 y7 w2 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x9 h2 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xa h2 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws0">11</div><div class="c xb yc w3 h8"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="t m0 x9 h9 yd ff4 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls7 ws0">6.3. <span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff5 sc1 ls8">调用动态链接库</span><span class="ls9">(DLL) </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">相对于<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsa">CIN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>来讲，<span class="ff1 lsa">NI<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>更推荐用户使用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>来共享基于文本编程语言开发的代码。除了共享或重复利用</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha yf ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">代码，<span class="_ _1"></span>开发人员还能利用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>封装软件的功能模块，<span class="_ _1"></span>以便这些模块能被不同开发工具利用。<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsc">LabVIEW<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>中</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y10 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">使用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>一般有以下几种途径：<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y11 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsd ws0">1.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2">使用自己开发<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">中的函数。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y12 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsd ws0">2.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2">调用操作系统或硬件驱动供应商提供的<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span><span class="lse">API<span class="ff2 ls0">。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y13 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对于前一种方法来说，又可以通过以下几步来实现：<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y14 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsf ws0">a)<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">在<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span><span class="lsc">LabVIEW<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">中定义<span class="_ _3"> </span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">原型；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y15 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws0">b)<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">生成</span></span><span class="ls11">.C<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">或</span><span class="ls12">.C++<span class="ff2 ls0">文件，完成实现函数功能的代码并为函数添加<span class="_ _6"> </span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">导出声明；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y16 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls13 ws0">c)<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff2">通过外部<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span><span class="ls14">IDE<span class="ff2 ls0">（如<span class="_ _6"> </span></span><span class="lsa">VC++<span class="ff2 ls0">）创建<span class="_ _3"> </span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">项目并编译生成</span><span class="ls12">.dll<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">文件。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y17 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws0">d)<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">在<span class="_ _6"> </span></span></span><span class="lsc">LabVIEW<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">项目中使用<span class="_ _3"> </span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">中的函数。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y18 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以下章节将通过实例对这两种情况详细进行叙述。<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hb y19 ff6 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls15 ws0">6.3.1.<span class="ff4 ls0"> <span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2 sc1 ls16">配置<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff6 sc0 ls17 ws2">Call Library Function Node(CFN) </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y1a ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">无论在<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">LabVIEW<span class="_ _8"> </span></span>中使用自己开发的<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL</span>，硬件驱动供应商或者操作系统提供的<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff1 ls19">API</span>，都可以通过</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y1b ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">配置<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ws3">Call Library Function Node (CFN<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2 ws0">，图<span class="ff1 ls1a ws4"> 6-12)</span>来完成。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y1c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xe h2 y1d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图 6-12 <span class="ff1 ls3">LabVIEW<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>的<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff1 ls1b ws5">Call Library Function Node</span> </div><div class="t m0 xc ha y1e ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>图标的右键菜单上选择<span class="_ _9"></span>“<span class="ff6 fs0 ls1c">Configure…</span>”<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ls1d">打开<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls17 ws6">Call Library Function<span class="_"> </span></span><span class="ls0">配置对话框<span class="ff1">(</span>图<span class="ff1 ls1a ws4"> 6-13)</span>。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y1f ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls16 ws0">通过该对话框，可以指定动态库<span class="_ _0"></span>存放路径、调用的函数名以及传递<span class="_ _0"></span>给函数的参数类型和函数<span class="_ _0"></span>返回值的类</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y20 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">型。在配置完后，<span class="ff1 ls1e">CLF<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>节点会根据用户的配置自动更新其显示。<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc hc y21 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过</div><div class="t m0 xf ha y22 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1f ws0">Browse<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">按钮或者直接在“</span><span class="ls2 ws7">Library Name or Path</span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">”输入框中指定调用函数多在<span class="ff1 ls12">.dll<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>文件的路</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y23 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">径。<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc hc y24 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过</div><div class="t m0 xf ha y25 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1f ws0">Browse<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">按钮下的控件用户可以指定多个线程同时调用<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL</span>。<span class="_ _a"></span>默认情况下，<span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff1 ls18">LabVIEW<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 ls20">以“<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff6 fs0 ls21">Run </span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b65f915da9b288b690bdd/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">该文档版权归上海微视泰科工作室所有，转载请注明出处<span class="ff3">!</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">网址：</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y4 ff4 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0">http://<span class="fs0 ls2">www<span class="_ _0"></span>.microvt.com</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">Email:<span class="ff4 ls0"> <span class="fc1 ls4">hightechyoung@yahoo.c<span class="_ _0"></span>om</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作者：<span class="ff3 ls5 ws1">HighT<span class="_ _1"></span>ech Y<span class="_ _1"></span>oung</span></div><div class="c x7 y7 w2 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x9 h2 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xa h2 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws0">12</div><div class="c xb yc w3 h8"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y26 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls22 ws8">in UI Thread<span class="_ _b"></span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls23 ws0">”方式调用<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _b"></span></span>，调用的函数将直接在用户线程中运行。另外一种方式为递归方式</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y27 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">“</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y28 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls24 ws0">Reentrant<span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">”<span class="_ _c"></span>，在这种情况下可以允许多个线程同时调用<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>中的函数。