IM_Sensored.zip_TMS320F28035_DSP编程_嵌入式/单片机/硬件编程下载-pudn.com

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/base.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/fancy.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/raw.css"> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/compatibility.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script> <script> try{ pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({}); }catch(e){} </script> <title></title> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar" style="display: none"> <div id="outline"> </div> </div> <div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"> </span> </div><div class="c x2 y4 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y5 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y6 ff3 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x4 h6 y7 ff3 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls1 ws1">Sensored Fi<span class="_ _1"></span>eld Ori<span class="_ _1"></span>ented<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>Control of<span class="_ _1"></span> 3<span class="ls0 ws0">-Phase </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y8 ff3 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls1 ws1">Induction M<span class="_ _1"></span>otors<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y9 ff3 fs4 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h6 ya ff3 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h6 yb ff3 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 yc ff4 fs5 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 yd ff4 fs1 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 ha ye ff2 fs5 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws2"> <span class="_ _1"></span> <span class="ls2 ws3">Aut<span class="_ _2"></span>hors: Bilal Akin,<span class="_ _2"></span> Manish Bhardwaj</span><span class="ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h9 yf ff4 fs1 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x9 y10 w3 hb"><div class="t m0 xa hc y11 ff4 fs6 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c xb y12 w4 hd"><div class="t m0 xc he y13 ff5 fs7 fc6 sc0 ls3 ws4">Texas<span class="_ _1"></span> Instrume<span class="_ _1"></span>nts, I<span class="_ _1"></span>nc.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xd he y14 ff5 fs7 fc6 sc0 ls4 ws5">C2000 Systems and<span class="_ _1"></span> Applications<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> </body> </html>

<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws6">C2000 Syst<span class="_ _2"></span>ems and Ap<span class="_ _2"></span>plications <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _3"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe hf y16 ff6 fs0 fc7 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y18 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws7">Contents<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xf h11 y1c ff5 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y1d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">Introduct<span class="_ _2"></span>ion<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">................................................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"></span>3 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y1e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wsa">Induction Mot<span class="_ _2"></span>ors<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">........................................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"></span>3 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y1f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Field Orie<span class="_ _2"></span>nted<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span><span class="ws8">Con<span class="_ _2"></span>trol<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span><span class="ls5">...............................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span>5 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y20 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Benefits<span class="_ _2"></span> of 32<span class="ls0 ws0">-</span>bit<span class="_ _2"></span> C2000 Cont<span class="_ _2"></span>rollers f<span class="_ _2"></span>or Digita<span class="_ _2"></span>l Motor <span class="_ _2"></span>Control<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">...............................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span>.<span class="ls7 ws8">11</span> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y21 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">TI Motor C<span class="_ _2"></span>ont<span class="wsa">rol Liter<span class="_ _2"></span>ature and DMC Librar<span class="_ _2"></span>y<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">..........................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">12<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y22 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">System<span class="_ _2"></span> Overview<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">.....................................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">13<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y23 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">Hardware <span class="_ _2"></span>Configur<span class="_ _2"></span>ation<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">...........................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">17<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Software <span class="_ _2"></span>Setup Instr<span class="_ _2"></span>uction<span class="ls8 wsb">s<span class="_ _2"></span> to Ru<span class="_ _2"></span>n HVAC<span class="_ _2"></span>I_</span><span class="ws8">Sens<span class="_ _2"></span>ored<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>Project<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">...............................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">20<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y25 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Increm<span class="_ _2"></span>ental S<span class="_ _2"></span>y<span class="_ _1"></span>s<span class="_ _2"></span>tem<span class="_ _2"></span> Build<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ls5 ws9">........................................................................................................................<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">21</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 h11 y26 ff5 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xf h11 y27 ff5 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y28 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y30 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y31 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y32 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls9 wsc">A<span class="_ _1"></span>bstract<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y33 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y34 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wsd">This appl<span class="_ _2"></span>ication<span class="_ _2"></span> note pr<span class="_ _2"></span>esents a<span class="_ _2"></span> soluti<span class="_ _2"></span>on to co<span class="_ _2"></span>ntrol <span class="_ _2"></span>an AC in<span class="_ _2"></span>duction m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor usi<span class="_ _2"></span>ng the T<span class="_ _2"></span>MS320F280<span class="_ _2"></span>3x </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">microc<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrollers<span class="_ _2"></span>. TMS320F<span class="_ _2"></span>2803x de<span class="_ _2"></span>vices are par<span class="_ _2"></span>t of the f<span class="_ _2"></span>am<span class="_ _2"></span>ily of C2000 m<span class="_ _2"></span>icroc<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrollers <span class="_ _2"></span>which enab<span class="_ _2"></span>le </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lsa wsf">cost<span class="ls0 ws0">-<span class="ls7 ws10">effective desig<span class="_ _2"></span>n of int<span class="_ _2"></span>elligent c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol<span class="_ _2"></span>lers for thr<span class="_ _2"></span>ee phase m<span class="_ _2"></span>otors<span class="_ _2"></span> by reduci<span class="_ _2"></span>ng the s<span class="_ _2"></span>ystem </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y37 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">components<span class="_ _2"></span> and i<span class="_ _2"></span>ncrease <span class="_ _2"></span>eff<span class="_ _2"></span>iciency. W<span class="_ _2"></span>ith these dev<span class="_ _2"></span>ices it <span class="_ _2"></span>is possi<span class="_ _2"></span>ble to r<span class="_ _2"></span>ealize f<span class="_ _2"></span>ar m<span class="_ _2"></span>ore precis<span class="_ _2"></span>e digital </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y38 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws12">vector contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol algori<span class="_ _2"></span>thms<span class="_ _2"></span> like the Field Orie<span class="_ _2"></span>ntated C<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol (FOC)<span class="_ _2"></span>. This algor<span class="_ _2"></span>ithm<span class="_ _2"></span>’s implem<span class="_ _2"></span>entation is </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y39 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">discuss<span class="_ _2"></span>ed <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ws13">in this<span class="_ _2"></span> docum<span class="_ _2"></span>ent. