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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626489f64c65f41259de2057/bg1.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第一篇<span class="ff2"> </span>基础知识部分<span class="ff2"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. 500kV<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">系统电压偏高，要通过有载调压来处理，请问如何调压？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：调节分接头，将其调低几档，使其电压符合要求。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">注：如当时潮流方向是<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">500kV<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>流向<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">220kV</span>，则调分接头对<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">500kV<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>系统电压影响不大。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff1">如当时潮流方向是<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>220kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1">流向<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>500kV<span class="ff1">，则调分接头对<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>500kV<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">系统电压影响较大。=</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2. <span class="ff1">雷雨天气为什么不能靠近避雷器和避雷针？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：雷雨天气<span class="_ _2"></span>，雷击较多。<span class="_ _2"></span>当雷击到避雷<span class="_ _2"></span>器或避雷针时<span class="_ _2"></span>，雷电流经过<span class="_ _2"></span>接地装置，通<span class="_ _2"></span>入大地，由于<span class="_ _2"></span>接地装置存在<span class="_ _2"></span>接地电</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">阻，它通过雷<span class="_ _2"></span>电流时电位将<span class="_ _2"></span>升得很高，对<span class="_ _2"></span>附近设备或人<span class="_ _2"></span>员可能造成反<span class="_ _2"></span>击或跨步电压<span class="_ _2"></span>，威胁人身安<span class="_ _2"></span>全。故雷雨天<span class="_ _2"></span>气不能</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">靠近避雷器或避雷针。=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yb ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3. <span class="ff1">什么叫做内部过电压？什么叫大气过电压？对设备有什么危害？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：内部过电<span class="_ _2"></span>压是由于操作<span class="_ _2"></span>、事故或电网<span class="_ _2"></span>参数配合不当<span class="_ _2"></span>等原因，引起<span class="_ _2"></span>电力系统的状<span class="_ _2"></span>态发生突然变<span class="_ _2"></span>化时，引起的<span class="_ _2"></span>对系统</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">有危害的过电压。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">大气过电压也<span class="_ _2"></span>叫外部过电压<span class="_ _2"></span>，是由于对设<span class="_ _2"></span>备直击雷击造<span class="_ _2"></span>成直击雷过电<span class="_ _2"></span>压或雷击于设<span class="_ _2"></span>备附近的，在<span class="_ _2"></span>设备上产生的<span class="_ _2"></span>感应雷</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">过电压。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y10 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">内部过电压和大气过电压都较高，可能引起绝缘薄弱点的闪络，引起电气设备绝缘损坏，甚至烧毁。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y11 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4. <span class="ff1">变电站接地网接地电阻应是多少？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：大电流接地系统的接地电阻应符合<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">R≤2000 / I Ω</span>，当<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">I>4000A<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>时可取<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">R≤0.5Ω</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y13 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">小<span class="_ _3"></span>电<span class="_ _3"></span>流<span class="_ _3"></span>接<span class="_ _3"></span>地<span class="_ _3"></span>系<span class="_ _4"></span>统<span class="_ _3"></span>当<span class="_ _3"></span>用<span class="_ _3"></span>于<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">1000V<span class="_"> </span></span>以<span class="_ _3"></span>下<span class="_ _3"></span>设<span class="_ _4"></span>备<span class="_ _3"></span>时<span class="_ _3"></span>，<span class="_ _3"></span>接<span class="_ _3"></span>地<span class="_ _3"></span>电<span class="_ _4"></span>阻<span class="_ _3"></span>应<span class="_ _3"></span>符<span class="_ _3"></span>合<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">R≤125<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="_ _2"></span>/<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="_ _3"></span>I <span class="_ _3"></span>Ω<span class="_ _4"></span></span>，<span class="_ _3"></span>当<span class="_ _3"></span>用<span class="_ _3"></span>于<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ff2">1000V<span class="_"> </span></span>以<span class="_ _3"></span>上<span class="_ _3"></span>设<span class="_ _4"></span>备<span class="_ _3"></span>时<span class="_ _3"></span>，<span class="_ _3"></span>接<span class="_ _3"></span>地<span class="_ _3"></span>电<span class="_ _4"></span>阻</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y14 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">R≤250 / I Ω<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1">电阻，任何情况下不应大于<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>10<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1">欧。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y15 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5. <span class="ff1">避雷针接地电阻应是多少？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：独立避雷针的接地电阻一般不大于<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">10<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>欧，安装在架物上的避雷针，其集中接地电阻一般不大于<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">10<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>欧。=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y17 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6. <span class="ff1">隔离开关的作用？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答；<span class="ff2">1.</span>明显的断开点<span class="ff2"> 2.</span>切断小电流<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">3.</span>改变运行方式</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y19 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7. <span class="ff1">工作票许可人的职责？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．负责审查工作票所列安全措施是否正确完备，是否符合现场条件；</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 2<span class="ff1">．工作现场布置的安全措施是否完善；</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">　　<span class="ff2">3</span>．负责检查停电设备有无突然来电的危险；</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 4<span class="ff1">．对工作票中所列内容即使发生很小疑问，也必须向工作票签发人询问清楚，必要时应要求作详细补充。</span> <span class="ff1">=</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">8. <span class="ff1">保证安全的组织措施是什么？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．工作票制度；<span class="ff2">2</span>．工作许可制度；<span class="ff2">3</span>．工作监护制度；<span class="ff2">4</span>．工作间断<span class="ff2">.</span>转移和终结制度。=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y20 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">9. <span class="ff1">哪些工作需要填写第一种工作？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y21 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．<span class="ff2"> </span>高压设备上工作需要全部停电或部分停电者；</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y22 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff1">．高压室内的二次接<span class="ff3">线</span>和<span class="ff3">照</span>明等<span class="ff3">回路</span>上的工作，需要将高压设备停电或做安全措施者。==</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y23 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10. <span class="ff1">哪些工作需要填写第二种工作票？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．<span class="ff3">带</span>电作<span class="ff3">业</span>和在<span class="ff3">带</span>电设备外<span class="ff3">壳</span>上的工作；</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y25 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff1">．<span class="ff3">控</span>制<span class="ff3">盘</span>和低压配电<span class="ff3">盘</span></span>.<span class="ff1">配电<span class="ff3">箱</span></span>.<span class="ff1">电<span class="ff3">源干线</span>上的工作；</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y26 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff1">．二次结<span class="ff3">线回路</span>上的工作，无需将高压设备停电者；</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y27 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="ff1">．转<span class="ff3">动</span>中的发电<span class="ff3">机</span></span>.<span class="ff3">同期<span class="ff1">调</span>相机<span class="ff1">的</span>励磁回路<span class="ff1">或高压电</span>动机<span class="ff1">转</span>子<span class="ff1">电阻</span>回路<span class="ff1">上的工作；</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y28 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="ff1">．<span class="ff3">非</span>当<span class="ff3">值值班</span>人员用绝缘<span class="ff3">棒</span>和电压<span class="ff3">互</span>感器<span class="ff3">定相</span>或用<span class="ff3">钳形</span>电流<span class="ff3">表测量</span>高压<span class="ff3">回路</span>的电流。=</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="_ _7"></span>1. <span class="ff1">工作票许可人在完成现场的安全措施<span class="ff3">后</span>，<span class="ff3">还</span>应做些什么？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．<span class="ff3">会同</span>工作负责人到现场<span class="ff3">再</span>次检查所做的安全措施，以<span class="ff3">手触试</span>，证明检<span class="ff3">修</span>设备确无电压；</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff1">．对工作负责人<span class="ff3">指</span>明<span class="ff3">带</span>电设备的位置和注<span class="ff3">意</span>事<span class="ff3">项</span>；</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff1">．和工作负责人在工作票上分<span class="ff3">别</span>签<span class="ff3">名</span>。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12. <span class="ff1">在工作票终结<span class="ff3">验收</span>时，应注<span class="ff3">意</span>什么</span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="_ _2"></span>由<span class="_ _2"></span>工作<span class="_ _2"></span>负<span class="_ _2"></span>责人<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">记<span class="_ _2"></span>录<span class="_ _2"></span></span>所<span class="ff3">修<span class="_ _2"></span>项<span class="_ _2"></span>目</span>、<span class="_ _2"></span>发<span class="_ _2"></span>现的<span class="_ _2"></span>问<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">题<span class="_ _2"></span></span>、<span class="ff3">试<span class="_ _2"></span>验<span class="_ _2"></span></span>结<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">果</span>和<span class="_ _2"></span>存<span class="_ _2"></span>在问<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">题<span class="_ _2"></span></span>等，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">并<span class="_ _2"></span>与<span class="_ _2"></span></span>工作<span class="_ _2"></span>负<span class="_ _2"></span>责人<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">共<span class="_ _2"></span>同<span class="_ _2"></span></span>检查<span class="_ _2"></span>设<span class="_ _2"></span>备状<span class="_ _2"></span>况<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">动<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>过的</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">接<span class="ff3">线</span>、压<span class="ff3">板</span>等<span class="ff2">)</span>，有无<span class="ff3">遗留</span>物件，现场是否清<span class="ff3">洁</span>等，然<span class="ff3">后</span>在工作票上填明工作终结时间，经<span class="ff3">双</span>方签<span class="ff3">名</span>，终结工作票。=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y30 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">13. <span class="ff1">保证安全的<span class="ff3">技术</span>措施是什么？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y31 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1</span>．停电<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">2</span>．<span class="ff3">验</span>电<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">3</span>．装设接地<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">4</span></span>．<span class="ff3">悬挂标示牌</span>和装设<span class="ff3">遮栏</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y32 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">14. <span class="ff1">工作票上工作负责人变<span class="ff3">动</span>需有什么<span class="ff3">手续</span></span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y33 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：需要变<span class="ff3">更</span>工作负责人时，应由工作签发人将变<span class="ff3">动</span>情况<span class="ff3">记录</span>在工作票上。</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626489f64c65f41259de2057/bg2.