MLDandZF_MIMO.rar_mimo_MIMO ZF_3G/4G/5G开发

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/base.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/fancy.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6278b3ad77d372734815d835/raw.css"> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/compatibility.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script> <script> try{ pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({}); }catch(e){} </script> <title></title> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar" style="display: none"> <div id="outline"> </div> </div> <div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6278b3ad77d372734815d835/bg1.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="_ _0"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x2 h4 y3 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">汕<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>头<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>大<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>学<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>工<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>学<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 sc0"> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>院</div><div class="t m1 x3 h5 y4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三<span class="_ _2"> </span>级<span class="_ _2"> </span>项<span class="_ _2"> </span>目<span class="_ _2"> </span>报<span class="_ _2"> </span>告</div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y5 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">课<span class="ff1"> </span>程<span class="ff1"> </span>名<span class="ff1"> </span>称<span class="ff1">: <span class="_ _3"></span> <span class="_ _4"> </span> <span class="ff2">通 信 信 号 处 理<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _6"> </span> <span class="ff2">　　　　<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _8"> </span> <span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _a"> </span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y6 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">课程设计题目：<span class="ff1">MIMO<span class="_ _b"></span> <span class="_ _c"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c x4 y7 w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y6 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通信系统的信道估计与信号检测<span class="_ _e"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _f"> </span> <span class="_ _10"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y9 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">指<span class="ff1"> </span>导<span class="ff1"> </span>教<span class="ff1"> </span>师：<span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _11"></span> <span class="_ _12"> </span> <span class="ff2">范<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="ff2">立<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="ff2">生<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> <span class="_ _15"></span> <span class="_ _16"> </span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 ya ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">专<span class="ff1"> </span>业：　<span class="_ _13"></span> <span class="_ _2"> </span> <span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _2"> </span> <span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff1">09<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _2"> </span> </span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="c x6 yb w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _18"></span> </span></div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x7 h6 ya ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电子信息工程<span class="_ _19"></span> <span class="_ _1a"> </span> <span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _1b"></span><span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _1c"> </span> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 yc ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">组<span class="ff1"> </span>别<span class="ff1"> </span>：<span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _11"></span> <span class="_ _12"> </span> <span class="ff2">第十一组<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _8"> </span> <span class="_ _15"></span> <span class="_ _16"> </span> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 yd ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">成<span class="ff1"> </span>员：<span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _1d"></span> <span class="_"> </span> <span class="ff2">　　<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _12"> </span> <span class="ff2">沈业鹏、莫崇志<span class="_ _1e"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _1f"> </span> <span class="ff2">　　<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _12"> </span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _20"></span> <span class="_ _21"> </span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">完成时间：<span class="ff1"> 2012<span class="_ _11"></span> <span class="_ _12"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c x8 yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x9 h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">年<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c xa y10 w3 h9"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y11 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _18"></span> <span class="_ _18"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _d"></span> </span></div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 xb h8 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="_ _10"></span> </div></div><div class="c xc yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 xd h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">月<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c xe y10 w3 h9"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y11 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _18"></span> <span class="_ _18"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _d"></span> </span></div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 xf h8 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="_ _10"></span> </div></div><div class="c x10 yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x11 h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">日——<span class="_ _22"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _23"> </span> 2012<span class="_ _11"></span> <span class="_ _12"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c x12 yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x13 h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">年<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c