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he FOC algori<span class="_ _2"></span>thm<span class="_ _2"></span> maintains ef<span class="_ _2"></span>ficienc<span class="_ _2"></span>y in a w<span class="_ _2"></span>ide range of<span class="_ _2"></span> speeds <span class="_ _2"></span>and </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y3a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws14">takes<span class="_ _2"></span> into considera<span class="_ _2"></span>tion torque c<span class="_ _2"></span>hanges <span class="_ _2"></span>with trans<span class="_ _2"></span>ient phases b<span class="_ _2"></span>y processing a d<span class="_ _2"></span>ynamic m<span class="_ _2"></span>odel of the<span class="_ _2"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y3b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">motor<span class="_ _2"></span>. <span class="ws9">This applicat<span class="_ _2"></span>ion not<span class="_ _2"></span>e covers<span class="_ _2"></span> the follo<span class="_ _2"></span>wing:<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 h2 y3c ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ls7 ws9">A theoret<span class="_ _2"></span>ical back<span class="_ _2"></span>ground o<span class="_ _2"></span>n field ori<span class="_ _2"></span>ented</span> <span class="ls7 ws9">m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol princi<span class="_ _2"></span>ple.</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x11 h2 y3d ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ls7 ws9">Increm<span class="_ _2"></span>ental build l<span class="_ _2"></span>evels b<span class="_ _2"></span>ased</span> <span class="ls7 ws9">on m<span class="_ _2"></span>odular s<span class="_ _2"></span>oftware b<span class="_ _2"></span>lock<span class="_ _2"></span>s</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x11 h2 y3e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ls7 ws8">Experim<span class="_ _2"></span>ental</span> r<span class="ls7 ws8">esults<span class="_ _2"></span></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y3f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y40 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y41 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws6">C2000 Syst<span class="_ _2"></span>ems and Ap<span class="_ _2"></span>plications <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _3"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe hf y16 ff6 fs0 fc7 sc0 ls0 ws0">3</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3 </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y42 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws7">Introduction<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y43 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y44 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">The <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ls0 ws0">m<span class="_ _2"></span></span>otor <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ls0 ws0">c</span><span class="ws15">ontrol ind<span class="_ _2"></span>ustry is a<span class="_ _2"></span> stron<span class="_ _2"></span>g<span class="ls0 ws0">, <span class="_ _9"></span></span>aggressi<span class="_ _2"></span>ve sect<span class="_ _2"></span>or.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"></span></span>To rem<span class="_ _2"></span>ain com<span class="_ _2"></span>petitive ne<span class="_ _2"></span>w produc<span class="_ _2"></span>ts m<span class="_ _2"></span>ust </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y45 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wsa">address s<span class="_ _2"></span>everal desi<span class="_ _2"></span>gn const<span class="_ _2"></span>raints includ<span class="_ _2"></span>ing cost redu<span class="_ _2"></span>ction, po<span class="_ _2"></span>wer consum<span class="_ _2"></span>ption reducti<span class="_ _2"></span>on, power f<span class="_ _2"></span>actor </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y46 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">correc<span class="_ _2"></span>tion, and re<span class="_ _2"></span>duced E<span class="_ _2"></span>MI radia<span class="_ _2"></span>tion. <span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>In ord<span class="_ _2"></span>er to m<span class="_ _2"></span>eet these<span class="_ _2"></span> challeng<span class="_ _2"></span>es adva<span class="_ _2"></span>nced cont<span class="_ _2"></span>rol algor<span class="_ _2"></span>ithms<span class="_ _2"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y47 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">are necess<span class="_ _2"></span>ary. Em<span class="_ _2"></span>bedded c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>technolo<span class="_ _2"></span>gy allows <span class="_ _2"></span>both a hi<span class="_ _2"></span>gh leve<span class="_ _2"></span>l of perf<span class="_ _2"></span>ormance <span class="ws8">a<span class="_ _2"></span>nd <span class="_ _2"></span></span>s<span class="_ _2"></span>ystem<span class="_ _2"></span> cost </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y48 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">reduction<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span><span class="ws15">to<span class="_ _2"></span> be achiev<span class="_ _2"></span>ed<span class="ls0 ws0">.<span class="ws17"> </span></span>According to m<span class="_ _2"></span>ark<span class="_ _2"></span>et analysis<span class="_ _2"></span>, the m<span class="_ _2"></span>ajorit<span class="_ _2"></span>y of industr<span class="_ _2"></span>ial motor app<span class="_ _2"></span>lications<span class="_ _2"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y49 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">use AC<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>induct<span class="_ _2"></span>ion motor<span class="_ _2"></span>s. The reasons<span class="_ _2"></span> for this ar<span class="_ _2"></span>e higher<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="ws8">robustness,<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="_ _2"></span>higher <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="lsb ws18">rel<span class="_ _2"></span>iab<span class="_ _2"></span>ility, lo<span class="_ _2"></span>w</span>er <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="lsb ws19">price<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0">s <span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>and </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lsb ws19">high<span class="ls7 ws8">er<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span><span class="ws12">ef<span class="_ _2"></span>ficienc<span class="_ _2"></span>y (up to 80<span class="_ _2"></span>%)<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _c"> </span></span>on com<span class="_ _2"></span>parison with ot<span class="_ _2"></span>her m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor types. H<span class="_ _2"></span>owever,<span class="_ _2"></span> the use of<span class="_ _2"></span> inductio<span class="_ _2"></span>n </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">motor<span class="_ _2"></span>s <span class="_"> </span><span class="ws1a">is challenging bec<span class="_ _2"></span>ause of<span class="_ _2"></span> its com<span class="_ _2"></span>plex mathem<span class="_ _2"></span>atical m<span class="_ _2"></span>odel, its no<span class="_ _2"></span>n linear be<span class="_ _2"></span>havior dur<span class="_ _2"></span>ing </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1b">saturation an<span class="_ _2"></span>d<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span></span>the elec<span class="_ _2"></span>trical param<span class="_ _2"></span>eter oscillat<span class="_ _2"></span>ion which dep<span class="_ _2"></span>ends on<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_"> </span></span>the phys<span class="_ _2"></span>ical influenc<span class="_ _2"></span>e of the<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">temper<span class="_ _2"></span>ature.