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">15. <span class="ff3">本<span class="ff1">所有几种</span>标示牌<span class="ff1">，</span>说<span class="ff1">明</span>每<span class="ff1">种的用</span>途</span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">标示牌六</span>种<span class="ff2">:</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 1<span class="ff1">．在一经合<span class="ff3">闸</span>即可<span class="ff3">送</span>电到工作地点的开关和<span class="ff3">闸刀</span>的操作<span class="ff3">把手</span>上，<span class="ff3">均</span>应<span class="ff3">悬挂“禁止</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>，有人工作<span class="ff3">”标示牌</span></span>.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y5 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 2<span class="ff1">．如<span class="ff3">果线路</span>上有人工作，应在<span class="ff3">线路闸刀</span>和开关操作<span class="ff3">把手</span>上<span class="ff3">挂“禁止</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>，<span class="ff3">线路</span>有人工作<span class="ff3">”</span></span> <span class="ff3">标示牌</span>.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 3<span class="ff1">．<span class="_ _2"></span>在施工地点<span class="ff3">临<span class="_ _2"></span></span>近<span class="ff3">带</span>电设备的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">遮栏</span>上，室外<span class="_ _2"></span>工作地点的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">围栏</span>上；<span class="ff3">禁<span class="_ _2"></span>止</span>通行的过<span class="ff3">道<span class="_ _2"></span></span>上；<span class="ff3">商</span>压<span class="ff3">试验<span class="_ _2"></span></span>地点；室外<span class="ff3">构<span class="_ _2"></span></span>架上<span class="_ _3"></span>，</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">工作地点<span class="ff3">临</span>近<span class="ff3">带</span>电设备的<span class="ff3">横梁</span>上<span class="ff3">均</span>应<span class="ff3">悬挂“止</span>步，高压危险<span class="ff3">！”<span class="ff2"> </span>标示牌<span class="ff2">.</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y8 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 4<span class="ff1">．在工作人员上下的<span class="ff3">铁</span>架、<span class="ff3">梯子</span>上<span class="ff3">悬挂“从此</span>上下<span class="ff3">”标示牌</span></span>.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y9 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 5<span class="ff1">．在工作地点<span class="ff3">悬挂“</span>在<span class="ff3">此</span>工作<span class="ff3">”标示牌</span></span>.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ya ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span>6<span class="ff1">．在工<span class="_ _2"></span>作人员<span class="_ _2"></span>上下的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">铁</span>架<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">临</span>近可<span class="_ _2"></span>能上下<span class="_ _2"></span>的<span class="ff3">另</span>外<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">铁</span>架上<span class="_ _2"></span>或运行<span class="_ _2"></span>中变压<span class="_ _2"></span>器等设<span class="_ _2"></span>备的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">梯子</span>上<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">挂“禁<span class="_ _2"></span>止攀登<span class="_ _2"></span></span>，高<span class="_ _2"></span>压危险<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">！”</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h4 yb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">标示牌<span class="ff2">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yc ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">16. <span class="ff1">第一、二种工作票的有<span class="ff3">效</span>时间以什么为<span class="ff3">准</span></span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：第一、二种工作票的有<span class="ff3">效</span>时间以调度<span class="ff3">批准</span>的检<span class="ff3">修期</span>为<span class="ff3">限</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ye ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">17. <span class="ff3">防止<span class="ff1">电气</span>误<span class="ff1">操作的</span>主<span class="ff1">要参</span>考资料<span class="ff1">是什么</span></span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答<span class="ff2">: 1)</span>电<span class="ff3">业</span>安全工作<span class="ff3">规程</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y10 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2)<span class="ff3">防止<span class="ff1">电力生产</span>重<span class="ff1">大事故的二</span>十五项重<span class="ff1">点要求</span></span>(<span class="ff3">国<span class="ff1">电</span>公司</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y11 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3)<span class="ff1">全<span class="ff3">国防止</span>电气<span class="ff3">误</span>操作<span class="ff3">专业</span>工作<span class="ff3">会议纪</span>要</span>(<span class="ff1">电力部安生安<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>96.49<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">号</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y12 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4)<span class="ff3">防止<span class="ff1">电气</span>误<span class="ff1">操作装置</span>管<span class="ff1">理</span>规定</span>(<span class="ff1">能<span class="ff3">源</span>部<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>90.1<span class="_ _7"></span>110<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">号</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y13 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5)<span class="ff3">华东<span class="ff1">电网</span>防止<span class="ff1">电气</span>误<span class="ff1">操作工作</span>互<span class="ff1">查</span>总<span class="ff1">结</span>会会议纪<span class="ff1">要</span></span>(<span class="ff3">华东<span class="ff1">电生处<span class="_ _1"> </span></span></span>96.036<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">号</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y14 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6)<span class="ff1">变电运行<span class="ff3">管</span>理工作<span class="ff3">若干规定</span></span>(<span class="ff3">省公司企业标准<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>Q/ZDL24107001-2000A)</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y15 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 7)99<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">年局防误<span class="ff1">工作</span>会议纪<span class="ff1">要</span>（杭<span class="ff1">电生<span class="_ _0"> </span></span></span>99.067<span class="ff3">）</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y16 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 8)<span class="ff3">本<span class="ff1">所</span>防误<span class="ff1">操作装置使用</span>管<span class="ff1">理制度=</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y17 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">18. <span class="ff3">倒闸<span class="ff1">操作票的</span>考核规定<span class="ff1">是什么</span></span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答<span class="ff2">:<span class="ff3">本</span></span>所<span class="ff3">按国</span>电<span class="ff3">华东公司劳动竞赛</span>的要求<span class="ff3">进</span>行。=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y19 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">19. <span class="ff1">对变电所设备<span class="ff3">标志</span>有什么要求</span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答<span class="ff2">:1)</span>变电所现场一、二、<span class="ff3">三</span>次设备<span class="ff3">均</span>必须有<span class="ff3">规范</span>、完<span class="ff3">整</span>、清<span class="ff3">晰</span>、<span class="ff3">准</span>确的<span class="ff3">命名标志</span>，<span class="ff3">包括端子箱</span>、<span class="ff3">控</span>制<span class="ff3">箱</span>、电<span class="ff3">源箱</span>等。</div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff3">）<span class="ff1">二次压</span>板<span class="ff1">、</span>端子<span class="ff1">、小开关、小</span>闸刀<span class="ff1">、</span>按钮<span class="ff1">等</span>元<span class="ff1">件的</span>命名<span class="ff1">必须</span>字迹<span class="ff1">清</span>晰<span class="ff1">，</span>严格<span class="ff1">做到</span>与典<span class="ff1">票、现场运行</span>规程相<span class="ff1">一</span>致<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y1c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff3">）<span class="ff1">多</span>单元<span class="ff1">的</span>控<span class="ff1">制</span>屏<span class="ff1">、保护</span>屏后<span class="ff1">应有明显的分</span>割线<span class="ff1">，</span>并表<span class="ff1">明</span>单元名称<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y1d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="ff3">）控<span class="ff1">制</span>屏<span class="ff1">、保护</span>屏后每<span class="ff1">一</span>单元<span class="ff1">的</span>端子排<span class="ff1">上部，应</span>表<span class="ff1">明</span>单元名称<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y1e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="ff3">）<span class="ff1">在</span>跳闸出口继<span class="ff1">电器的外</span>壳<span class="ff1">上，应</span>标<span class="ff1">有</span>禁止触动<span class="ff1">的明显</span>标志<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y1f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6<span class="ff3">）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">设备<span class="_ _2"></span>的</span>命<span class="_ _2"></span>名标<span class="_ _2"></span>志<span class="ff1">安<span class="_ _2"></span>装时<span class="_ _2"></span>应</span>严<span class="_ _2"></span>格与<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">设<span class="_ _2"></span>备</span>相<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">符，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>且<span class="ff1">无<span class="_ _2"></span>时</span>限<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">阻</span>碍<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。运<span class="_ _2"></span>行中<span class="_ _2"></span></span>严禁<span class="_ _2"></span>拆动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，如<span class="_ _2"></span>因设<span class="_ _2"></span>备<span class="_ _2"></span></span>油漆<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">等工<span class="_ _2"></span>作需<span class="_ _2"></span>要</span>暂<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时<span class="_ _2"></span></span>拆</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y20 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">除<span class="ff1">的，</span>重新<span class="ff1">安装时</span>务<span class="ff1">必</span>严格核<span class="ff1">对位置的</span>准<span class="ff1">确</span>性<span class="ff1">。=</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y21 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20. <span class="ff3">倒闸<span class="ff1">操作任</span>务执<span class="ff1">行过</span>程<span class="ff1">如何</span>管<span class="ff1">理？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y22 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2">1)<span class="ff3">倒闸</span></span>操作应<span class="ff3">严格按照局“倒闸</span>操作<span class="ff3">八</span>步<span class="ff3">骤执</span>行<span class="ff3">规范”（杭</span>电生<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">98.0234<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">号）</span></span>要求<span class="ff3">执</span>行。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y23 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff3">）倒<span class="_ _2"></span>闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">操作<span class="_ _2"></span>应</span>严<span class="_ _2"></span>格执<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">行调<span class="_ _2"></span>度</span>命<span class="_ _2"></span>令<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。对<span class="_ _2"></span>于一<span class="_ _2"></span>组</span>包<span class="_ _2"></span>含<span class="ff1">多<span class="_ _2"></span></span>个<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作任<span class="_ _2"></span></span>务<span class="ff1">的<span class="_ _2"></span></span>命令<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，</span>严<span class="_ _2"></span>禁擅<span class="_ _2"></span>自<span class="ff1">改<span class="_ _2"></span>变任<span class="_ _2"></span></span>务<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">间的<span class="_ _2"></span></span>顺序<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">；对<span class="_ _2"></span>于一<span class="_ _2"></span></span>个</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">操作任<span class="ff3">务</span>，<span class="ff3">严禁擅自</span>改变操作票上<span class="ff3">各</span>操作步<span class="ff3">骤</span>间的<span class="ff3">顺序</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y25 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff3">）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">操作<span class="_ _2"></span>中发<span class="_ _2"></span>生疑<span class="_ _2"></span>问、<span class="_ _2"></span></span>遇<span class="ff1">到<span class="_ _2"></span></span>障碍<span class="_ _2"></span>（<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">如</span>闸<span class="_ _2"></span>刀<span class="ff1">因<span class="_ _2"></span></span>机构<span class="_ _2"></span>缺陷<span class="_ _2"></span>而<span class="ff1">不<span class="_ _2"></span>能操<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="ff1">等<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>应立<span class="_ _2"></span>即停<span class="_ _2"></span></span>止<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>汇<span class="_ _2"></span>报<span class="ff1">调<span class="_ _2"></span>度</span>及<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">所</span>领<span class="_ _2"></span>导<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>查</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y26 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">明原因，<span class="ff3">严禁随意修</span>改操作票、<span class="ff3">随意解除闭锁</span>装置。