x14 y10 w3 h9"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y11 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _18"></span> <span class="_ _18"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _d"></span> </span></div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x15 h8 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="_ _10"></span> </div></div><div class="c x16 yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x17 h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">月<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </span></div></div><div class="c x18 y10 w3 h9"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y11 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _18"></span> <span class="_ _18"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _d"></span> </span></div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x19 h8 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">25<span class="_ _13"></span> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </div></div><div class="c x1a yf w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x0 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> <span class="_ _d"></span> </div></div><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1b h6 ye ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">日<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _14"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1c ha y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff3 fs4">1</span> / <span class="ff3 fs4">33</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> </body> </html>

<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6278b3ad77d372734815d835/bg2.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="_ _0"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y13 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">成绩：<span class="ff1"> </span>　　　　　　　　　　<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y14 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">评阅人：范立生</div><div class="t m0 x1 hb y15 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">一<span class="ff3 sc0"> </span>项目意义</div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y16 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">多输入多输出（<span class="ff4">MIMO</span>）技术由于能够在不增加传输带宽的条件下成倍的提</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y17 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">高无<span class="_ _17"></span>线信道<span class="_ _17"></span>的信<span class="_ _17"></span>道容<span class="_ _17"></span>量<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff4">,<span class="_ _17"></span></span>因而<span class="_ _17"></span>被认为<span class="_ _17"></span>是下<span class="_ _17"></span>一代移<span class="_ _17"></span>动通<span class="_ _17"></span>信系<span class="_ _17"></span>统<span class="_ _24"> </span><span class="ff4">4G<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>的关<span class="_ _17"></span>键技术<span class="_ _17"></span>之一<span class="_ _26"></span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y18 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff2">技<span class="_ _17"></span>术是<span class="_ _17"></span>未来<span class="_ _17"></span>无<span class="_ _17"></span>线通<span class="_ _17"></span>信系<span class="_ _17"></span>统<span class="_ _17"></span>中实<span class="_ _17"></span>现高<span class="_ _17"></span>数<span class="_ _17"></span>据速<span class="_ _17"></span>率传<span class="_ _17"></span>输<span class="_ _17"></span>、改<span class="_ _17"></span>善传<span class="_ _17"></span>输<span class="_ _17"></span>质量<span class="_ _17"></span>、<span class="_ _17"></span>提高</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y19 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">系统<span class="_ _17"></span>容量的<span class="_ _17"></span>重要<span class="_ _17"></span>途径<span class="_ _17"></span>。<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>信道<span class="_ _17"></span>模型<span class="_ _17"></span>无论<span class="_ _17"></span>是在<span class="_ _24"> </span><span class="ff4">MI<span class="_ _0"></span>MO<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff2">技术<span class="_ _17"></span>的理<span class="_ _17"></span>论研究<span class="_ _17"></span>阶段<span class="_ _17"></span>还</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y1a ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">是在<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>系统的应用阶段都是<span class="_ _17"></span>必需的。因此，<span class="_ _27"></span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>信道的建模是<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff4">MIM<span class="_ _17"></span>O<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>理</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y1b ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">论<span class="_ _17"></span>研<span class="_ _17"></span>究中<span class="_ _17"></span>的<span class="_ _17"></span>重<span class="_ _17"></span>要<span class="_ _17"></span>内<span class="_ _17"></span>容<span class="_ _17"></span>。<span class="_ _26"></span>多<span class="_ _17"></span>输<span class="_ _17"></span>入多<span class="_ _17"></span>输<span class="_ _17"></span>出<span class="_ _17"></span>（<span class="_ _26"></span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _17"></span></span>）<span class="_ _17"></span>衰<span class="_ _17"></span>落<span class="_ _17"></span>信<span class="_ _17"></span>道<span class="_ _17"></span>是迄<span class="_ _17"></span>今<span class="_ _17"></span>为<span class="_ _17"></span>止<span class="_ _17"></span>所<span class="_ _17"></span>考<span class="_ _17"></span>虑<span class="_ _17"></span>的</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y1c ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">单输<span class="_ _17"></span>入<span class="_ _17"></span>单输<span class="_ _17"></span>出（<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff4">SISO<span class="_ _17"></span></span>）随<span class="_ _17"></span>机<span class="_ _17"></span>信道<span class="_ _17"></span>的多<span class="_ _17"></span>变<span class="_ _17"></span>量推<span class="_ _17"></span>广。<span class="_ _17"></span>从<span class="_ _24"> </span><span class="ff4">SISO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>入手<span class="_ _17"></span>，逐<span class="_ _17"></span>步<span class="_ _17"></span>增加<span class="_ _17"></span>天线</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y1d ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">数，通过对<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _28"> </span></span>信道的建模和仿真，深刻理解<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>的系统的内涵。