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _c"> </span></span><span class="ws1c">Thes<span class="_ _2"></span>e factors m<span class="_ _2"></span>ake the contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol of induction m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor c<span class="_ _2"></span>omplex and<span class="_ _2"></span> call for use of<span class="_ _2"></span> a high </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1d">perform<span class="_ _2"></span>ance contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol algorithm<span class="_ _2"></span>s such as “vector<span class="_ _2"></span> control” and a po<span class="_ _2"></span>werful m<span class="_ _2"></span>icrocontrol<span class="_ _2"></span>ler to execute t<span class="_ _2"></span>his </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">algorithm<span class="_ _2"></span>.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y50 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y51 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">During the last f<span class="_ _2"></span>ew <span class="ws8">decade<span class="_ _2"></span>s<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>the f<span class="_ _2"></span>ield of controlle<span class="_ _2"></span>d electrical dr<span class="_ _2"></span>ives has under<span class="_ _2"></span>gone rapid<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>expans<span class="_ _2"></span>ion due<span class="_ _2"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y52 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1e">mainl<span class="_ _2"></span>y to the <span class="ws8">benefits<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_"> </span><span class="lsc ws1f">of<span class="_ _2"></span> m<span class="_ _2"></span>icro</span>-</span>contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ollers<span class="ls5 ws9">. <span class="_"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _e"> </span></span></span>These<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _e"> </span></span></span>techno<span class="_ _2"></span>logical im<span class="_ _2"></span>provem<span class="_ _2"></span>ents have enab<span class="_ _2"></span>led the </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y53 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1e">developm<span class="_ _2"></span>ent of <span class="ws8">v<span class="_ _2"></span>ery<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _e"> </span></span></span>eff<span class="_ _2"></span>ective AC dr<span class="_ _2"></span>ive<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_"> </span></span>c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol<span class="_ _2"></span> with l<span class="_ _2"></span>ower po<span class="_ _2"></span>wer dis<span class="_ _2"></span>sipation<span class="_ _2"></span> hardwar<span class="_ _2"></span>e and m<span class="_ _2"></span>ore </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y54 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws14">accurate c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _f"></span></span>structur<span class="_ _2"></span>es. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he electr<span class="_ _2"></span>ical dr<span class="_ _2"></span>ive contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ols becom<span class="_ _2"></span>e mor<span class="_ _2"></span>e accurate<span class="_ _2"></span> in the s<span class="_ _2"></span>ense t<span class="_ _2"></span>hat not </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y55 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws8">only<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span><span class="ws20">are the DC<span class="_ _2"></span> </span>quantities<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span><span class="ws20">control<span class="_ _2"></span>led but also the thr<span class="_ _2"></span>ee phase <span class="lsd ws21">A<span class="_ _2"></span>C <span class="_ _b"></span></span>currents and v<span class="_ _2"></span>oltages<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>ar<span class="_ _2"></span>e managed<span class="_ _2"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y56 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lse ws22">b<span class="_ _2"></span>y s<span class="_ _2"></span>o<span class="ls0 ws0">-<span class="ls7 ws14">c<span class="_ _2"></span>alled vec<span class="_ _2"></span>tor contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ols. T<span class="_ _2"></span>his docum<span class="_ _2"></span>ent <span class="ws8">brief<span class="_ _2"></span>ly <span class="_ _f"></span></span>d<span class="_ _2"></span>escribes th<span class="_ _2"></span>e im<span class="_ _2"></span>plem<span class="_ _2"></span>entation of th<span class="_ _2"></span>e m<span class="_ _2"></span>ost eff<span class="_ _2"></span>icient</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y57 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lsf ws11">fo<span class="_ _2"></span>rm<span class="_ _2"></span> of<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span>a <span class="ls7 wse">vec<span class="_ _2"></span>tor control sc<span class="_ _2"></span>heme: the F<span class="_ _2"></span>ield Orient<span class="_ _2"></span>ated Contro<span class="_ _2"></span>l</span> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">method<span class="wse">. It is<span class="_ _2"></span> based<span class="_ _2"></span> on three m<span class="_ _2"></span>ajor</span></span> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">points:<span class="_ _2"></span> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y58 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws15">the mac<span class="_ _2"></span>hine current and <span class="_ _2"></span>voltage s<span class="_ _2"></span>pace vectors<span class="_ _2"></span>, the trans<span class="_ _2"></span>form<span class="_ _2"></span>ation of a three<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span>phase s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed and tim<span class="_ _2"></span>e </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y59 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">dependent s<span class="_ _2"></span>ystem<span class="_ _2"></span> into a two <span class="ws8">c<span class="_ _2"></span>oordina<span class="_ _2"></span>te<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>t<span class="_ _2"></span>ime invar<span class="_ _2"></span>iant system<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>and effective<span class="_ _2"></span> Space Vect<span class="_ _2"></span>or <span class="ws11">Pulse W<span class="_ _b"></span>idth </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws23">Modulatio<span class="_ _2"></span>n pattern <span class="_ _2"></span>genera<span class="_ _2"></span>tion. T<span class="_ _2"></span>hanks to thes<span class="_ _2"></span>e factor<span class="_ _2"></span>s, the<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span></span>control of AC m<span class="_ _2"></span>achine <span class="_ _2"></span>acquires<span class="_ _2"></span> every </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws24">advantage<span class="_ _2"></span> of DC m<span class="_ _2"></span>achin<span class="_ _2"></span>e control a<span class="_ _2"></span>nd frees<span class="_ _2"></span> itself<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_"> </span></span>f<span class="_ _2"></span>rom the m<span class="_ _2"></span>echanical co<span class="_ _2"></span>mm<span class="_ _2"></span>utation drawb<span class="_ _2"></span>acks<span class="_ _2"></span>. </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1c">Furtherm<span class="_ _2"></span>ore, this c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol str<span class="_ _2"></span>ucture, b<span class="_ _2"></span>y<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _c"> </span></span>achieving <span class="_ _2"></span>a very accur<span class="_ _2"></span>ate stead<span class="_ _2"></span>y state and trans<span class="_ _2"></span>ient c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol, </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">leads to h<span class="_ _2"></span>igh d<span class="_ _2"></span>ynamic<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>perf<span class="_ _2"></span>ormanc<span class="_ _2"></span>e in terms<span class="_ _2"></span> of res<span class="_ _2"></span>ponse tim<span class="_ _2"></span>es and po<span class="_ _2"></span>wer convers<span class="_ _2"></span>ion. <span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y60 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws5">Induction Motors <span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y61 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y62 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">Induction m<span class="_ _2"></span>otors<span class="_ _2"></span> derive the<span class="_ _2"></span>ir name f<span class="_ _2"></span>rom the way the r<span class="_ _2"></span>otor m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetic fiel<span class="_ _2"></span>d is created. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>rotating st<span class="_ _2"></span>ator </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y63 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws20">magnetic<span class="_ _2"></span> field <span class="_ _2"></span>induces c<span class="_ _2"></span>urrents <span class="_ _2"></span>in the shor<span class="_ _2"></span>t circ<span class="_ _2"></span>uited rot<span class="_ _2"></span>or. These c<span class="_ _2"></span>urrents<span class="_ _2"></span> produ<span class="_ _2"></span>ce<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>the<span class="_ _2"></span> rotor<span class="_ _2"></span> magnetic<span class="_ _2"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y64 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">field, which interac<span class="_ _2"></span>ts with <span class="wsa">the stator<span class="_ _2"></span> magnetic f<span class="_ _2"></span>ield, and pr<span class="_ _2"></span>oduces torqu<span class="_ _2"></span>e,<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>which is t<span class="_ _2"></span>he useful m<span class="_ _2"></span>echanical<span class="_ _2"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y65 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">output of<span class="_ _2"></span> the m<span class="_ _2"></span>achine.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y66 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y67 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">The three phas<span class="_ _2"></span>e squirr<span class="_ _2"></span>el cage <span class="_ _2"></span>AC induct<span class="_ _2"></span>ion motor is<span class="_ _2"></span> the mos<span class="_ _2"></span>t widely used m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>bars<span class="_ _2"></span> form<span class="_ _2"></span>ing the </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y68 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws13">conductors<span class="_ _2"></span> along the rot<span class="_ _2"></span>or axis are c<span class="_ _2"></span>onnected by a thick<span class="_ _2"></span> metal ring at the end<span class="_ _2"></span>s,<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span>r<span class="_ _2"></span>esulting in a short </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y69 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lsb ws19">circ<span class="_ _2"></span>uit<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws16">as<span class="_ _2"></span> sho<span class="_ _2"></span>wn in Fig.1. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he sinus<span class="_ _2"></span>oidal st<span class="_ _2"></span>ator phas<span class="_ _2"></span>e curr<span class="_ _2"></span>ents fed in<span class="_ _2"></span> the stator c<span class="_ _2"></span>oils cr<span class="_ _2"></span>eate a</span> <span class="_ _b"></span>m<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws8">agnetic </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y6a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">field rotat<span class="_ _2"></span>ing at the s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed of<span class="_ _2"></span> the stator f<span class="_ _2"></span>requenc<span class="_ _2"></span>y (</div><div class="t m0 x12 h12 y6b ff8 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ω</div><div class="t m0 x13 h13 y6c ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s</div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 y6b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="ls7 wse">. The c<span class="_ _2"></span>hanging field <span class="_ _2"></span>induces a</span> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 wse">cur<span class="_ _2"></span>rent in the cage<span class="_ _2"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y6d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws25">conductors<span class="_ _2"></span>, which r<span class="_ _2"></span>esults in th<span class="_ _2"></span>e creat<span class="_ _2"></span>ion of a sec<span class="_ _2"></span>ond magnet<span class="_ _2"></span>ic field aro<span class="_ _2"></span>und the<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_"> </span></span><span class="ws26">rotor wires. As a </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y6e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">conseque<span class="_ _2"></span>nce of<span class="_ _2"></span> the for<span class="_ _2"></span>ces cr<span class="_ _2"></span>eated by th<span class="_ _2"></span>e inter<span class="_ _2"></span>action o<span class="_ _2"></span>f thes<span class="_ _2"></span>e two fie<span class="_ _2"></span>lds, the<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>rotor<span class="_ _2"></span> experie<span class="_ _2"></span>nces a<span class="_ _2"></span> torque </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">and starts r<span class="_ _2"></span>otating <span class="_ _2"></span>in the dir<span class="_ _2"></span>ection of<span class="_ _2"></span> the sta<span class="_ _2"></span>tor fiel<span class="_ _2"></span>d.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y70 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y71 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws27">As the rotor<span class="_ _2"></span> begins<span class="_ _2"></span> to spee<span class="_ _2"></span>d up and appro<span class="_ _2"></span>ach the s<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchr<span class="_ _2"></span>onous spe<span class="_ _2"></span>ed of the st<span class="_ _2"></span>ator m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetic field,<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="ws8">the </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y72 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws28">relative s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed between the<span class="_ _2"></span> rotor and the stator<span class="_ _2"></span> flux decr<span class="_ _2"></span>eases, decr<span class="_ _2"></span>easing the induc<span class="_ _2"></span>ed voltage<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ls10 ws1d">in<span class="_ _1"></span> the </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y73 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">stator an<span class="_ _2"></span>d reducin<span class="_ _2"></span>g the en<span class="_ _2"></span>ergy co<span class="_ _2"></span>nverted to t<span class="_ _2"></span>orque. T<span class="_ _2"></span>his caus<span class="_ _2"></span>es the t<span class="_ _2"></span>orque prod<span class="_ _2"></span>uction to<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>drop <span class="_ _2"></span>off<span class="_ _2"></span>, and </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y74 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws20">the motor<span class="_ _2"></span> will reach a stea<span class="_ _2"></span>dy state at a po<span class="_ _2"></span>int where t<span class="_ _2"></span>he load torque is<span class="_ _2"></span> matc<span class="_ _2"></span>hed with<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>t<span class="_ _2"></span>he motor tor<span class="_ _2"></span>que. </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y75 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">This point <span class="_ _2"></span>is an eq<span class="_ _2"></span>uilibrium<span class="_ _2"></span> reached <span class="_ _2"></span>depend<span class="_ _2"></span>ing on th<span class="_ _2"></span>e instanta<span class="_ _2"></span>neous load<span class="_ _2"></span>ing of<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span><span class="ls5">th</span>e m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>In br<span class="_ _2"></span>ief:<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y76 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y77 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y78 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y79 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y7a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws6">C2000 Syst<span class="_ _2"></span>ems and