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y27 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="ff3">）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">如因<span class="_ _2"></span>故中<span class="_ _2"></span>断操<span class="_ _2"></span>作</span>（<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">如</span>回<span class="_ _2"></span>主控<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">室<span class="_ _2"></span>取</span>解<span class="_ _2"></span>锁钥<span class="_ _2"></span>匙<span class="ff1">等<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>在</span>重<span class="_ _2"></span>新恢<span class="_ _2"></span>复<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作时<span class="_ _2"></span>，</span>务<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">必</span>重<span class="_ _2"></span>新核<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">对<span class="_ _2"></span>当</span>前<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">操作<span class="_ _2"></span>步</span>骤<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的内<span class="_ _2"></span>容，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>务</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y28 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">必<span class="ff3">重新核</span>对设备<span class="ff3">标志</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5<span class="ff3">）<span class="ff1">变电所</span>自<span class="ff1">行</span>掌握<span class="ff1">的操作</span>（<span class="ff1">如所用电系统等</span>）<span class="ff1">，必须有当</span>值<span class="ff1">负责人发布操作</span>命令<span class="ff1">，其</span>余均与<span class="ff1">调度正式操作</span>相同<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6<span class="ff3">）各<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">变<span class="_ _2"></span>电运<span class="_ _2"></span>行</span>主<span class="_ _2"></span>管单<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">位应<span class="_ _2"></span>对所<span class="_ _2"></span></span>属<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">变电<span class="_ _2"></span>所</span>进<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">行</span>倒<span class="_ _2"></span>闸<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作</span>执<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">行</span>规<span class="_ _2"></span>范进<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">行</span>抽<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">查，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>每月<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">至少<span class="_ _2"></span>一<span class="_ _2"></span></span>个<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作任<span class="_ _2"></span></span>务<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span></span>抽<span class="ff1">查<span class="_ _2"></span>情况<span class="_ _2"></span></span>随</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">每月月报<span class="ff1">上</span>报局<span class="ff1">生</span>技<span class="ff1">处。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">21. <span class="ff3">就防误<span class="ff1">操作</span>而言<span class="ff1">，</span>主<span class="ff1">设备工作结</span>束后<span class="ff1">应注</span>意<span class="ff1">什么？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">1<span class="ff3">）<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>检<span class="ff3">修<span class="_ _2"></span>单</span>位<span class="_ _2"></span>在工<span class="_ _2"></span>作中<span class="_ _2"></span>对<span class="ff3">防<span class="_ _2"></span>误<span class="_ _2"></span></span>装置<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">及</span>其<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">回路<span class="_ _2"></span></span>有<span class="ff3">拆<span class="_ _2"></span>动</span>或<span class="_ _2"></span>影响<span class="_ _2"></span>，则<span class="_ _2"></span>检<span class="ff3">修<span class="_ _2"></span>单</span>位<span class="_ _2"></span>应在<span class="_ _2"></span>工作<span class="_ _2"></span>结<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">束前<span class="_ _2"></span></span>负责<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">恢复<span class="_ _2"></span></span>，运<span class="_ _2"></span>行<span class="ff3">单<span class="_ _2"></span></span>位<span class="_ _2"></span>负责</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">验收<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff3">）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">检</span>修<span class="_ _2"></span>单<span class="ff1">位<span class="_ _2"></span>在</span>进<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">行开<span class="_ _2"></span>关的<span class="_ _2"></span>大、<span class="_ _2"></span>小<span class="_ _2"></span></span>修<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>闸刀<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的大<span class="_ _2"></span>、小<span class="_ _2"></span></span>修后<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，应<span class="_ _2"></span>保证<span class="_ _2"></span>有关<span class="_ _2"></span></span>辅助<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">接点<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="ff1">作<span class="_ _2"></span>情况<span class="_ _2"></span></span>良<span class="_ _2"></span>好<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>有关<span class="_ _2"></span></span>防误<span class="_ _2"></span>回路<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">完</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">整<span class="ff1">，由运行</span>单<span class="ff1">位负责</span>验收<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y31 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff3">）新<span class="ff1">、</span>扩<span class="ff1">、改</span>建<span class="ff1">工</span>程<span class="ff1">，</span>防误<span class="ff1">装置应</span>与主<span class="ff1">设备</span>同<span class="ff1">时设</span>计<span class="ff1">、</span>同<span class="ff1">时施工、</span>同<span class="ff1">时</span>验收<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y32 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">22. <span class="ff3">防误<span class="ff1">装置的安装</span>率<span class="ff1">应</span>达<span class="ff1">到多少</span></span>?<span class="ff1">答：</span>100%<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y33 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">23. <span class="ff3">防误<span class="ff1">装置</span>消缺率<span class="ff1">应</span>达<span class="ff1">到多少</span></span>? <span class="ff1">答：</span>30<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1">天内<span class="ff3">消缺率</span>应<span class="ff3">达<span class="_ _0"> </span></span></span>100%<span class="ff1">。</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626489f64c65f41259de2057/bg3.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">24. <span class="ff1">在<span class="ff3">紧急</span>情况下可以<span class="ff3">解锁吗</span></span>?</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答<span class="ff2">:</span>在<span class="ff3">紧急</span>情<span class="_ _2"></span>况下<span class="ff2">(</span>对<span class="_ _2"></span>人身、系统、<span class="_ _2"></span>设备有直接威<span class="_ _2"></span>胁时<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">)</span>，<span class="_ _2"></span>在确<span class="ff3">认</span>操作步<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">骤</span>正确，当<span class="ff3">前<span class="_ _2"></span></span>操作设备正确<span class="_ _2"></span>的情况下，可<span class="_ _2"></span>经当<span class="ff3">班</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">负责人<span class="ff3">同意后</span>，<span class="ff3">先</span>行<span class="ff3">解锁</span>操作，事<span class="ff3">后</span>补<span class="ff3">办解锁手续</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y5 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">25. <span class="ff3">简述<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>2<span class="_ _2"></span>20kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">线路<span class="ff1">保护的配置原则。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：对于<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">2<span class="_ _2"></span>20kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">线路</span></span>，<span class="ff3">根据稳定</span>要求或<span class="ff3">后</span>备保护<span class="ff3">整定</span>配合有<span class="ff3">困难</span>时，应装设<span class="ff3">两套</span>全<span class="ff3">线速动</span>保护。接地<span class="ff3">短路后</span>备保护可</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">装<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式或反<span class="_ _2"></span>时<span class="ff3">限零序</span>电流<span class="_ _2"></span>保护，<span class="ff3">亦</span>可<span class="ff3">采<span class="_ _2"></span></span>用接地<span class="ff3">距</span>离保<span class="_ _2"></span>护<span class="ff3">并辅之<span class="_ _2"></span></span>以<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式或反<span class="_ _2"></span>时<span class="ff3">限零序</span>电流<span class="_ _2"></span>保护。<span class="ff3">相</span>间<span class="ff3">短<span class="_ _2"></span>路后</span>备保护</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一般应装设<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式<span class="ff3">距</span>离保护。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y9 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">26. <span class="ff3">简述<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>5<span class="_ _2"></span>00kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">保护的配置原则。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：对于<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">5<span class="_ _2"></span>00kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">线路</span></span>，应装设<span class="ff3">两套</span>完<span class="ff3">整</span>、独立的全<span class="ff3">线速动主</span>保护。接地<span class="ff3">短路后</span>备保护可装设<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式或反时<span class="ff3">限零序</span>电流</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">保护。<span class="ff3">亦</span>可<span class="ff3">采</span>用接地<span class="ff3">距</span>离保护<span class="ff3">并辅之</span>以<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式或反时<span class="ff3">限零序</span>电流保护。<span class="ff3">相</span>间<span class="ff3">短路后</span>备保护可装设<span class="ff3">阶段</span>式<span class="ff3">距</span>离保护。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yc ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">27. <span class="ff1">什么是<span class="ff3">“远后</span>备<span class="ff3">”</span>？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">“远后</span>备<span class="ff3">”</span>是<span class="ff3">指</span>当<span class="ff3">元</span>件故<span class="ff3">障而</span>其保护装置式开关<span class="ff3">拒</span>绝<span class="ff3">动</span>作时，由<span class="ff3">各</span>电<span class="ff3">源侧</span>的<span class="ff3">相邻元</span>件保护装置<span class="ff3">动</span>作将故<span class="ff3">障</span>切开。<span class="ff2"> </span>=</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 ye ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">28. <span class="ff1">什么是<span class="ff3">“</span>近<span class="ff3">后</span>备<span class="ff3">”</span>？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">“<span class="_ _2"></span></span>近<span class="ff3">后</span>备<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _2"></span></span>则用<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">双重</span>化<span class="_ _2"></span>配置方<span class="_ _2"></span>式<span class="ff3">加强<span class="_ _2"></span>元</span>件<span class="ff3">本<span class="_ _2"></span></span>身的保<span class="_ _2"></span>护，使<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">之</span>在<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">区</span>内故<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">障</span>时，<span class="_ _2"></span>保护无<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">拒</span>绝<span class="ff3">动<span class="_ _2"></span></span>作的可<span class="_ _2"></span>能，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">同</span>时装<span class="_ _2"></span>设开关</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y10 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">失灵<span class="ff1">保护，以</span>便<span class="ff1">当开关<span class="ff3">拒</span>绝<span class="ff3">跳闸</span>时</span>启<span class="ff3">动<span class="ff1">它来切开</span>同<span class="ff1">一变电所</span></span>母<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">的高压开关，或</span></span>遥<span class="ff1">切对<span class="ff3">侧</span>开关。