Delphi基础教程.rar_delphi使用教程_界面编程

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/base.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/fancy.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/raw.css"> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/compatibility.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script> <script> try{ pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({}); }catch(e){} </script> <title></title> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar" style="display: none"> <div id="outline"> </div> </div> <div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">I</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y4 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y5 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0">第 <span class="_ _0"></span>1 <span class="_ _0"></span>章 <span class="_ _1"> </span>Delphi <span class="_ _0"></span>集成开发环境</div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y6 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y8 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y9 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ya ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">教学提示：<span class="ff2 ls2">Delphi</span><span class="ls3">是一个集成开发环境，从程序<span class="_ _2"></span>设计、代码编译、调试，到最后形成发布 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls4 ws0">程序的全部工作都可以在这个集成环境中完成。为了帮助用<span class="ls0">户迅速高效地开发应用程序， </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yc ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws0">Delphi<span class="ff1 ls0">提供了许多功能强大的开发工具和丰富的菜单命令，<span class="_ _3"></span>本章将对<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span>集成环境中的各 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yd ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws0">个组成部分作一个概要的描述。 教学要求：<span class="_ _4"></span>在学习<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span><span class="ls0">之前，<span class="_ _4"></span>不仅要清楚<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span><span class="ls8">的总体</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">构成，<span class="_ _4"></span>了解<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span><span class="ls9">包括的工具，<span class="_ _4"></span>还 要熟悉<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span><span class="ls0">的集成环境。<span class="_ _5"></span>本章主要介绍<span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi</span>集成环境</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yf ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsa ws0">的一些基础知识。<span class="_ _5"></span>通过对本章的学 习，读者应该了解<span class="ff2 lsb ws1">Delphi </span><span class="ls3">主窗口及其组成，以及<span class="ff2 ls2">Delphi</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y10 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsc ws0">窗体窗口，熟练代码编辑器窗口使 用，熟悉对象查看器和<span class="_ _2"></span>项目管理器，掌握<span class="ff2 lsd">Delphi</span><span class="ls3">程序设</span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y11 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">计过程。 </div><div class="t m0 x3 h9 y12 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y13 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y14 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws2">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">是 </span><span class="lsf ws3">Bo<span class="_ _6"></span>rland<span class="_ _6"></span> <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">公司推出的基于 </span><span class="ls10 ws4">Obje<span class="_ _6"></span>ct Pa<span class="_ _6"></span>scal <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">语言的可视化集成开发工具。利用 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y15 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws0">Delphi <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">编程，<span class="_ _4"></span>可以快速、<span class="_ _2"></span>高效地开发出基于 <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 lsb">Windows <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">环境的各类程序，<span class="_ _4"></span>尤其在数据库、网 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y16 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">络和系统工具等开发方面，<span class="ff2 ls11">Delphi <span class="_ _8"></span></span>更是一个十分理想的软件开发平台。本书以 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls12 ws5">Delphi 7(<span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">以 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y17 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">下简称 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls13">Delphi)<span class="ff1 ls0">作为典型实例介绍。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y18 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws0">Delphi <span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">集成开发环境的界面分为 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls14">4 <span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">个部分，分别是主窗口、窗体窗口、代码编辑窗口 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y19 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">和对象查看器窗口，如图 <span class="ff2 ls15">1.<span class="_ _2"></span>1 <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff1 ls3">所示。除了这几个部分外，集成环境还有许多功能强大的工 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y1a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">具，如项目管理器、菜单设计器、集成调试器、对象浏览器、对象库和专家工具等。 </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y1b ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y1c ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x9 h5 y1d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">主窗口</div><div class="t m0 xa h5 y1e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y1f ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y20 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 hb y21 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h5 y22 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">窗体窗口</div><div class="t m0 xc h5 y23 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y24 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 hb y25 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 hc y26 ff1 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y27 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">看器窗口 </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y28 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">代</div><div class="t m0 xf h5 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">码 </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y2b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">编 </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y2c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">辑 </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y2d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">窗 </div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y2e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">口 </div><div class="t m0 x10 h6 y2f ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x10 h6 y30 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x10 h6 y31 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y32 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x10 hd y33 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff3 ls16 ws6">1.1 <span class="_ _7"> </span>Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">集成开发环境界面 </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> </body> </html>