Ap<span class="_ _2"></span>plications <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _3"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe hf y16 ff6 fs0 fc7 sc0 ls0 ws0">4</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4 </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="c x14 y7b w5 h14"><div class="t m0 xa h15 y7c ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls11 ws29">Rotor flux<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x15 y7d w6 h16"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y7e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A’</div><div class="t m0 x16 h2 y7f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc8 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x17 y80 w7 h17"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y81 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A </div></div><div class="c x18 y82 w8 h18"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y83 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B </div></div><div class="c x18 y84 w9 h19"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y11 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">C</div><div class="t m0 x16 h2 y85 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc8 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y86 wa h1a"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y87 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">C’ </div></div><div class="c x19 y88 wb h1b"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y89 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">B’ </div></div><div class="c x1a y8a wc h1c"><div class="t m0 xa h1d y8b ff9 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i<span class="fsa">a</span> </div></div><div class="c x1b y8c wd h14"><div class="t m0 xa h15 y8d ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls12 ws2a">Rotor rotati<span class="_ _2"></span>on<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1c y8e we h14"><div class="t m0 xa h15 y7c ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls12 ws2a">Stator fl<span class="_ _2"></span>ux<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1d y8f wf h1e"><div class="t m0 x1e h1f y90 ffa fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ω</div></div><div class="c x1f y91 w10 h20"><div class="t m0 x20 h21 y92 ffa fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ω<span class="_ _10"></span>=<span class="_ _11"></span>Ω<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ffb">.<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ffc">s</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x21 h22 y93 ffc fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">R</div></div><div class="c x22 y94 w11 h23"><div class="t m0 x21 h22 y95 ffc fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m0 x1e h24 y96 ffa fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ω</div></div><div class="c x23 y97 w12 h25"><div class="t m0 xa h15 y98 ff4 fsa fc0 sc0 ls11 ws29">A<span class="_ _1"></span>lumi<span class="_ _2"></span>num bar<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x24 y99 w13 h26"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y9a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Figure 2: <span class="_ _2"></span>Squirrel c<span class="_ _2"></span>age roto<span class="_ _2"></span>r AC induc<span class="_ _2"></span>tion m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor c<span class="_ _2"></span>utaway view<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x25 h2 ya9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Figure 1: I<span class="_ _2"></span>nduction <span class="_ _2"></span>Motor R<span class="_ _2"></span>otor<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yaa ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yab ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ls7 ws16">Owing to the fact that<span class="_ _2"></span> the induction m<span class="_ _2"></span>echanism needs<span class="_ _2"></span> a relative diff<span class="_ _2"></span>erence betwe<span class="_ _2"></span>en the</span> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws16">m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 yac ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws28">and the sta<span class="_ _2"></span>tor flux s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed, the i<span class="_ _2"></span>nduction<span class="_ _2"></span> motor<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _f"></span></span>rotates at<span class="_ _2"></span> a frequenc<span class="_ _2"></span>y near,<span class="_ _2"></span> but<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _f"></span></span>les<span class="_ _2"></span>s than that of<span class="_ _2"></span> the </div><div class="t m0 xf h2 yad ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">synchron<span class="_ _2"></span>ous spee<span class="_ _2"></span>d.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yae ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ls7 ws9">This slip m<span class="_ _2"></span>ust be present<span class="_ _2"></span>, even<span class="_ _2"></span> when oper<span class="_ _2"></span>ating in<span class="_ _2"></span> a f<span class="lsb ws19">ie<span class="_ _2"></span>ld</span></span>-<span class="ls7 ws9">orien<span class="_ _2"></span>ted contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol regim<span class="_ _2"></span>e.</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yaf ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ls7 ws15">The rotor in an in<span class="_ _2"></span>duction <span class="_ _2"></span>motor<span class="_ _2"></span> is not external<span class="_ _2"></span>ly excited<span class="_ _2"></span>. This m<span class="_ _2"></span>eans that ther<span class="_ _2"></span>e is no need</span> <span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ls7 ws15">f<span class="_ _2"></span>or sl<span class="ws8">ip </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xf h2 yb0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">rings and br<span class="_ _2"></span>ushes<span class="_ _2"></span>. This m<span class="_ _2"></span>akes t<span class="_ _2"></span>he induction m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor r<span class="_ _2"></span>obust, inexpens<span class="_ _2"></span>ive an<span class="_ _2"></span>d<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span><span class="ws2b">need<span class="_ _2"></span> les<span class="_ _2"></span>s m<span class="_ _2"></span>aintenance.<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yb1 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ls7 ws9">Torque product<span class="_ _2"></span>ion is g<span class="_ _2"></span>overned b<span class="_ _2"></span>y the angle f<span class="_ _2"></span>orm<span class="_ _2"></span>ed between<span class="_ _2"></span> the rotor a<span class="_ _2"></span>nd the sta<span class="_ _2"></span>tor<span class="_ _2"></span></span> <span class="ls7 ws9">m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetic fluxes<span class="_ _2"></span>.</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yb2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h27 yb3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">In Fig.2 the rotor<span class="_ _2"></span> speed is denoted b<span class="_ _2"></span>y <span class="ffd ls0 ws0">Ω<span class="ff1"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span></span>. Stator an<span class="_ _2"></span>d rotor fr<span class="_ _2"></span>equencies are link<span class="_ _2"></span>ed by a param<span class="_ _2"></span>eter ca<span class="lsb ws19">lled<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yb4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">the slip </div><div class="t m0 x26 h28 yb5 ff9 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s<span class="ff1 fs0 ls7 ws9">, expr<span class="_ _2"></span>essed in <span class="_ _2"></span>per uni<span class="_ _2"></span>t as<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="c x27 yb6 w14 h29"><div class="t m1 x28 h2a yb7 ffc fse fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s<span class="_ _14"></span>r<span class="_ _15"></span>s</div><div class="t m2 x1e h2b yb8 ffc fsf fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s</div><div class="t m3 x29 h2c yb8 ffa fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ω<span class="_ _16"></span>ω<span class="_ _17"></span>ω</div><div class="t m2 x2a h2d yb9 ffb fsf fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">/<span class="_ _18"></span>)<span class="_ _19"></span>(<span class="_ _1a"> </span><span class="ffa">−<span class="_ _1b"></span>=</span></div></div><div class="t m0 x2b h2 yb5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">. </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yba ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ybb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ybc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ybd ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ybe ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ybf ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc0 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc1 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc2 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc3 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc4 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc5 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc6 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc7 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc8 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yc9 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2c h10 yca ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ycb ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ycc ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ycd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yce ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws15">where s <span class="_ _2"></span>is calle<span class="_ _2"></span>d the “sli<span class="_ _2"></span>p”: it r<span class="_ _2"></span>epresen<span class="_ _2"></span>ts the d<span class="_ _2"></span>iffer<span class="_ _2"></span>ence between<span class="_ _2"></span> the s<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous<span class="_ _2"></span> frequenc<span class="_ _2"></span>y and th<span class="_ _2"></span>e </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ycf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">actual m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor rotat<span class="_ _2"></span>ing speed<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0">. </span></div><div class="c x2d yd0 w15 h2e"><div class="t m4 x2e h2f yd1 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m4 x2f h2f yd2 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s<span class="_ _1c"></span>s<span class="_ _1d"></span>s<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ls13 ws2c">rad</span></div><div class="t m4 x30 h2f yd3 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m4 x31 h2f yd4 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ls13 ws2c">rad</span></div><div class="t m4 x32 h2f yd5 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">p</div><div class="t m4 x33 h2f yd6 ffc fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ls13 ws2c">rad</span></div><div class="t m5 x34 h30 yd7 ffc fs12 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m5 x35 h30 yd8 ffc fs12 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m5 x25 h30 yd9 ffc fs12 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m5 x36 h30 yda ffc fs12 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m5 x37 h30 ydb ffc fs12 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S</div><div class="t m6 x38 h31 ydc ffa fs13 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ω</div><div class="t m6 x39 h31 ydd ffa fs13 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ω</div><div class="t m6 x3a h31 yde ffa fs13 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ω</div><div class="t m4 x3b h32 ydf ffb fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="_ _1e"></span>1<span class="_ _13"></span>(<span class="_ _17"></span><span class="ls13 ws2c">).<span class="_ _1f"></span><span class="ls0 ws0">1<span class="_ _13"></span>(<span class="_ _20"></span>)<span class="_ _21"></span>/</span></span></div><div class="t m4 x3c h32 ye0 ffb fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">:</div><div class="t m4 x3d h32 ye1 ffb fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="_ _21"></span>/<span class="_ _22"></span>:</div><div class="t m4 x3e h32 ye2 ffb fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="_ _21"></span>/</div><div class="t m4 x27 h33 ye3 ffa fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">−<span class="_ _23"></span>=<span class="_ _23"></span>Ω<span class="_ _11"></span>−<span class="_ _23"></span>=<span class="_ _24"></span>Ω</div><div class="t m4 x3f h33 ye4 ffa fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"></div><div class="t m4 x3f h33 ye5 ffa fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"></div><div class="t m4 x3f h33 ye6 ffa fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"></div><div class="t m4 x40 h33 ye7 ffa fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="_ _23"></span>Ω</div><div class="t m4 x41 h34 ye8 ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _25"></span>:<span class="_ _26"></span>(<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _28"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">speed<span class="_ _28"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _29"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">rotating<span class="_ _1b"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2a"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">rotor<span class="_ _2b"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _27"></span>-</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x42 h34 ye9 ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls14 ws2d">number<span class="_ _29"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2c"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">pairs<span class="_ _2d"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _15"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">poles<span class="_ _15"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2e"></span>stator<span class="_ _14"></span> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x43 h34 yea ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _2f"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">freq<span class="_ _30"></span>supply <span class="_ _31"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _32"></span><span class="ls15 ws2e"> AC<span class="_ _33"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x44 h34 yeb ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _25"></span>.<span class="_ _34"></span> <span class="_ _25"></span>:<span class="_ _26"></span>(<span class="_ _27"></span> <span class="_ _28"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">speed<span class="_ _28"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _35"></span>field<span class="_ _36"></span> <span class="_ _29"></span><span class="ls14 ws2d">rotating<span class="_ _1b"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2e"></span>stator<span class="_ _14"></span> <span class="_ _37"></span>-</span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="c x11 yec w16 h35"><div class="t m7 xa h36 yed ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls16 ws2f">Skewed Cage Bars<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x45 yee w17 h35"><div class="t m7 xa h36 yed ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls16 ws2f">End Rings<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625c561492dc900e623f1ac5/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws6">C2000 Syst<span class="_ _2"></span>ems and Ap<span class="_ _2"></span>plications <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _3"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe hf y16 ff6 fs0 fc7 sc0 ls0 ws0">5</div><div class="t m0 xe hf y15 ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5 </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y42 ff4 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls6 ws5">Field Oriented Control <span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yef ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _38"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x46 h37 yf0 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws30">Introducti<span class="_ _1"></span>on<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x46 h2 yf2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws20">A sim<span class="_ _2"></span>ple control suc<span class="_ _2"></span>h as the V<span class="_ _2"></span>/Hz strateg<span class="_ _2"></span>y has l<span class="_ _2"></span>imitations <span class="_ _2"></span>on the per<span class="_ _2"></span>form<span class="_ _2"></span>ance<span class="ls0 ws0">. <span class="_ _b"></span></span>T<span class="_ _2"></span>o achieve better<span class="_ _2"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws15">dynam<span class="_ _2"></span>ic perform<span class="_ _2"></span>ance, a m<span class="_ _2"></span>ore com<span class="_ _2"></span>plex contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol sche<span class="_ _2"></span>me needs<span class="_ _2"></span> to be a<span class="_ _2"></span>pplied, t<span class="_ _2"></span>o contro<span class="_ _2"></span>l