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y11 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">29. <span class="ff3">线路<span class="ff4">纵联<span class="ff1">保护</span></span>及<span class="ff4">特<span class="ff1">点是什么？</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">线路<span class="ff4">纵联<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>保护是当<span class="ff3">线路<span class="_ _2"></span></span>发生故<span class="ff3">障</span>时，<span class="_ _2"></span>使<span class="ff3">两侧</span>开关<span class="ff3">同<span class="_ _2"></span></span>时<span class="ff4">快<span class="ff3">速跳<span class="_ _2"></span>闸</span></span>的一种保护<span class="_ _2"></span>装置，是<span class="ff3">线路<span class="_ _2"></span></span>的<span class="ff3">主</span>保护。它<span class="_ _2"></span>以<span class="ff3">线路两侧</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y13 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">判<span class="ff3">别量<span class="ff1">的</span></span>特<span class="ff3">定<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">关系作为</span></span>判<span class="ff3">据<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，即</span>两侧均<span class="ff1">将<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>判<span class="ff3">别量</span>借<span class="ff3">助<span class="ff1">通<span class="_ _2"></span></span>道</span>传<span class="ff3">送<span class="ff1">到<span class="_ _2"></span>对</span>侧<span class="ff1">，然</span>后<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>两侧<span class="ff1">分</span>别按照<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">对</span>侧与本侧</span>判<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">别量之<span class="ff1">间的</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y14 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">关系来<span class="ff4">判<span class="ff3">别</span>区</span>内故<span class="ff3">障</span>或<span class="ff4">区</span>外故<span class="ff3">障</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y15 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">因<span class="ff3">此</span>，<span class="ff4">判<span class="ff3">别量</span></span>和通<span class="ff3">道</span>是<span class="ff4">纵联</span>保护装置的<span class="ff3">主</span>要组成部分。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y16 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff1">方<span class="_ _2"></span>向高<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">频</span>保<span class="_ _2"></span>护是<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">比</span>较<span class="_ _2"></span></span>线路<span class="_ _2"></span>两端<span class="_ _2"></span>各自<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">看<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">到的<span class="_ _2"></span>故</span></span>障<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">方向<span class="_ _2"></span>，以<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">判</span>断<span class="_ _2"></span>是</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span>路<span class="ff1">内<span class="_ _2"></span>部故<span class="_ _2"></span></span>障还<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">是<span class="_ _2"></span>外部<span class="_ _2"></span>故</span>障<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。如<span class="_ _2"></span></span>果<span class="ff1">以<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">被</span>保<span class="_ _2"></span>护<span class="_ _2"></span></span>线路</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">内部故<span class="ff3">障</span>时<span class="ff4">看<span class="_ _2"></span></span>到的故<span class="ff3">障</span>方向<span class="_ _2"></span>为正方向，则<span class="_ _2"></span>当<span class="ff4">被</span>保护<span class="ff3">线路<span class="_ _2"></span></span>外部故<span class="ff3">障<span class="_ _2"></span></span>时，<span class="ff3">总</span>有一<span class="ff3">侧<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">看</span></span>到的是反方<span class="_ _2"></span>向。其<span class="ff4">特</span>点是<span class="_ _2"></span>：<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">a) </span>要求<span class="_ _2"></span>正</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">向<span class="ff4">判<span class="ff3">别</span>启<span class="ff3">动元</span></span>件对于<span class="ff3">线路<span class="ff4">末</span>端</span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>有<span class="ff4">足够</span>的<span class="ff4">灵敏</span>度；<span class="ff2">b) </span>必须<span class="ff3">采</span>用<span class="ff3">双<span class="ff4">频</span></span>制<span class="ff3">收</span>发<span class="ff4">信<span class="ff3">机</span></span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y19 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=</span>相<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff1">高<span class="_ _2"></span></span>频<span class="ff1">保护<span class="_ _2"></span>是</span>比<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">较</span>被<span class="ff1">保<span class="_ _2"></span>护</span></span>线路<span class="_ _2"></span>两侧<span class="ff1">工<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">频</span>电流<span class="_ _2"></span></span>相<span class="ff1">位的<span class="_ _2"></span>高<span class="ff4">频<span class="_ _2"></span></span>保护。<span class="_ _2"></span>当</span>两侧<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>流</span>相<span class="ff1">位<span class="_ _2"></span></span>相同<span class="ff1">时<span class="_ _2"></span>保护<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">被</span></span>闭锁<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，</span>两侧</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电流<span class="ff3">相</span>位<span class="ff3">相</span>反时保护<span class="ff3">动</span>作<span class="ff3">跳闸</span>。其<span class="ff4">特</span>点是：<span class="_ _3"></span><span class="ff2">a) </span>能反应全<span class="ff3">相</span>状态下的<span class="ff3">各</span>种对<span class="ff3">称</span>和不对<span class="ff3">称</span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>，装置<span class="ff4">比</span>较<span class="ff3">简单</span>；<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff2">b<span class="_ _2"></span>) </span>不反应</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">系统<span class="ff4">振荡</span>。在<span class="ff3">非</span>全<span class="ff3">相</span>运行状态下和<span class="ff3">单相重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>过<span class="ff3">程</span>中保护能<span class="ff3">继续</span>运行；<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff2">c) <span class="_ _2"></span></span>不<span class="ff4">受</span>电压<span class="ff3">回路</span>断<span class="ff3">线</span>的影响；<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">d) <span class="_ _2"></span></span>当通<span class="ff3">道</span>或<span class="ff3">收</span>发</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1c ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信<span class="ff3">机<span class="ff1">停用时，</span>整个<span class="ff1">保护要</span></span>退<span class="ff3">出<span class="ff1">运行，因</span>此<span class="ff1">需要配备</span>单<span class="ff1">独的</span>后<span class="ff1">备保护。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff1">高<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">频</span></span>闭<span class="_ _2"></span>锁距<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">离保<span class="_ _2"></span>护是<span class="_ _2"></span>以</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span>路<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">上装<span class="_ _2"></span>有方<span class="_ _2"></span>向</span>性<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的</span>距<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">离保<span class="_ _2"></span>护装<span class="_ _2"></span>置作<span class="_ _2"></span>为基<span class="_ _2"></span></span>本<span class="ff1">保<span class="_ _2"></span>护，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">增</span></span>加<span class="_ _2"></span>相<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">应的<span class="_ _2"></span>发<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>与收<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">信<span class="ff1">设<span class="_ _2"></span>备，<span class="_ _2"></span>通过<span class="_ _2"></span>通</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">道构<span class="ff1">成<span class="ff4">纵联</span></span>距<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">离保护。其<span class="ff4">特<span class="_ _2"></span></span>点是：<span class="_ _3"></span><span class="ff2">a) </span>能<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">足够灵敏</span>和<span class="ff4">快<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>速<span class="ff1">地反应</span>各<span class="ff1">种<span class="_ _2"></span>对</span>称与<span class="ff1">不对</span>称<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">；<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff2">b) <span class="ff4">仍</span></span>保<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">持</span></span>后<span class="ff1">备保护的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">功</span>能；<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff2">c)</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电压二次<span class="ff3">回路</span>断<span class="ff3">线</span>时保护将<span class="ff3">会误动</span>，需<span class="ff3">采</span>取断<span class="ff3">线闭锁</span>措施，使保护<span class="ff4">退<span class="ff3">出</span></span>运行。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y20 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">30. <span class="ff4">纵联<span class="ff1">保护在电网中的<span class="ff3">重</span>要作用是什么？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y21 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：由于<span class="ff4">纵联<span class="_ _2"></span></span>保护在电网中<span class="_ _2"></span>可<span class="ff4">实</span>现全<span class="ff3">线速<span class="_ _2"></span>动</span>，因<span class="ff3">此</span>它可<span class="_ _2"></span>保证电力系统<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">并</span>列运行<span class="_ _2"></span>的<span class="ff3">稳定性</span>和<span class="ff4">提<span class="_ _2"></span></span>高<span class="ff4">输<span class="ff3">送</span>功<span class="ff3">率</span></span>、<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">缩</span>小故<span class="ff3">障</span>造</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y22 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">成的损坏<span class="ff3">程</span>度、改善<span class="ff3">后</span>备保护<span class="ff3">之</span>间的配合<span class="ff3">性</span>能。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y23 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">31. <span class="ff4">纵联<span class="ff1">保护的通<span class="ff3">道</span>可分为几种</span>类型<span class="ff1">？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：可分为以下几种<span class="ff4">类型</span>：</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y25 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> </span>电力</span>线<span class="ff1">载<span class="ff4">波纵联</span>保护</span>（简称<span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频</span>保护</span>）<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y26 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> <span class="ff4">微波纵联</span></span>保护</span>（简称<span class="ff4">微波<span class="ff1">保护</span></span>）<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y27 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> <span class="ff4">光纤纵联</span></span>保护</span>（简称<span class="ff4">光纤<span class="ff1">保护</span></span>）<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y28 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">4</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> </span></span>导<span class="ff1">引</span>线<span class="ff4">纵联<span class="ff1">保护</span></span>（简称导<span class="ff1">引</span>线<span class="ff1">保护</span>）<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">32. <span class="ff4">纵联<span class="ff1">保护的</span>信<span class="ff3">号<span class="ff1">有哪几种？