<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x11 he y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff4 ls17">1 <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">章 <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17">Delphi <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">集成开发环境</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">2</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">2</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x12 h3 y37 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h3 y38 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x13 hf y39 ff2 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x14 h10 y3a ff3 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls18 ws7">1.1 Delphi </div><div class="t m1 x15 h11 y3a ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls19 ws0">主窗口</div><div class="t m0 x16 h11 y3a ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y3b ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 ha y3c ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y3d ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws0">Delphi <span class="_ _e"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">主窗口如图 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls15">1.2<span class="_ _2"></span> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">所示，由标题栏、菜单栏、工具栏和组件板组成，它是打开其 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y3e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">他窗口和退出 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 lsd">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0">集成环境主要界面。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h12 y3f ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y40 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x17 h5 y41 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">标题栏</div><div class="t m0 x18 h5 y42 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h13 y43 ff1 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y44 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y45 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x19 h5 y46 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">菜单栏</div><div class="t m0 x1a h5 y47 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h14 y48 ff1 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y49 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m2 x4 h5 y4a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">工具栏</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1b h5 y4c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">组件板</div><div class="t m0 x1c h5 y4b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 hc y4d ff1 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y4e ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x1d hd y4f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff3 ls1a ws8">1.2 <span class="_ _7"> </span>Delphi <span class="_ _f"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">主窗口 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h15 y50 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 y51 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.1.1 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">标题栏 </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h17 y52 ff1 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y53 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">主窗口顶部的水平长条<span class="_ _2"></span>称为标题栏<span class="_ _2"></span>，标题栏提供了两部分<span class="_ _2"></span>信息：<span class="ff2 ls5 ws9">"Delphi 7" </span>和项目文 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y54 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">件名。标题栏最左端是 <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 ls12">Delphi <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">开发程序的图标<span class="ff2">(</span>控制菜单<span class="ff2">)</span>和 <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 ls12">Delphi <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">开发程序版本；紧接着 </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y55 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1c ws0">是当前载入的项目文件名称。如果载入的是一个新建<span class="_ _2"></span>的项目，<span class="ff2 ls1d wsa">Delphi </span>会提供默认项目名 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y56 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">“<span class="ff2 lsd">Project1</span>”，标题栏就会显示“<span class="ff2 ls1e wsb">Delphi<span class="_ _2"></span> 7</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e h12 y57 ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">－</div><div class="t m0 x1f h7 y58 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1f ws0">Project1<span class="ff1 ls0">”。 </span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y59 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">当 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls20 wsc">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">环境处于不同的状态时，<span class="_ _11"></span>标题栏还会显示相应信息。<span class="_ _11"></span>标题栏右边有 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls14">3 <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">个按钮， </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y5a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">用于控制窗口的最小化<span class="_ _2"></span>、最大化和<span class="_ _2"></span>关闭。而标题栏最左侧<span class="_ _2"></span>的小图标是窗口控制<span class="_ _2"></span>菜单框，用 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y5b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">鼠标单击就可完成一些针对窗口的操作。 </div><div class="t m0 x12 h13 y5c ff1 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 y5d ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.1.2 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">菜单栏 </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h17 y5e ff1 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y5f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">标题栏的下面是菜单栏，<span class="_ _11"></span>它集成了 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls21">Delp<span class="_ _6"></span>hi <span class="ff1 ls0">的各项命令和工具，<span class="_ _11"></span>包括<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls22">File</span>】<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="ff1">文件</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _13"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls23">Edit</span><span class="ls8">】 </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y60 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff1">编辑</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls24">Search</span>】<span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="ff1">搜索</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 lsd">View</span>】<span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="ff1">视图</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 lsd">Project</span>】<span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="ff1">项目</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls25">Run</span>】<span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff2">(<span class="ff1">运行</span>)<span class="ff1">、<span class="_ _12"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls26">Com<span class="_ _2"></span>ponent<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">】 </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y61 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff1 ls27">组件</span>)<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls28">、【</span><span class="ls1b">Database</span><span class="ff1">】</span>(<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls28">数据库</span>)<span class="ff1 ls3">、【</span><span class="ls24">Tools</span><span class="ff1">】<span class="_ _6"></span></span>(<span class="ff1 ls27">工具</span>)<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls27">、【</span><span class="ls23">Window</span><span class="ff1">】</span>(<span class="ff1 ls28">窗口</span>)<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls27">、【</span><span class="lsd">Help</span><span class="ff1">】<span class="_ _6"></span></span>(<span class="ff1 ls27">帮助</span><span class="ls24">)11 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y62 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">项菜单，单击就可以激活它们，各项菜单的功能见表 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2">1<span class="ff1">-</span>1<span class="ff1 ls8">。