</div><div class="t m0 x1 hb y1e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">二<span class="ff3 sc0"> </span>项目内容</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y1f ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.<span class="_ _29"> </span>MIMO<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">信道的建模。搭建<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>1*1<span class="ff2">，</span>2*2,4*4,8*8<span class="ff2">，</span>MIMO<span class="ff2">－任一路的信道符合</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y20 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">R<span class="_ _0"></span>ayleigh F<span class="_ _2a"></span>ading<span class="ff2">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y21 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.<span class="_ _29"> </span><span class="ff2">在接收端基于导频的信道估计。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y22 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.<span class="_ _29"> </span><span class="ff2">利用估计的信道分别进行<span class="_ _28"> </span></span>MLD<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff2">和<span class="_ _28"> </span></span>Zero-forcing<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">信号检测。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y23 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.<span class="_ _29"> </span>1×1,2×2,4×4,8×8<span class="ff2">，（理想信道）模型的传输性能比较。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y24 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.<span class="_ _29"> </span>1×1,2×2,4×4,8×8<span class="ff2">，（估计信道）模型的传输性能比较。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y25 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.<span class="_ _29"> </span><span class="ff2">估计信道和理想信道（</span>4×4<span class="ff2">）之间的传输性能比较。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hb y26 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三 项目原理</div><div class="t m0 x1 hb y27 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(1)MIMO<span class="_ _24"> </span><span class="ff2">系统模型</span></div><div class="t m0 x1c ha y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff3 fs4">2</span> / <span class="ff3 fs4">33</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6278b3ad77d372734815d835/bg3.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="_ _0"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 hd y28 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y29 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">2×2MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>为例：</div><div class="t m0 x1d he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">11</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 he y2a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+n</div><div class="t m0 x28 hf y2b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x1d he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 h10 y2e ff4 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+</div><div class="t m0 x29 he y2c ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">n</div><div class="t m0 x2a hf y2d ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y2f ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">说明<span class="ff4">:H<span class="_ _28"> </span></span>信道符合<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff4">R<span class="_ _0"></span>ayleigh<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">衰落。</span>n<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff2">为信道的高斯白噪声。</span>S<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">为发射信号，</span>r<span class="_ _25"> </span><span class="ff2">为</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y30 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">接收端接收信号。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y31 ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(2)<span class="ff2">基于导频的信道估计</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y32 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">2×2MIMO<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>信道模型中，导引信号的数量可以是<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b hc y33 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">当导引信号时<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">p</span></div><div class="t m0 x2c hf y34 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x2d he y33 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x8 hf y34 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x2e he y33 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=[1 0],</div><div class="t m0 x1d he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">11</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*p</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*p</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+n</div><div class="t m0 x28 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div><div class="t m0 x2f he y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(p</div><div class="t m0 x30 hf y36 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x11 hc y35 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=0),<span class="ff2">不考虑噪声的影响<span class="_ _2b"> </span></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1d he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 h10 y39 ff4 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+</div><div class="t m0 x29 he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">n</div><div class="t m0 x2a hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x4 he y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(p</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y38 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x31 hc y37 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=0),<span class="ff2">不考虑噪声的影响。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y3a ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">则有：</div><div class="t m0 x1c ha y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff3 fs4">3</span> / <span class="ff3 fs4">33</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6278b3ad77d372734815d835/bg4.