</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff4">纵联</span>保护的<span class="ff4">信<span class="ff3">号</span></span>有以下<span class="ff3">三</span>种：</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）闭<span class="_ _2"></span>锁<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span>号<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span>它是<span class="_ _2"></span>阻</span>止<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">保护<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">作于<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>号<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">换</span></span>言<span class="_ _2"></span>之<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>无</span>闭<span class="_ _2"></span>锁<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span>号<span class="ff1">是<span class="_ _2"></span>保护<span class="_ _2"></span>作用<span class="_ _2"></span>于<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">必要<span class="_ _2"></span>条件<span class="_ _2"></span>。<span class="ff4">只<span class="_ _2"></span></span>有</span>同<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">满足</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">本端<span class="ff1">保护</span>元<span class="ff1">件</span>动<span class="ff1">作和无</span>闭锁<span class="ff4">信</span>号两个<span class="ff1">条件时，保护<span class="ff4">才</span>作用于</span>跳闸<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff4">允<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">许</span>信<span class="_ _2"></span></span>号<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span>它是<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">允</span>许<span class="_ _2"></span>保护<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">作于<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>号<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">换</span></span>言<span class="_ _2"></span>之<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>有<span class="ff4">允<span class="_ _2"></span></span>许<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>号<span class="ff1">是<span class="_ _2"></span>保护<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="ff1">作<span class="_ _2"></span>于<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的必<span class="_ _2"></span>要条<span class="_ _2"></span>件。<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">只</span>有<span class="_ _2"></span></span>同<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时<span class="ff4">满</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2e ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">足<span class="ff3">本端<span class="ff1">保护</span>元<span class="ff1">件</span>动<span class="ff1">作和有</span></span>允<span class="ff1">许</span>信<span class="ff3">号两个<span class="ff1">条件时，保护</span></span>才<span class="ff3">动<span class="ff1">作于</span>跳闸<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）跳<span class="_ _2"></span>闸<span class="ff4">信<span class="_ _2"></span></span>号<span class="ff1">。<span class="_ _2"></span>它是<span class="_ _2"></span>直接<span class="_ _2"></span>引起<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳<span class="_ _2"></span>闸<span class="ff1">的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">信</span></span>号<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。</span>此<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时</span>与<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">保护<span class="_ _2"></span></span>元<span class="ff1">件<span class="_ _2"></span>是否<span class="_ _2"></span></span>动<span class="ff1">作<span class="_ _2"></span>无关<span class="_ _2"></span>，<span class="ff4">只<span class="_ _2"></span></span>要</span>收<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">到<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">信</span>号<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，保<span class="_ _2"></span>护</span>就<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">作用<span class="_ _2"></span>于<span class="_ _2"></span></span>跳闸<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff1">，</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">远<span class="ff1">方</span>跳闸<span class="ff1">式保护</span>就<span class="ff1">是<span class="ff4">利</span>用</span>跳闸<span class="ff4">信</span>号<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y31 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">33. <span class="ff3">简述<span class="ff1">方向<span class="ff4">比</span>较式高<span class="ff4">频</span>保护的基</span>本<span class="ff1">工作原理。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y32 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：方向<span class="ff4">比</span>较<span class="_ _2"></span>式高<span class="ff4">频</span>保护的<span class="_ _2"></span>基<span class="ff3">本</span>工作原理<span class="_ _2"></span>是<span class="ff4">比</span>较<span class="ff3">线路两<span class="_ _2"></span>侧各自<span class="ff4">看<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>到的故<span class="ff3">障</span>方向<span class="_ _2"></span>，以<span class="ff4">综</span>合<span class="ff4">判</span>断<span class="_ _2"></span>其为<span class="ff4">被</span>保护<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span>路</span>内部<span class="ff3">还</span>是</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y33 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">外部故<span class="ff3">障</span>。如<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">果</span>以<span class="ff4">被</span>保护<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span>路</span>内部故<span class="ff3">障</span>时<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">看</span>到的故<span class="ff3">障</span>方<span class="_ _2"></span>向为正方向，<span class="_ _2"></span>则当<span class="ff4">被</span>保<span class="_ _2"></span>护<span class="ff3">线路</span>外部故<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">障</span>时，<span class="ff3">总</span>有一<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">例看</span>到的是</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626489f64c65f41259de2057/bg4.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">反方向。因<span class="ff3">此<span class="_ _2"></span></span>，方向<span class="ff4">比</span>较式<span class="_ _2"></span>高<span class="ff4">频</span>保护中<span class="ff4">判<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">别元</span></span>件，是<span class="ff3">本<span class="_ _2"></span></span>身<span class="ff4">具</span>有方<span class="_ _2"></span>向<span class="ff3">性</span>的<span class="ff3">元</span>件或<span class="_ _2"></span>是<span class="ff3">动</span>作<span class="ff3">值</span>能<span class="ff4">区<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">别</span></span>正、反方向<span class="_ _2"></span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>的电流</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">元<span class="ff1">件。所<span class="ff4">谓比</span>较</span>线路<span class="ff1">的故</span>障<span class="ff1">方向，</span>就<span class="ff1">是<span class="ff4">比</span>较</span>两侧<span class="ff4">特</span>定<span class="ff4">判</span>别<span class="ff1">的</span>动<span class="ff1">作行为。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">34. <span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频<span class="ff3">闭锁距</span></span>离保护有何<span class="ff4">优<span class="ff3">缺</span></span>点？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff4">该</span>保护有如下<span class="ff4">优</span>点：</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="ff1">能<span class="ff4">足够灵敏</span>和<span class="ff4">快</span></span>速<span class="ff1">地反应</span>各<span class="ff1">种对</span>称<span class="ff1">和不对</span>称<span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="ff1">=<span class="ff4">仍</span>能保<span class="ff4">持</span></span>远后<span class="ff1">备保护的作用</span>（<span class="ff1">当有<span class="ff4">灵敏</span>度时</span>）<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）<span class="ff1">=不<span class="ff4">受</span></span>线路<span class="ff1">分布电容的影响。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">缺<span class="ff1">点如下：</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 ya ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> <span class="ff4">串</span></span>补电容可使高<span class="ff4">频</span></span>距<span class="ff1">离保护</span>误动<span class="ff1">或</span>拒动<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="ff1">==<span class="ff2"> </span>电压二次</span>回路<span class="ff1">断</span>线<span class="ff1">时将</span>误动<span class="ff1">。应</span>采<span class="ff1">取断</span>线闭锁<span class="ff1">措施，使保护<span class="ff4">退</span></span>出<span class="ff1">运行。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yc ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">35. <span class="ff3">零序<span class="ff1">电流保护在运行中需注</span>意<span class="ff1">哪些问</span>题<span class="ff1">？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">零序</span>电流保护在运行中需注<span class="ff3">意</span>以下问<span class="ff3">题</span>：</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 ye ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=当电流<span class="_ _2"></span></span>回路<span class="ff1">断<span class="_ _2"></span></span>线<span class="ff1">时<span class="_ _2"></span>，可能<span class="_ _2"></span>造成保<span class="_ _2"></span>护</span>误动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">作。<span class="ff4">这<span class="_ _2"></span></span>是一般<span class="_ _2"></span>较<span class="ff4">灵<span class="_ _2"></span>敏</span>的保<span class="_ _2"></span>护的</span>共<span class="_ _2"></span>同<span class="ff1">弱点<span class="_ _2"></span>，需要<span class="_ _2"></span>在运行<span class="_ _2"></span>中注<span class="_ _2"></span></span>意防止<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。</span>就<span class="ff1">断</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">线机率而言<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>它<span class="ff4">比</span></span>距<span class="ff1">离保护<span class="_ _2"></span>电压</span>回路<span class="ff1">断</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的</span>机率<span class="ff1">要小得<span class="_ _2"></span>多。如</span>果<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">确有必要，</span>还<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">可以<span class="ff4">利</span>用</span>相邻<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">电流</span>互<span class="ff1">感器</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span>序<span class="ff1">电流</span>闭锁</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y10 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的方<span class="ff4">法<span class="ff3">防止</span>这</span>种<span class="ff3">误动</span>作。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y11 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=当电力<span class="_ _2"></span>系统</span>出<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">现不对<span class="_ _2"></span></span>称<span class="ff1">运<span class="_ _2"></span>行时，<span class="_ _2"></span>也</span>会出<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">现</span>零序<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">电流，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">例</span>如<span class="_ _2"></span>变压器<span class="_ _2"></span></span>三相<span class="ff1">参<span class="_ _2"></span>数不</span>同<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">所引起<span class="_ _2"></span>的不对<span class="_ _2"></span></span>称<span class="ff1">运<span class="_ _2"></span>行，</span>单<span class="_ _2"></span>相重<span class="ff1">合</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y12 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">闸<span class="ff1">过</span>程<span class="ff1">中的</span>两<span class="_ _2"></span>相<span class="ff1">运行，</span>三相<span class="_ _2"></span>重<span class="ff1">合</span>闸<span class="ff1">和</span>手动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">合</span>闸<span class="ff1">时的</span>三相<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">开关不</span>同<span class="_ _2"></span>期<span class="ff1">，<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线倒闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">操作时开关</span>与<span class="_ _2"></span>闸刀并<span class="ff4">联<span class="ff1">过</span></span>程<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">或开关正<span class="ff4">常</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y13 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">环<span class="ff3">并<span class="ff1">运行情况<span class="_ _2"></span>下，由于</span>闸刀<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">或开关接</span>触<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>阻</span>三相<span class="ff1">不一</span>致<span class="_ _2"></span>而出<span class="ff1">现</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span>序</span>环<span class="ff1">流，以<span class="ff3">及<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>空投<span class="ff1">变压器在<span class="_ _2"></span>运行中的情况<span class="_ _2"></span>下，可<span class="ff3">出</span>现</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y14 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">较<span class="ff4">长</span>时间的不<span class="ff4">平衡<span class="ff3">励磁</span>涌</span>流和直流分<span class="ff3">量</span>等等，都可能使<span class="ff3">零序</span>电流保护<span class="ff4">启<span class="ff3">动</span></span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y15 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=地理位<span class="_ _2"></span>置靠近<span class="_ _2"></span>的<span class="ff4">平<span class="_ _2"></span></span>行</span>线路<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，当其<span class="_ _2"></span>中一条<span class="_ _2"></span></span>线路<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>当其中<span class="_ _2"></span>一条<span class="_ _2"></span></span>线路<span class="ff1">故<span class="_ _2"></span></span>障<span class="ff1">时，<span class="_ _2"></span>可能引<span class="_ _2"></span>起</span>另<span class="ff1">一<span class="_ _2"></span>条</span>线路<span class="_ _2"></span>出<span class="ff1">现<span class="_ _2"></span>感应</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">电流，</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">造成反方向<span class="ff3">侧零序</span>方向<span class="ff3">继</span>电器<span class="ff3">误动</span>作。