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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b3c2181ded46b7f917e67/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"> </span> </div><div class="c x0 y2 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc1 ls0 ws0">信息系统安全技术</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y4 ff1 fs2 fc1 sc1 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="fs3 fc2 sc2">--<span class="_ _2"> </span>加密技术综述</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y5 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc3 ls0 ws0">何长龙 高级工程师</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.333333,0.000000,0.000000,1.333333,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b3c2181ded46b7f917e67/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h7 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x0 y2 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y7 ff1 fs5 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">目 录</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 y8 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">世界各国密码政策介绍</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 y9 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">我国密码管理政策简介</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 ya ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">密码学基础</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 yb ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">密码技术简介</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 yc ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">密钥管理和证书详细分析</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 yd ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">VPN<span class="_ _3"> </span>技术概述</div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 ye ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">IP<span class="_ _3"> </span>与<span class="_ _3"> </span>IPSec<span class="_ _3"> </span>技术</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.333333,0.000000,0.000000,1.333333,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b3c2181ded46b7f917e67/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h7 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x0 y2 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y7 ff1 fs5 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">概况（一）</div><div class="t m0 x7 ha yf ff1 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1999<span class="_ _4"> </span>年<span class="_ _4"> </span>6<span class="_ _5"> </span>月，美国的<span class="_ _5"> </span>Electronic Privacy Infor</div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y10 ff1 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">mation Center<span class="_ _5"> </span>公布了其对世界各<span class="_ _6"></span>国密码政策的</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y11 ff1 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">调查结果<span class="fs8">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y12 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff1">、当今许多国家对密码的使用没有控制，密码的使用</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y13 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">、生产、销售均不受限制。</div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y14 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff1">、各国和国际组织在密码的法律和政策方面向着更加</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y15 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">宽松的方向迈进。</div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y16 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff1">、出口控制依然是密码自由流动和发展的最大障碍。</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y17 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff1">、美国继续在全球推行其加密出口控制的政策，并迫</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y18 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">使其它国家采纳其限制性的政策。</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.333333,0.000000,0.000000,1.333333,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b3c2181ded46b7f917e67/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h7 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x0 y2 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y19 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">概况（二）密码政策的四个主要方面</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1a ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">政府对国内使用密码技<span class="_ _8"></span>术的控制情况</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1b ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">政府对本国进口密码技<span class="_ _8"></span>术和设备的控制</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1c ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">情况。</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1d ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">政府对本国开发的密码<span class="_ _8"></span>技术和设备出口</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1e ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的控制情况。</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y1f ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">负责制定密码技术的使<span class="_ _8"></span>用、出口、进口</div><div class="t m0 x7 hb y20 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">政策的政府部门或机构<span class="_ _8"></span>的情况。</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.333333,0.000000,0.000000,1.333333,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/622b3c2181ded46b7f917e67/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h7 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x0 y2 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x9 h8 y21 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">少数国家对国内使用密码进行控制<span class="fs5">　</span></div><div class="t m0 xa hc y22 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">许多国家对本国居民使<span class="_ _8"></span>用密码没有任何限制，<span class="_ _8"></span>而极少数</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y23 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">国家却实行表面上不是<span class="_ _8"></span>强制性的控制。如<span class="_ _7"> </span>Chi<span class="_ _8"></span>na<span class="_ _9"> </span>（中</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y24 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">国）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, Israel<span class="_ _9"> </span>（以色列）<span class="_ _9"> </span>,<span class="_ _8"></span> Pakistan<span class="_ _7"> </span>（巴基斯坦）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, R<span class="_ _8"></span>ussi</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y25 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">a<span class="_ _9"> </span>（俄罗斯）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, Singapo<span class="_ _8"></span>re<span class="_ _9"> </span>（新加坡<span class="_ _8"></span>）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, Tunisi<span class="_ _8"></span>a<span class="_ _9"> </span>（突尼</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y26 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">斯）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, Vietnam<span class="_ _9"> </span>（越南）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, a<span class="_ _8"></span>nd Ven<span class="_ _8"></span>ezue<span class="_ _8"></span>la<span class="_ _7"> </span>（委内瑞拉）。</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y27 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">许多明确拒绝控制的国<span class="_ _8"></span>家也意识到了当今电子<span class="_ _8"></span>商务中电</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y28 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">子信息及工业间谍威胁<span class="_ _8"></span>的重要性，纷纷采纳了<span class="_ _a"> </span>OECD</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y29 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="_ _9"> </span>Organization f<span class="_ _8"></span>or Econo<span class="_ _8"></span>mic Coo<span class="_ _8"></span>peration <span class="_ _8"></span>and <span class="_ _8"></span>Develop<span class="_ _8"></span>m</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y2a ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ent<span class="_ _9"> </span>经济合作与发展组织）<span class="_ _8"></span>的关于密码政策指导原<span class="_ _8"></span>则，支</div><div class="t m0 xa hc y2b ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">持无限制使用密码。如<span class="_ _7"> </span>Canad<span class="_ _8"></span>a<span class="_ _9"> </span>（加拿大）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, Irela<span class="_ _8"></span>nd</div><div class="t m0 xa hd y2c ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（爱尔兰）<span class="_ _9"> </span>, an<span class="_ _8"></span>d <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff4">F</span>inland<span class="_ _7"> </span>（<span class="ff4">芬</span>兰）<span class="fsa"> 。</span></div><div class="t m0 xa he y2d ff4 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">还<span class="ff1">有一</span>些<span class="ff1">国家<span class="_ _8"></span></span>放弃<span class="ff1">了以<span class="_ _8"></span></span>前<span class="ff1">对国内使用密码的限<span class="_ _8"></span>制，如法</span></div><div class="t m0 xa he y2e ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">国于<span class="_ _9"> </span>1999<span class="ff4">.</span>1<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff4">宣</span>布<span class="ff4">可</span>自由使用加密。<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff4">比利时<span class="_ _8"></span></span>于<span class="_ _9"> </span>199<span class="ff4">7.</span>1<span class="ff4">2</span></div><div class="t m0 xa he y2f ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在有关法律中<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff4">取消</span>了限制使<span class="_ _8"></span>用密码的<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff4">条款</span>。</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.333333,0.000000,0.000000,1.333333,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