the i<span class="_ _2"></span>nductio<span class="_ _2"></span>n </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws31">motor<span class="_ _2"></span>. With the m<span class="_ _2"></span>athematical proc<span class="_ _2"></span>essing po<span class="_ _2"></span>wer of<span class="_ _2"></span>fered b<span class="_ _2"></span>y the micr<span class="_ _2"></span>ocontrollers<span class="_ _2"></span>, we can im<span class="_ _2"></span>plement </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws14">advanced<span class="_ _2"></span> control<span class="_ _2"></span> strateg<span class="_ _2"></span>ies, which<span class="_ _2"></span> use m<span class="_ _2"></span>athem<span class="_ _2"></span>atical transf<span class="_ _2"></span>ormations<span class="_ _2"></span> in order<span class="_ _2"></span> to d<span class="_ _2"></span>ecouple<span class="_ _2"></span> the torq<span class="_ _2"></span>ue </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws23">generati<span class="_ _2"></span>on and the m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetization f<span class="_ _2"></span>unctions in an <span class="_ _2"></span>AC induct<span class="_ _2"></span>ion motor<span class="_ _2"></span>. Such <span class="ws8">decouple<span class="_ _2"></span>d<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span></span></span>torque and </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws15">magneti<span class="_ _2"></span>zation contro<span class="_ _2"></span>l is co<span class="_ _2"></span>mmonl<span class="_ _2"></span>y called rotor f<span class="_ _2"></span>lux oriented c<span class="_ _2"></span>ontrol, <span class="_ _2"></span>or sim<span class="_ _2"></span>ply Field Ori<span class="_ _2"></span>ented Contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws30">(FOC).<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x46 h37 yfa ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws32">The main philos<span class="_ _1"></span>ophy behind<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span><span class="ws30">the<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>FOC<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x46 h37 yfb ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _39"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x46 h2 yfc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws26">In order to und<span class="_ _2"></span>erstand th<span class="_ _2"></span>e spirit of t<span class="_ _2"></span>he Field Orien<span class="_ _2"></span>ted Control tech<span class="_ _2"></span>nique, <span class="_ _2"></span>let us star<span class="_ _2"></span>t with<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span></span><span class="ws8">an </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yfd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">overvie<span class="_ _2"></span>w of the separ<span class="_ _2"></span>atel<span class="_ _2"></span>y<span class="_ _1"></span> <span class="_ _2"></span>excited dir<span class="_ _2"></span>ect current (<span class="_ _2"></span>DC) <span class="_ _2"></span>Motor. In th<span class="_ _2"></span>is type of<span class="_ _2"></span> motor, the ex<span class="_ _2"></span>citation f<span class="_ _2"></span>or the </div><div class="t m0 x1 h37 yfe ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws33">stator a<span class="_ _2"></span>nd rotor <span class="_ _2"></span>is inde<span class="_ _2"></span>pendentl<span class="_ _2"></span>y control<span class="_ _2"></span>le<span class="ws8">d. <span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17 ws34">Electrica<span class="_ _1"></span>l <span class="_ _2"></span>study of the<span class="_ _1"></span> <span class="_ _2"></span>DC motor shows that the </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h37 yff ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws35">produced <span class="_ _1"></span>torque and the flux ca<span class="_ _1"></span>n be independently<span class="_ _1"></span> tuned<span class="ff1 ls7 ws20">. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he strengt<span class="_ _2"></span>h of the field <span class="_ _2"></span>excitation (<span class="_ _2"></span>i.e. </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y100 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wsd">the magnitu<span class="_ _2"></span>de of the f<span class="_ _2"></span>ield ex<span class="_ _2"></span>citation curr<span class="_ _2"></span>ent) sets t<span class="_ _2"></span>he value <span class="_ _2"></span>of the f<span class="_ _2"></span>lux. The c<span class="_ _2"></span>urrent thro<span class="_ _2"></span>ugh the ro<span class="_ _2"></span>tor </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y101 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1d">windings<span class="_ _2"></span> determ<span class="_ _2"></span>ines how<span class="_ _2"></span> m<span class="_ _2"></span>uch torque is<span class="_ _2"></span> produced.<span class="_ _2"></span> T<span class="_ _2"></span>he comm<span class="_ _2"></span>utator on th<span class="_ _2"></span>e rotor pl<span class="_ _2"></span>ays an i<span class="_ _2"></span>nterest<span class="_ _2"></span>ing </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y102 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws23">part in the torq<span class="_ _2"></span>ue produc<span class="_ _2"></span>tion. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he comm<span class="_ _2"></span>utator is in cont<span class="_ _2"></span>act with t<span class="_ _2"></span>he brushes<span class="_ _2"></span>, and the m<span class="_ _2"></span>echanica<span class="_ _2"></span>l </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y103 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">construc<span class="_ _2"></span>tion is design<span class="_ _2"></span>ed to switc<span class="_ _2"></span>h into the circ<span class="_ _2"></span>uit the windi<span class="_ _2"></span>ngs that are m<span class="_ _2"></span>echanica<span class="_ _2"></span>lly aligned to pro<span class="_ _2"></span>duce </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y104 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws27">the max<span class="_ _2"></span>imum<span class="_ _2"></span> torque. This<span class="_ _2"></span> arrangem<span class="_ _2"></span>ent th<span class="_ _2"></span>en m<span class="_ _2"></span>eans that the<span class="_ _2"></span> torque <span class="_ _2"></span>productio<span class="_ _2"></span>n of the m<span class="_ _2"></span>achine <span class="_ _2"></span>is fairl<span class="_ _2"></span>y </div><div class="t m0 x1 h37 y105 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wsd">near optim<span class="_ _2"></span>al al<span class="ls5 ws36">l th<span class="_ _2"></span>e time. <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff4 ls17 ws37">The key point he<span class="_ _1"></span>re is that the windings are<span class="_ _1"></span> <span class="_ _2"></span>managed to keep the<span class="_ _1"></span> flux </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h37 y106 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws32">produced by<span class="_ _1"></span> the rotor windings orthogona<span class="_ _1"></span>l to the stator field<span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">. </span></div><div class="t m0 x47 h2 y107 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y108 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y109 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21"> <span class="ws0">I<span class="ls7 ws14">nducti<span class="_ _2"></span>on m<span class="_ _2"></span>achines do<span class="_ _2"></span> not have<span class="_ _2"></span> the sam<span class="_ _2"></span>e k<span class="_ _2"></span>ey features as<span class="_ _2"></span> the<span class="_ _2"></span></span> <span class="_ _f"></span><span class="ls7 ws14">DC m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor. In b<span class="_ _2"></span>oth cases<span class="_ _2"></span> we ha<span class="_ _2"></span>ve </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1d">only one sour<span class="_ _2"></span>ce that c<span class="_ _2"></span>an be control<span class="_ _2"></span>led which is<span class="_ _2"></span> the stator<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span><span class="ws8">cur<span class="_ _2"></span>rents.