如确有<span class="ff3">此</span>可能时，可以改用负<span class="ff3">序</span>方向<span class="ff3">继</span>电器，来<span class="ff3">防止</span>上<span class="ff3">述</span>方向<span class="ff3">继</span>电器<span class="ff3">误动<span class="ff4">判</span></span>断。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y17 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">4</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=由于</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span>序<span class="ff1">方向<span class="_ _2"></span></span>继<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>器<span class="ff4">交</span>流<span class="_ _2"></span></span>回路<span class="ff4">平<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时</span>没<span class="ff1">有<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>零序<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>流和</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span>序<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>压，</span>回<span class="_ _2"></span>路<span class="ff1">断</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">不<span class="ff4">易被<span class="_ _2"></span></span>发现；<span class="_ _2"></span>当</span>继<span class="ff1">电<span class="_ _2"></span>器</span>零<span class="_ _2"></span>序<span class="ff1">电压<span class="_ _2"></span></span>互<span class="ff1">感器</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">开<span class="ff3">口三<span class="ff4">角</span>侧</span>时<span class="_ _2"></span>，也不<span class="ff4">易</span>用较<span class="_ _2"></span>直<span class="ff4">观</span>的<span class="ff4">模拟</span>方<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">法</span>检查其方向<span class="_ _2"></span>的正确<span class="ff3">性<span class="_ _2"></span></span>，因<span class="ff3">此</span>较容<span class="ff4">易<span class="_ _2"></span></span>因<span class="ff4">交</span>流<span class="ff3">回路</span>有<span class="_ _2"></span>问<span class="ff3">题而</span>使得在<span class="_ _2"></span>电网故<span class="ff3">障</span>时</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">造成保护<span class="ff3">拒</span>绝<span class="ff3">动</span>作和<span class="ff3">误动</span>作。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">36. <span class="ff3">相<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff1">高</span>频<span class="ff1">保护和高</span>频</span>闭锁<span class="ff1">保护</span>与单相重<span class="ff1">合</span>闸<span class="ff1">配合使用时，为什么</span>相<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff1">高</span>频<span class="ff1">保护要</span></span>三跳<span class="ff1">停<span class="ff4">信</span>，</span>而<span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频</span></span>闭锁<span class="ff1">保护要</span>单</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">跳<span class="ff1">停<span class="ff4">信</span>？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：在使用<span class="ff3">单<span class="_ _2"></span>相重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>的<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span>路</span>上，当<span class="ff3">非</span>全<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">相</span>运行时，<span class="ff3">相<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">差</span></span>高<span class="ff4">频启<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">动元</span></span>件<span class="ff3">均</span>可能<span class="_ _2"></span>不<span class="ff4">返<span class="ff3">回</span></span>，<span class="ff3">此</span>时<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">若两侧单跳</span>停<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">信</span>，由于停</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1d ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信<span class="ff1">时间不可能<span class="_ _2"></span>一<span class="ff3">致</span>，停</span>信慢<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">的一<span class="ff3">侧</span>将<span class="ff3">会</span>在<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">单相</span>故<span class="ff3">障跳闸<span class="_ _2"></span>后</span>由于<span class="ff3">非<span class="_ _2"></span></span>全<span class="ff3">相</span>运行时发<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">出</span>的</span>仍<span class="ff1">是间断<span class="_ _2"></span></span>波<span class="ff3">而误跳三相<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">。因</span>此单相</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">故<span class="ff3">障跳闸后</span>不<span class="_ _2"></span>能将<span class="ff3">相<span class="ff4">差</span></span>高<span class="ff4">频<span class="_ _2"></span></span>保护停<span class="ff4">信</span>。<span class="ff3">而<span class="_ _2"></span></span>在<span class="ff3">三相跳闸后<span class="_ _2"></span></span>，<span class="ff3">相<span class="ff4">差</span></span>高<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">频</span>保护<span class="ff4">失去</span>操<span class="_ _2"></span>作电<span class="ff3">源而</span>发<span class="ff4">连<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">续</span>波</span>，<span class="ff3">会</span>将对<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">侧相<span class="ff4">差</span></span>高<span class="ff4">频</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">保护<span class="ff3">闭锁</span>，所<span class="_ _2"></span>以必须<span class="ff4">实</span>行<span class="ff3">三<span class="_ _2"></span>跳</span>停<span class="ff4">信</span>，使对<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">侧相<span class="ff4">差</span></span>高<span class="ff4">频</span>保<span class="_ _2"></span>护<span class="ff3">加速跳<span class="_ _2"></span>闸</span>切<span class="ff3">除</span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>。<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">另</span>外，当<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>保护<span class="ff3">动</span>作时，<span class="_ _2"></span>如<span class="ff3">果</span>开关<span class="ff4">失</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y20 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">灵<span class="ff1">，<span class="ff3">三跳</span>停</span>信<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">能使对<span class="ff3">侧</span>高</span>频<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">保护<span class="ff3">动</span>作，</span>快<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">速<span class="ff1">切</span>除<span class="ff1">。高</span></span>频<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">闭锁<span class="ff1">保护<span class="_ _2"></span>必须</span></span>实<span class="ff1">行<span class="ff3">单跳<span class="_ _2"></span></span>停</span>信<span class="ff1">，因为当<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">线路单相</span>故<span class="ff3">障<span class="_ _2"></span></span>一<span class="ff3">侧先单跳</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y21 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">后<span class="ff1">保护将<span class="ff4">返</span></span>回<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，</span>而<span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频</span></span>闭锁<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">保护<span class="ff4">启</span></span>动元<span class="ff1">件<span class="_ _2"></span>不</span>复<span class="ff4">归<span class="ff1">，</span></span>收<span class="ff1">发<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">信</span></span>机<span class="ff4">启</span>动<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">发<span class="ff4">信</span>，</span>会<span class="ff1">将对<span class="_ _2"></span></span>侧<span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频</span></span>闭锁<span class="ff1">保<span class="_ _2"></span>护</span>闭锁<span class="ff1">。所以<span class="_ _2"></span>，</span>单相跳闸</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y22 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">后<span class="ff1">必须停<span class="ff4">信</span>，</span>加速<span class="ff1">对</span>侧<span class="ff1">高<span class="ff4">频</span></span>闭锁<span class="ff1">保护</span>跳闸<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y23 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">37. <span class="ff1">一条<span class="ff3">线路</span>有<span class="ff3">两套<span class="ff4">微</span>机</span>保护，<span class="ff3">线路<span class="ff4">投</span>单相重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>方式，<span class="ff4">该<span class="ff3">两套</span>微<span class="ff3">机</span></span>保护<span class="ff3">重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>应如何使用？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">两套<span class="ff4">微</span>机<span class="_ _2"></span>重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸</span>的<span class="ff4">选择<span class="_ _2"></span></span>开关切在<span class="ff3">单重<span class="_ _2"></span></span>位置，合<span class="ff3">闸出<span class="_ _2"></span>口<span class="ff4">连片只<span class="_ _2"></span>投</span></span>一<span class="ff3">套</span>。如<span class="ff3">果<span class="_ _2"></span></span>将<span class="ff3">两套重</span>合<span class="ff3">闸<span class="_ _2"></span></span>的合<span class="ff3">闸出口<span class="ff4">连<span class="_ _2"></span>片</span></span>都<span class="ff4">投</span>入，</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y25 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">可能造成开关<span class="ff3">短</span>时内<span class="ff3">两</span>次<span class="ff3">重</span>合。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y26 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">38. <span class="ff4">微<span class="ff3">机<span class="ff1">故</span>障录</span>波<span class="ff1">器通</span>常<span class="ff3">录<span class="ff1">哪些电气</span>量<span class="ff1">？</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y27 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答<span class="_ _1"> </span>：<span class="_ _0"> </span>对<span class="_ _0"> </span>于<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff2">220kV<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff3">及<span class="_ _1"> </span></span></span>以<span class="_ _0"> </span>上<span class="_ _0"> </span>电<span class="_ _0"> </span>压<span class="_ _1"> </span>系<span class="_ _0"> </span>统<span class="_ _0"> </span>，<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">微<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">机<span class="_ _0"> </span></span></span>故<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">障<span class="_ _0"> </span>录<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">波<span class="_ _1"> </span></span></span>器<span class="_ _0"> </span>一<span class="_ _0"> </span>般<span class="_ _0"> </span>要<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">录<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>取<span class="_ _0"> </span>电<span class="_ _0"> </span>压<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">量<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff2">UA<span class="_ _0"> </span></span></span>、<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">UB<span class="_"> </span></span>、<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">UC<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>、<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">3U0<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>，<span class="_ _0"> </span>电<span class="_ _0"> </span>流<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">量</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y28 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">IA<span class="ff1">、</span>IB<span class="ff1">、</span>IC<span class="ff1">、</span>3I0<span class="ff1">；高<span class="ff4">频</span>保护高<span class="ff4">频信<span class="ff3">号量</span></span>，保护<span class="ff3">动</span>作情况<span class="ff3">及</span>开关位置等开关<span class="ff3">量<span class="ff4">信</span>号</span>。