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="_ _0"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x32 he y3b ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y3c ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">11</div><div class="t m0 x21 h12 y3b ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="fs4">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x33 hf y3c ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x34 h13 y3d ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">/</div><div class="t m0 x35 h14 y3b ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x36 hf y3c ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div><div class="t m0 x2d h15 y3d ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">；</div><div class="t m0 x32 he y3e ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y3f ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12</div><div class="t m0 x21 h12 y3e ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="fs4">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x33 hf y3f ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x34 h13 y40 ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">/</div><div class="t m0 x35 h14 y3e ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x36 hf y3f ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x37 h15 y40 ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">；</div><div class="t m0 x2b hc y41 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">当导引信号时<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">p</span></div><div class="t m0 x2c hf y42 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x2d he y41 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x8 hf y42 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x2e he y41 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=[0 1],</div><div class="t m0 x1d he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">11</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*p</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*p</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+n</div><div class="t m0 x28 hf y44 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div><div class="t m0 x2f he y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(p</div><div class="t m0 x30 h16 y45 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x38 hc y43 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=0),<span class="ff2">不考虑噪声的影响<span class="_ _2c"> </span></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1d he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">r</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1f he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x22 hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x23 he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+H</div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22</div><div class="t m0 x25 he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">*S</div><div class="t m0 x26 hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x27 h10 y48 ff4 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">+</div><div class="t m0 x29 he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">n</div><div class="t m0 x2a hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x4 he y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(p</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y47 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x31 hc y46 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=0),<span class="ff2">不考虑噪声的影响。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y49 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">则有：</div><div class="t m0 x32 he y4a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y4b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x21 h12 y4a ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="fs4">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x33 hf y4b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x34 h13 y4c ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">/</div><div class="t m0 x35 h14 y4a ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x36 hf y4b ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div><div class="t m0 x2d h15 y4c ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">；</div><div class="t m0 x32 he y4d ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H</div><div class="t m0 x20 hf y4e ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22</div><div class="t m0 x21 h12 y4d ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="fs4">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x33 hf y4e ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x34 h13 y4f ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">/</div><div class="t m0 x35 h14 y4d ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m0 x36 hf y4e ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x37 h15 y4f ff2 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">；</div><div class="t m0 x2b hc y50 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">因此，采用导引结构，可以在接收端估计出信道<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff4">H<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>为：</div><div class="t m0 x39 he y51 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H=[H</div><div class="t m0 x3a h17 y52 ff4 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">11</div><div class="t m0 x34 he y51 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> H</div><div class="t m0 x3b h17 y52 ff4 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12</div><div class="t m0 x21 he y53 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">H</div><div class="t m0 x3c h17 y54 ff4 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x3d he y53 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> H</div><div class="t m0 x3e h17 y54 ff4 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21</div><div class="t m0 x3f he y53 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">]</div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y55 ff2 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff4">3</span>）最大似然检测（<span class="ff4">MLD</span>）</div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y56 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这<span class="_ _17"></span>是<span class="_ _17"></span>理论<span class="_ _17"></span>最<span class="_ _17"></span>优<span class="_ _17"></span>的<span class="_ _17"></span>检<span class="_ _17"></span>测<span class="_ _17"></span>方<span class="_ _17"></span>法<span class="_ _17"></span>，<span class="_ _17"></span>能<span class="_ _17"></span>够完<span class="_ _17"></span>全<span class="_ _17"></span>获<span class="_ _17"></span>得<span class="_ _17"></span>接<span class="_ _17"></span>收<span class="_ _17"></span>分<span class="_ _17"></span>集<span class="_ _17"></span>增<span class="_ _17"></span>益<span class="_ _17"></span>。