但要确保正常调用，必须使</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y29 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsb ws0">DLL<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">中的代码线程安全。以下是一些最基本的线程安全特性：<span class="ff1"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y2a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsf ws0">a.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">代码不含有未受保护的全局数据（如全局变量，文件）<span class="_ _c"></span>；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y2b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws0">b.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span><span class="ff2">代码不访问硬件（即不含有寄存器一级的代码）<span class="_ _c"></span>；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y2c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls13 ws0">c.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff2">代码不调用非线程安全的函数、</span></span><span class="lsb">DLL<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">或者驱动；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y2d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws0">d.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span><span class="ff2">代码使用信号量或者互斥量来保护全局量；<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y2e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls25 ws0">e.<span class="ff3 ls0"> <span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">代码被一个非递归的<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span><span class="ls19">VI<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">调用时为线程安全。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 ha y2f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x13 h4 y30 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图 6-13 CLF<span class="_ _6"> </span>配置对话框 </div><div class="t m0 xc ha y31 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在“<span class="ff6 fs0 ls21 ws9">Function Name</span>”输入框中指定要调用函数的函数名。<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc hc y32 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过<span class="_ _1"></span>“</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y33 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls26 wsa">Call Conventions<span class="ff2 fs3 ls0 ws0">”<span class="_ _1"></span>下拉列表框指定调用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>中函数的方式。<span class="_ _1"></span>可以指定调用方式为<span class="_ _0"></span>“<span class="ff1">C</span>”<span class="_ _f"></span>（默认方</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y34 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">式）<span class="_ _c"></span>或<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff1 ls27">Windows<span class="_ _6"></span></span>标准调用方式<span class="_ _c"></span>“</div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y35 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">stdcall<span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">”<span class="_ _c"></span>。<span class="_ _c"></span>一般来说用<span class="_ _c"></span>“<span class="ff6 fs0">C</span>”<span class="_ _c"></span>方式调用开发人员自己写的<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _6"></span></span>函数，<span class="_ _c"></span>而<span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _10"></span><span class="ff2">“<span class="ff6 fs0 ls29">stdcall</span>”</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y36 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一般做为标准调用方式来调用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsc">windows<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>的<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lse">API </span></div><div class="t m0 xc hc y37 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过</div><div class="t m0 xf ha y38 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">Parameter<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">域可以指定所调用函数的返回值类型。默认情况下<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>节点没有输入参数而且只有一</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y39 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">个</div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y3a ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2a ws0">void<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">类型的返回参数。<span class="_ _12"></span>该参数由<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>节点第一对连接点的右端返回，<span class="_ _12"></span>代表<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>执行结果。<span class="_ _12"></span>如果返回参数</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y3b ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的类型是<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 ls2b">void<span class="_"> </span></span>类型，则<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>连接点为未启用状态（保持为灰色）<span class="_ _c"></span>。<span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>的每一对连接点代表一个输入或输</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y3c ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">出参数，<span class="_ _12"></span>若要传递参数给<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>则将参数连接至相应连接点的左端，<span class="_ _12"></span>若要读取返回值，<span class="_ _1"></span>则将相应连接点的右端</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y3d ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">连接到<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls12">Indicator</span>。<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y3e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls18 ws0">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">返回参数的类型可以是</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y3f ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2c ws0">Void<span class="ff2 ls0">，<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff6 ls2d">Numeric<span class="_ _13"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">或<span class="_ _6"> </span></span><span class="ls2e">String<span class="ff2 ls0">。<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="fs3">只能为返回参数指定<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff6 fs0 ls2c">Void<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>类型，<span class="_ _12"></span>输入参数不能</span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y40 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">指定为</div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y41 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2c ws0">Void<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">类型。调用的函数没有返回值时，指定<span class="_ _14"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_"> </span></span>的返回参数类型为<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 ls2b">void<span class="_"> </span></span>类型。即使参数有确定类</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y42 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">型的返回值，也可以指定<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls18">CFN<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>的返回类型为</div><div class="t m0 x19 ha y43 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2c ws0">Void<span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">，但是此时，函数的返回值将被忽略。<span class="ff1"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc hc y44 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls16 ws0">有些时候，调用的函数返回值不<span class="_ _0"></span>是以上三种类型，可以使用与以上<span class="_ _0"></span>三种类中有相同大小的一<span class="_ _0"></span>个来代替。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y45 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">例如如果调用的函数返回一个<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 ls10">Char<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>类型数据，<span class="_ _15"></span>则可以用一个</div><div class="t m0 x1a hd y46 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">8-bit unsigned integer<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ws0">的<span class="_ _3"> </span></span><span class="ls22 ws0">Numeric<span class="_ _13"> </span><span class="ff2 fs3 ls0">类型来代</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y47 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">替。<span class="_ _16"></span>此外，<span class="_ _16"></span>由于<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsc">LabVIEW<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>中没有指针，<span class="_ _16"></span>因此调用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 lsb">DLL<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>中的返回指针的函数似乎不可能。<span class="_ _16"></span>但是可以设定返回</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y48 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">值类型为一个与指针有相同大小的<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 ls1a">Integer<span class="_"> </span></span>类型，<span class="ff1 ls18">LabVIEW<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>将把地址以整型值来看待，并且用户可以在以</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y49 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">后的调用中直接使用它。<span class="ff1"> </span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