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">39. <span class="ff1">变压器<span class="ff3">励磁<span class="ff4">涌</span></span>流有哪些<span class="ff4">特</span>点？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff2"> <span class="ff3">（<span class="_ _2"></span></span>1<span class="ff3">）</span></span>=<span class="ff3">包含</span>有很<span class="_ _2"></span>大成分的<span class="ff3">非<span class="ff4">周<span class="_ _2"></span></span>期</span>分<span class="ff3">量</span>，<span class="ff4">往往<span class="_ _2"></span></span>使<span class="ff4">涌</span>流偏于时<span class="_ _2"></span>间<span class="ff4">轴</span>的一<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">侧</span>。<span class="ff3">（<span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2">2</span>）</span>=<span class="ff3">包含</span>有<span class="_ _2"></span>大<span class="ff3">量</span>的高次<span class="ff4">谐<span class="_ _2"></span>波</span>分<span class="ff3">量</span>，<span class="ff3">并</span>以</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">二次<span class="ff4">谐波</span>为<span class="ff3">主</span>。<span class="ff3">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）</span>=<span class="ff3">励磁<span class="ff4">涌</span></span>流<span class="ff4">波<span class="ff3">形之</span></span>间<span class="ff3">出</span>现间断。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">40. <span class="ff3">目前<span class="ff4">差</span>动<span class="ff1">保护中</span>防止励磁<span class="ff4">涌<span class="ff1">流影响的方</span>法<span class="ff1">有哪些？</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">防止励磁<span class="ff4">涌</span></span>流影响的方<span class="ff4">法</span>是<span class="ff3">采</span>用<span class="ff4">具</span>有<span class="ff3">速<span class="ff4">饱</span></span>和<span class="ff3">铁<span class="ff4">芯</span></span>的<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff3">动继</span></span>电器。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">41. 500kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff3">并<span class="ff4">联<span class="ff1">电</span>抗<span class="ff1">器应装设哪些保护</span></span>及<span class="ff1">其作用？</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：高压<span class="ff3">并<span class="ff4">联</span></span>电<span class="ff4">抗</span>器应装设如下保护装置：</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="ff1">高阻<span class="ff4">抗差</span></span>动<span class="ff1">保护。保护电<span class="ff4">抗</span>器<span class="ff4">绕</span>组和</span>套管<span class="ff1">的</span>相<span class="ff1">间和接地故</span>障<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y31 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="ff4">匝<span class="ff1">间保护。保护电</span>抗<span class="ff1">器的</span>匝<span class="ff1">间</span></span>短路<span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）<span class="ff4">瓦斯<span class="ff1">保护和</span>温<span class="ff1">度保护。保护电</span>抗<span class="ff1">器内部</span></span>各<span class="ff1">种故</span>障<span class="ff1">、</span>油<span class="ff4">面降<span class="ff1">低和</span>温<span class="ff1">度升高。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y33 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">4</span>）<span class="ff1">过流保护。电<span class="ff4">抗</span>器和引</span>线<span class="ff1">的</span>相<span class="ff1">间或接地故</span>障<span class="ff1">引起的过电流。</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626489f64c65f41259de2057/bg5.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">5</span>）<span class="ff1">过负<span class="ff4">荷</span>保护。保护电<span class="ff4">抗</span>器<span class="ff4">绕</span>组过负<span class="ff4">荷</span>。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">6</span>）<span class="ff1">中</span>性<span class="ff1">点过流保护。保护电<span class="ff4">抗</span>器外部接地故</span>障<span class="ff1">引起中</span>性<span class="ff1">点小电<span class="ff4">抗</span>过电流。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">7</span>）<span class="ff1">中</span>性<span class="ff1">点小电<span class="ff4">抗瓦斯</span>保护和<span class="ff4">温</span>度保护。保护小电<span class="ff4">抗</span>内部</span>各<span class="ff1">种故</span>障<span class="ff1">、</span>油<span class="ff4">面降<span class="ff1">低和</span>温<span class="ff1">度升高。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y5 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">42. <span class="ff3">试述<span class="ff1">中阻<span class="ff4">抗型快</span></span>速<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">保护的<span class="ff4">特</span>点。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff4">快<span class="ff3">速</span>母<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>保护是<span class="ff3">带</span>制<span class="ff3">动<span class="_ _2"></span>性</span>的中阻<span class="ff4">抗型<span class="_ _2"></span>母<span class="ff3">线</span>差<span class="ff3">动</span></span>保护<span class="_ _2"></span>，其<span class="ff4">选择<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">元</span></span>件是一<span class="ff3">个<span class="ff4">具<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>有<span class="ff4">比<span class="ff3">率</span></span>制<span class="ff3">动<span class="ff4">特<span class="_ _2"></span></span>性</span>的中阻<span class="ff4">抗型<span class="_ _2"></span></span>电流<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff3">动继</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电器，<span class="ff3">解<span class="ff4">决了<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>电流<span class="ff3">互</span>感器<span class="ff4">饱<span class="_ _2"></span></span>和引起<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span>差<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">动</span></span>保护在<span class="ff4">区</span>外<span class="_ _2"></span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>时的<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">误动</span>问<span class="ff3">题</span>。保<span class="_ _2"></span>护装置是以电<span class="_ _2"></span>流<span class="ff4">瞬</span>时<span class="ff3">值测量<span class="_ _2"></span></span>、<span class="ff4">比</span>较为基</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">础的，<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>内<span class="_ _2"></span>部故<span class="ff3">障</span>时，保<span class="_ _2"></span>护装置的<span class="ff4">启<span class="ff3">动<span class="_ _2"></span>元</span></span>件、<span class="ff4">选择<span class="ff3">元<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>件能<span class="ff3">先</span>于<span class="_ _2"></span>电流<span class="ff3">互</span>感器<span class="ff4">饱<span class="_ _2"></span></span>和<span class="ff3">前动</span>作，因<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">此动</span>作<span class="ff3">速</span>度很<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">快</span>。中阻<span class="ff4">抗</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y9 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">型快<span class="ff3">速</span>母<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">保护装置的</span></span>特<span class="ff1">点：</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 ya ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）双<span class="ff4">母</span>线并<span class="ff1">列运行，一条<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">发生故</span>障<span class="ff1">，在任何情况下保护装置</span>均<span class="ff4">具<span class="ff1">有高度的</span>选择</span>性<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）双<span class="ff4">母</span>线并<span class="ff1">列运行，</span>两<span class="ff1">条<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线相继<span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">，保护装置能</span>相继跳<span class="ff1">开</span>两<span class="ff1">条<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">上所有<span class="ff4">连</span>接</span>元<span class="ff1">件。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">3</span>）<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">内部故</span>障<span class="ff1">，保护装置</span>整<span class="ff1">组</span>动<span class="ff1">作时间不大于<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">10ms</span>。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">4</span>）双<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">运行正<span class="ff4">常</span></span>倒闸<span class="ff1">操作，保护装置可靠运行。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 ye ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">5</span>）<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">=</span>双<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span>倒闸<span class="ff1">操<span class="_ _2"></span>作过<span class="_ _2"></span></span>程<span class="ff1">中<span class="ff4">母<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>线<span class="ff1">发生<span class="_ _2"></span>内部故<span class="_ _2"></span></span>障<span class="ff1">；</span>若<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">一条</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span>路两<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">组</span>闸刀<span class="_ _2"></span>同<span class="ff1">时跨<span class="_ _2"></span>接</span>两<span class="ff1">组<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">时<span class="_ _2"></span>，<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">发生故<span class="_ _2"></span></span>障<span class="ff1">，<span class="_ _2"></span>保护装</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">置能<span class="ff4">快<span class="ff3">速</span></span>切<span class="ff3">除<span class="_ _2"></span>两</span>组<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>上所<span class="_ _2"></span>有<span class="ff4">连</span>接<span class="ff3">元</span>件，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">若</span>一条<span class="ff3">线路两<span class="_ _2"></span></span>组<span class="ff3">闸刀非<span class="_ _2"></span>同</span>时跨接<span class="ff3">两</span>组<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>时，<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>发生故<span class="ff3">障</span>，保<span class="_ _2"></span>护装置<span class="ff4">仍具</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y10 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">有高度的<span class="ff4">选择<span class="ff3">性</span></span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y11 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">6</span>）<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">外部故</span>障<span class="ff1">，不</span>管线路<span class="ff1">电流</span>互<span class="ff1">感器<span class="ff4">饱</span>和</span>与<span class="ff1">否，保护装置</span>均<span class="ff1">可靠不</span>误动<span class="ff1">作。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y12 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">7<span class="_ _2"></span></span>）<span class="ff1">正<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">常</span>运<span class="_ _2"></span>行或<span class="_ _2"></span></span>倒闸<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">操作<span class="_ _2"></span>时，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>若<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">保护<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">交</span>流<span class="_ _2"></span>电流<span class="_ _2"></span></span>回路<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">发生<span class="_ _2"></span>断</span>线<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">，保<span class="_ _2"></span>护装<span class="_ _2"></span>置经<span class="_ _2"></span></span>整定<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">延<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1">时</span></span>闭<span class="_ _2"></span>锁整<span class="_ _2"></span>套<span class="ff1">保<span class="_ _2"></span>护，<span class="_ _2"></span></span>并<span class="ff1">发<span class="_ _2"></span></span>出<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">交<span class="ff1">流</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y13 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电流<span class="ff3">回路</span>断<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff4">告警信</span>号</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y14 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">8</span>）<span class="ff1">在</span>采<span class="ff1">用</span>同<span class="ff4">类<span class="ff1">开关或开关</span></span>跳闸<span class="ff1">时间<span class="ff4">差异</span>不大的变电所，保护装置能保证<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">故</span>障<span class="ff1">时<span class="ff4">母联</span>开关</span>先跳<span class="ff1">开。