由<span class="_ _17"></span>估<span class="_ _17"></span>计<span class="_ _17"></span>理<span class="_ _17"></span>论<span class="_ _17"></span>可<span class="_ _17"></span>知<span class="_ _1"></span>，</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y57 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对<span class="_ _27"></span>于<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">Y<span class="_ _26"></span> <span class="_ _26"></span>=<span class="_ _17"></span> <span class="_ _26"></span>HX+Z<span class="_"> </span></span>中<span class="_ _27"></span>的<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">H<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _1"></span></span>的<span class="_ _27"></span>估<span class="_ _1"></span>计<span class="_ _27"></span>，<span class="_ _27"></span>最<span class="_ _1"></span>大<span class="_ _27"></span>似<span class="_ _27"></span>然<span class="_ _27"></span>估<span class="_ _1"></span>计<span class="_ _27"></span>方<span class="_ _27"></span>法<span class="_ _1"></span>构<span class="_ _27"></span>造<span class="_ _27"></span>了<span class="_ _1"></span>一<span class="_ _27"></span>种<span class="_ _27"></span>代<span class="_ _1"></span>价<span class="_ _27"></span>函<span class="_ _27"></span>数</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y58 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p( H|Y,X)<span class="ff2">，使该代价函数取得最大值的<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>H<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">为最终的估计值：</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d hc y59 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">本<span class="_ _2d"> </span>项<span class="_ _2d"> </span>目<span class="_ _2d"> </span>主<span class="_ _2d"> </span>要<span class="_ _2d"> </span>针<span class="_ _2d"> </span>对</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y5a ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4×4<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _25"> </span></span>MIMO<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff2">系统进行仿真，星座映射图选择 <span class="_ _27"></span></span>QPSK<span class="ff2">，在接收端采用最大似然</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y5b ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">检测<span class="_ _17"></span>算<span class="_ _17"></span>法<span class="_ _17"></span>，主<span class="_ _17"></span>要是<span class="_ _17"></span>考<span class="_ _17"></span>察信<span class="_ _17"></span>道估<span class="_ _17"></span>计<span class="_ _17"></span>算法<span class="_ _17"></span>的性<span class="_ _17"></span>能<span class="_ _17"></span>，所<span class="_ _17"></span>以<span class="_ _17"></span>在检<span class="_ _17"></span>测时<span class="_ _17"></span>采<span class="_ _17"></span>用对<span class="_ _17"></span>发射<span class="_ _17"></span>信<span class="_ _17"></span>号空</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y5c ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">间<span class="_ _26"></span>进<span class="_ _26"></span>行<span class="_ _26"></span>了<span class="_ _26"></span>穷<span class="_ _26"></span>尽<span class="_ _26"></span><span class="ff5">搜<span class="_ _26"></span>索<span class="_ _27"></span></span>的<span class="_ _17"></span>方<span class="_ _27"></span>法<span class="_ _17"></span>来<span class="_ _26"></span>进<span class="_ _27"></span>行<span class="_ _17"></span>最<span class="_ _27"></span>大<span class="_ _17"></span>似<span class="_ _27"></span>然<span class="_ _17"></span>检<span class="_ _27"></span>测<span class="_ _17"></span>，<span class="_ _27"></span>以<span class="_ _26"></span><span class="ff5">充<span class="_ _26"></span></span>分<span class="_ _26"></span><span class="ff5">展<span class="_ _26"></span>示<span class="_ _27"></span></span>信<span class="_ _17"></span>道<span class="_ _27"></span>估<span class="_ _17"></span>计<span class="_ _27"></span>算<span class="_ _17"></span>法<span class="_ _27"></span>的</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y5d ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">BER <span class="ff2">性能。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y5e ff2 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff4">4</span>）<span class="ff5">迫零</span>检测（<span class="ff4">ZF</span>）</div><div class="t m0 x1d h18 y5f ff5 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">迫零<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">检测<span class="_ _17"></span>算法是<span class="_ _17"></span></span>给<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">接收信<span class="_ _17"></span>号</span>乘<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">以信<span class="_ _17"></span>道</span>矩<span class="_ _17"></span>阵<span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _17"></span></span>逆<span class="ff2">，<span class="_ _17"></span></span>其他<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">用</span>户<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">对</span>它<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">的的<span class="_ _17"></span></span>干扰<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">可以<span class="_ _17"></span></span>消除<span class="ff2">，<span class="_ _17"></span></span>但</div><div class="t m0 x1 h18 y60 ff5 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">同<span class="ff2">时<span class="_ _17"></span>噪<span class="_ _17"></span>声</span>也<span class="_ _17"></span>乘<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">以信<span class="_ _17"></span>道</span>矩<span class="_ _17"></span>阵<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">的</span>逆<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">，<span class="_ _17"></span>一</span>般<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">来说<span class="_ _17"></span>，<span class="_ _17"></span>信道<span class="_ _17"></span></span>矩<span class="_ _17"></span>阵<span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _17"></span>系数<span class="_ _17"></span>都<span class="_ _17"></span></span>小<span class="ff2">于<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff6">1<span class="_"> </span></span>，<span class="_ _17"></span></span>那<span class="_ _17"></span>么它<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _17"></span></span>逆就<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ff2">是大</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h18 y61 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">于<span class="_ _28"> </span><span class="ff6">1<span class="_ _2e"> </span></span>的，<span class="ff5">也就</span>是说<span class="ff5">给</span>噪声<span class="ff5">乘</span>了一<span class="ff5">个</span>大于<span class="_ _2e"> </span><span class="ff6">1<span class="_ _2e"> </span></span>的因子，必然是<span class="ff5">放</span>大了噪声。</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y62 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1c ha y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff3 fs4">4</span> / <span class="ff3 fs4">33</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>