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span></span>O<span class="_ _2"></span>n the s<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous<span class="_ _2"></span> machine, t<span class="_ _2"></span>he </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 wse">rotor exc<span class="_ _2"></span>itation is g<span class="_ _2"></span>iven b<span class="_ _2"></span>y the perm<span class="_ _2"></span>anent magnets<span class="_ _2"></span> mounte<span class="_ _2"></span>d<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>onto th<span class="_ _2"></span>e shaft. O<span class="_ _2"></span>n the<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span><span class="ws8">s<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span></span>m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor, </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws20">the onl<span class="_ _2"></span>y source of po<span class="_ _2"></span>wer and m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetic field is the<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _f"></span></span>stator<span class="_ _2"></span> phase volta<span class="_ _2"></span>ge.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>Obvi<span class="_ _2"></span>ousl<span class="_ _2"></span>y, as opposed to t<span class="_ _2"></span>he </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">DC m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor, flux and t<span class="_ _2"></span>orque depe<span class="_ _2"></span>nd on e<span class="_ _2"></span>ach other.<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21"> <span class="ls7 ws9">The go<span class="_ _2"></span>al of <span class="ws8">the <span class="ls17 ws30">FOC</span></span></span><span class="ws0"> <span class="ls7 ws9">(<span class="_ _2"></span>also c<span class="_ _2"></span>alled </span>v<span class="ls7 ws9">ector<span class="_ _2"></span> control) <span class="_ _2"></span>on s<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous an<span class="_ _2"></span>d as<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous m<span class="_ _2"></span>achine <span class="_ _2"></span>is to </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y110 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">be able to s<span class="_ _2"></span>eparat<span class="_ _2"></span>ely contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol the tor<span class="_ _2"></span>que produc<span class="_ _2"></span>ing and<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetizing f<span class="_ _2"></span>lux com<span class="_ _2"></span>ponents. T<span class="_ _2"></span>he control </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y111 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">technique<span class="_ _2"></span> goal is t<span class="_ _2"></span>o (in a s<span class="_ _2"></span>ense), im<span class="_ _2"></span>itate the D<span class="_ _2"></span>C<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span>m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor’s oper<span class="_ _2"></span>ation.<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y112 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h37 y113 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _38"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17 ws32">Why Field Or<span class="_ _1"></span>iented Control <span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y114 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y115 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21"> <span class="ls8 ws38">As <span class="_ _b"></span><span class="ls7 ws11">a well kno<span class="_ _2"></span>w fact about th<span class="_ _2"></span>e as<span class="_ _2"></span>ynchronous m<span class="_ _2"></span>achine, <span class="_ _2"></span>we face som<span class="_ _2"></span>e natura<span class="_ _2"></span>l lim<span class="_ _2"></span>itations with a <span class="_ _2"></span>V/Hz<span class="_ _2"></span></span></span><span class="ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y116 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws20">control appr<span class="_ _2"></span>oach.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>F<span class="_ _2"></span>OC control <span class="_ _2"></span>will allow us to get aro<span class="_ _2"></span>und these lim<span class="_ _2"></span>itations, b<span class="_ _2"></span>y decoup<span class="_ _2"></span>ling the eff<span class="_ _2"></span>ect of </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y117 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws11">the torque<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"></span></span>and the m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnetizi<span class="_ _2"></span>ng flux. W<span class="_ _2"></span>ith decoup<span class="_ _2"></span>led contr<span class="_ _2"></span>ol of the m<span class="_ _2"></span>agnet<span class="_ _2"></span>ization, the t<span class="_ _2"></span>orque pr<span class="_ _2"></span>oducin<span class="_ _2"></span>g<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y118 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws13">component<span class="_ _2"></span> of the st<span class="_ _2"></span>ator fl<span class="_ _2"></span>ux can n<span class="_ _2"></span>ow be th<span class="_ _2"></span>ought of<span class="_ _2"></span> as indep<span class="_ _2"></span>endent tor<span class="_ _2"></span>que co<span class="_ _2"></span>ntrol.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span>N<span class="_ _2"></span>ow, deco<span class="_ _2"></span>upled </div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y119 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws16">control, at lo<span class="_ _2"></span>w speeds, the <span class="_ _2"></span>magneti<span class="_ _2"></span>zation can be m<span class="_ _2"></span>aintained at th<span class="_ _2"></span>e proper<span class="_ _2"></span> l<span class="ls10 ws39">evel<span class="_ _1"></span>,<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls7 ws16">and th<span class="_ _2"></span>e torque c<span class="_ _2"></span>an be </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y11a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">controlled<span class="_ _2"></span> to regul<span class="_ _2"></span>ate the s<span class="_ _2"></span>peed.<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"></span> </span></div><div class="c x11 y11b w18 h38"><div class="t m0 xa h2 y11c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">Fig 3. S<span class="_ _2"></span>eparated <span class="_ _2"></span>excitation<span class="_ _2"></span> DC m<span class="_ _2"></span>otor m<span class="_ _2"></span>odel, flux and t<span class="_ _2"></span>orque ar<span class="_ _2"></span>e indepe<span class="_ _2"></span>ndentl<span class="_ _2"></span>y controlled </div><div class="t m0 x48 h2 y11d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws9">and the cur<span class="_ _2"></span>rent thro<span class="_ _2"></span>ugh the<span class="_ _2"></span> rotor wind<span class="_ _2"></span>ings deter<span class="_ _2"></span>mines <span class="_ _2"></span>how m<span class="_ _2"></span>uch torque <span class="_ _2"></span>is produc<span class="_ _2"></span>ed.<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x14 y11e w19 h39"><div class="t m8 x49 h3a y11f ffb fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="_ _3a"></span>(</div><div class="t m8 x4a h3a y120 ffb fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">.<span class="_ _3b"></span>.</div><div class="t m8 x4b h3a y121 ffb fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">.<span class="_ _3b"></span>.</div><div class="t m9 x4c h3b y122 ffc fs15 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e</div><div class="t m9 xa h3b y123 ffc fs15 fc0 sc0 ls18 ws3a">em</div><div class="t m8 x20 h3c y124 ffc fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">I<span class="_ _3c"></span>f</div><div class="t m8 x4d h3c y125 ffc fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">K<span class="_ _3d"></span>E</div><div class="t m8 x4e h3c y126 ffc fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">I<span class="_ _14"></span>K<span class="_ _29"></span>T</div><div class="t m8 x4f h3d y124 ffa fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="_ _32"></span>Φ</div><div class="t m8 x49 h3d y125 ffa fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ω<span class="_ _35"></span>Φ<span class="_ _3e"></span>=</div><div class="t m8 x50 h3d y126 ffa fs14 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Φ<span class="_ _3e"></span>=</div></div><div class="c x51 y127 w1a h3e"><div class="t m7 x52 h36 y128 ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls16 ws3b">Inductor<span class="ls0 ws0"> <span class="ls19 ws3c">(field </span></span></div></div><div class="t m7 x24 h36 y129 ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls16 ws3b">excitation)<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div><div class="c x2e y12a w1a h3f"><div class="t m7 x53 h36 y12b ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls16 ws2f">Armature Circuit<span class="ls0 ws0"> </span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>