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y15 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">9</span>）<span class="ff4">母联<span class="ff1">开关的电流</span></span>互<span class="ff1">感器</span>与<span class="ff4">母联<span class="ff1">开关</span></span>之<span class="ff1">间的故</span>障<span class="ff1">，由<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">保护</span>与<span class="ff1">开关<span class="ff4">失灵</span>保护</span>相继跳<span class="ff1">开</span>两<span class="ff1">组<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">所有<span class="ff4">连</span>接</span>元<span class="ff1">件。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y16 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">10</span>）<span class="ff1">在<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">500kV<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">母</span></span></span>线<span class="ff1">上，使用</span>暂<span class="ff1">态<span class="ff4">型</span>电流</span>互<span class="ff1">感器，当</span>双<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">接</span>线闸刀双<span class="ff1">跨时，<span class="ff4">启</span></span>动元<span class="ff1">件可不</span>带<span class="ff1">制</span>动<span class="ff4">特</span>性<span class="ff1">。在<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">2<span class="_ _2"></span>20kV<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff4">母</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y17 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">线<span class="ff1">上，为</span>防止双<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">接</span>线闸刀双<span class="ff1">跨时保护</span>误动<span class="ff1">，因</span>此<span class="ff4">启</span>动元<span class="ff1">件和<span class="ff4">选择</span></span>元<span class="ff1">件一<span class="ff4">样</span></span>均<span class="ff1">有<span class="ff4">比</span></span>率<span class="ff1">制</span>动<span class="ff4">特</span>性<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y18 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">43. <span class="ff1">在<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>电流<span class="ff4">差<span class="ff3">动</span></span>保护中，为什么要<span class="ff3">采</span>用电压<span class="ff3">闭锁元</span>件？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：为<span class="ff4">了<span class="ff3">防止</span>差<span class="ff3">动继</span></span>电器<span class="ff3">误动</span>作或<span class="ff3">误<span class="ff4">碰</span>出口</span>中间<span class="ff3">继</span>电器造成<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>保护<span class="ff3">误动</span>作，故<span class="ff3">采</span>用电压<span class="ff3">闭锁元</span>件。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">44. <span class="ff1">电压<span class="ff3">闭锁元</span>件如何<span class="ff4">实</span>现？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：电压<span class="ff3">闭锁<span class="_ _2"></span>元</span>件<span class="ff4">利</span>用接在<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">每</span>条<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>上的<span class="_ _2"></span>电压<span class="ff3">互</span>感器二<span class="_ _2"></span>次<span class="ff3">侧</span>的低<span class="_ _2"></span>电压<span class="ff3">继</span>电器和<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">零序</span>过电压<span class="ff3">继<span class="_ _2"></span></span>电器<span class="ff4">实</span>现。<span class="ff3">三<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">只</span></span>低电压<span class="ff3">继</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电器反应<span class="ff3">各</span>种<span class="ff3">相</span>间<span class="ff3">短路</span>故<span class="ff3">障</span>，<span class="ff3">零序</span>过电压<span class="ff3">继</span>电器反应<span class="ff3">各</span>种接地故<span class="ff3">障</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">45. <span class="ff1">为什么设置<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>充电保护？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span>差<span class="ff3">动<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>保护应保证在<span class="_ _2"></span>一组<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>或<span class="ff4">某<span class="_ _2"></span></span>一<span class="ff3">段<span class="ff4">母</span>线</span>合<span class="ff3">闸<span class="_ _2"></span></span>充电时，<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4">快<span class="ff3">速而</span></span>有<span class="ff4">选择<span class="_ _2"></span></span>地断开有故<span class="ff3">障<span class="_ _2"></span></span>的<span class="ff4">母<span class="ff3">线</span></span>。为<span class="ff4">了<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff3">更</span></span>可靠地切</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y1f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">除<span class="ff4">被<span class="ff1">充电</span>母</span>线<span class="ff1">上的故</span>障<span class="ff1">，在<span class="ff4">母联</span>开关或<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">分</span>段<span class="ff1">开关上设置电流或</span>零序<span class="ff1">电流保护，作为<span class="ff4">母</span></span>线<span class="ff1">充电保护。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y20 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">母<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">充电保护<span class="_ _2"></span>接</span>线简单<span class="ff1">，在<span class="_ _2"></span></span>定值<span class="ff1">上可保证<span class="_ _2"></span>高的</span></span>灵敏<span class="ff1">度。<span class="_ _2"></span>在有条件的地<span class="_ _2"></span>方，</span>该<span class="ff1">保<span class="_ _2"></span>护可以作为<span class="ff3">专<span class="_ _2"></span></span>用</span>母<span class="ff3">线单<span class="ff1">独</span>带<span class="_ _2"></span>新建线路<span class="ff1">充</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y21 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">电的<span class="ff3">临</span>时保护。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y22 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">母<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">充电保护</span></span>只<span class="ff1">在</span>母<span class="ff3">线<span class="ff1">充电时</span></span>投<span class="ff1">入，当充电<span class="ff3">良好后</span>，应<span class="ff3">及</span>时停用。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y23 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">46. “<span class="ff3">两<span class="ff1">票</span>三<span class="ff1">制</span>”<span class="ff1">是什么？答：</span>两<span class="ff1">票是</span>指<span class="ff1">工作票、操作票；</span>三<span class="ff1">制是</span>指<span class="ff4">交<span class="ff1">接</span></span>班<span class="ff1">制、<span class="ff4">巡</span></span>回<span class="ff1">检查制、设备</span>定期试验与<span class="ff4">轮换<span class="ff1">制。</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y24 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">47. <span class="ff1">电力系统中的设备有几种状态？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y25 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：电力系统的设备状态一般<span class="ff4">划</span>分为运行、<span class="ff4">热</span>备用、<span class="ff4">冷</span>备用、和检<span class="ff3">修<span class="ff4">四</span></span>种状态。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y26 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">48. <span class="ff1">电力系统运行操作的制度有哪些？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y27 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：电力系统<span class="ff3">值班</span>调度人员在操作时应<span class="ff4">遵守</span>下列制度：操作<span class="ff3">命令</span>票制度、<span class="ff3">重复命令</span>制度、监护制度、<span class="ff3">录<span class="ff4">音</span>记录</span>制度。</div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y28 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">49. <span class="ff1">调度操作<span class="ff3">指令</span>有哪几种<span class="ff3">形</span>式？答：调度操作<span class="ff3">指令形</span>式有：<span class="ff3">单项指令</span>、<span class="ff4">逐<span class="ff3">项指令</span></span>、<span class="ff4">综</span>合<span class="ff3">指令</span>。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">50. <span class="ff1">电网合<span class="ff4">环</span>运行应<span class="ff4">具</span>备哪些条件？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）相</span>位应一<span class="ff3">致</span>。如<span class="ff4">首</span>次合<span class="ff4">环</span>或检<span class="ff3">修后</span>可能引起<span class="ff3">相</span>位变化，必须经<span class="ff3">测定</span>证明合<span class="ff4">环</span>点<span class="ff3">两侧相</span>位一<span class="ff3">致</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y2b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(2)<span class="ff1">如<span class="ff3">属</span>于电<span class="ff3">磁<span class="ff4">环</span></span>网，则<span class="ff4">环</span>网内的变压器接<span class="ff3">线</span>组<span class="ff3">别之<span class="ff4">差</span></span>为<span class="ff3">零</span>；<span class="ff4">特殊</span>情况下，经<span class="ff3">计<span class="ff4">算校</span>验继</span>电保护不<span class="ff3">会误动</span>作<span class="ff3">及</span>有关</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2c ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">环<span class="ff3">路<span class="ff1">设备不地载，</span></span>允<span class="ff1">许变压器接<span class="ff3">线</span></span>差<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">30<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">度<span class="ff3">进</span>行合</span></span>环<span class="ff1">操作。</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y2d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(3)<span class="ff1">合<span class="ff4">环<span class="ff3">后</span>环</span>网内<span class="ff3">各元</span>件不<span class="ff3">致</span>过载。</span>(4)<span class="ff3">各<span class="ff4">母</span>线<span class="ff1">电压不应<span class="ff4">超</span>过</span>规定值<span class="ff1">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y2e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(5)<span class="ff3">继<span class="ff1">电保护</span>与<span class="ff1">安全</span>自动<span class="ff1">装置应<span class="ff4">适</span>应<span class="ff4">环</span>网运行方式。</span></span>(6)<span class="ff3">稳定<span class="ff1">符合</span>规定<span class="ff1">的要求。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y2f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">51. <span class="ff1">事故<span class="ff3">单</span>位可不<span class="ff4">待</span>调度<span class="ff3">指令自</span>行<span class="ff3">先</span>处理<span class="ff3">后报<span class="ff4">告</span></span>事故有哪些？</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y30 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">答：<span class="ff3">遇</span>到下列事故情况时事故<span class="ff3">单</span>位可不<span class="ff4">待</span>调度<span class="ff3">指令自</span>行<span class="ff3">先</span>处理<span class="ff3">后再报<span class="ff4">告<span class="ff2">:</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y31 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）<span class="ff1">对人身和设备有威胁时，</span>根据<span class="ff1">现场</span>规程采<span class="ff1">取措施。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）<span class="ff1">发电<span class="ff4">厂</span>、变电站的</span>自<span class="ff1">用电全部或部分停电时，用其<span class="ff4">他</span>电</span>源恢复自<span class="ff1">用电。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y33 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff2">3<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>）<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">系<span class="_ _9"> </span>统<span class="_ _9"> </span>事<span class="_ _9"> </span>故<span class="_ _9"> </span>造<span class="_ _9"> </span>成<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff4">频<span class="_ _9"> </span></span></span>率<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff4">降<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">低<span class="_ _9"> </span>时<span class="_ _9"> </span>，<span class="_ _9"> </span></span></span>各<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">发<span class="_ _9"> </span>电<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff4">厂<span class="_ _9"> </span>增<span class="_ _b"> </span></span></span>加<span class="_ _9"> </span>机<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">组<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>出<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">力<span class="_ _9"> </span>和<span class="_ _9"> </span>开<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>出<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">备<span class="_ _9"> </span>用<span class="_ _9"> </span>发<span class="_ _9"> </span>电<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>机<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">组<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>并<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff1">入</span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