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h18 y63 ff1 fse fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x20 hd y64 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">表 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff3">1<span class="ff1">-</span><span class="ls29 wsd">1 <span class="_ _7"> </span></span><span class="ff1">菜单功能一览表 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h18 y65 ff1 fse fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x21 hf y66 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">菜 <span class="_ _15"> </span>单<span class="ff2 fs8"> <span class="_ _16"> </span></span>功 <span class="_ _17"> </span>能<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y67 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y68 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2a ws0">File<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y69 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">含有新建、打开和保存 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff2 ls2b">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0">应用程序中各个项目和文件的命令<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y6a ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y6b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2c ws0">Edit<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y6c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">提供了编辑代码和窗体组件的各种命令，如删除、复制和粘贴等<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y6d ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y6e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2d ws0">Search<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">搜索、替换和定位字符串命令<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y70 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y71 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls22 ws0">View<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y72 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">打开 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff2 ls2e wse">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">环境各个窗口和项目中的窗体和单元文件等<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y73 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y74 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2f ws0">Project<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y75 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">管理、编译和配置项目文件<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y76 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y77 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls30 ws0">Run<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y78 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">调试应用程序，如设置断点、单步执行等<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x11 he y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff4 ls17">1 <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">章 <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17">Delphi <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">集成开发环境</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">3</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">3</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x12 h3 y37 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h3 y38 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x25 h2 y79 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff1">续</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x26 h2 y7a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h1a y7b ff2 fsf fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x21 hf y7c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">菜 <span class="_ _15"> </span>单<span class="ff2 fs8"> <span class="_ _16"> </span></span>功 <span class="_ _17"> </span>能<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y7d ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y7e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls30 ws0">Component<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y7f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用于建立和安装组件以及定制自己的组件板<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y80 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y81 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls31 ws0">Database<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y82 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">开发数据库应用程序的各种工具<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y83 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y84 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls32 ws0">Tools<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y85 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">包括 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff2 ls2e wse">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">环境设置和一些 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls33">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0">外挂工具<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y86 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y87 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2b ws0">Window<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y88 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">切换指定窗口为活动窗口<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h19 y89 ff2 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x23 hf y8a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls34 ws0">Help<span class="fs8 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hf y8b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">包括 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff2 ls2e wse">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">帮助文件<span class="ff2 fs8"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h1b y8c ff2 fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h3 y8d ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 y8e ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.1.3 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">工具栏 </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h12 y4b ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 y8f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">工具栏把一些常用的菜<span class="_ _2"></span>单命令以图<span class="_ _2"></span>标按钮的方式显示出来<span class="_ _2"></span>，以便于快速访问<span class="_ _2"></span>，除了组<span class="_ _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y90 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">件板外，共有 <span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff2 ls35">6 <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">个工具栏<span class="ff2">(</span>包括 <span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff2 ls35">20 <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">多个加速按钮<span class="ff2">)</span>，只要将鼠标指针在按钮上停留一下，就 </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y91 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">会弹出关于此按钮功能的提示。 </div><div class="t m0 x12 h1c y92 ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 y93 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.1.4 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">组件板 </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h17 y94 ff1 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y95 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">工具栏的右侧为组件板。组件板是 <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 lse wsf">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">的核心构件，因为 <span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 ls5 ws10">Delph<span class="_ _6"></span>i <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">的主要特点就是 </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y96 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">使用组件进行程序设计，所以必须掌握各种组件的功能和使用方法。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y97 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">组件板包括许多组件页，每个组件页又包含很多组件，图 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls36">1.2 <span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">中显示了 <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff2">Standard <span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff1 ls37">组件 </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y98 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">页包含的组件。<span class="ff2 lse">Delphi <span class="_ _18"> </span></span>共预定义了 <span class="ff2 ls15">30 <span class="_"> </span></span>多个组件<span class="_ _2"></span>页，一般情况下无法全部显示出来。可以 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y99 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">单击组件板右边的箭头来左右移动组件板的标签。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 y9a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">组件板用来选取要添加<span class="_ _2"></span>到窗体上的<span class="_ _2"></span>各种组件，每个组件页<span class="_ _2"></span>上有一排相关组<span class="_ _2"></span>件的图标<span class="_ _2"></span>， </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y9b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">选取要用的图标后，在窗体的某位置单击，就可以把它放置到窗体上。 </div><div class="t m0 x12 h1c y9c ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y9d ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x27 h10 y9e ff3 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls18 ws11">1.2 Delphi </div><div class="t m1 x28 h11 y9e ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls38 ws0">窗体窗口</div><div class="t m0 x29 h11 y9e ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h6 y9f ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h15 ya0 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 ya1 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">窗体窗口也称表单窗口<span class="_ _2"></span>。窗体窗口<span class="_ _2"></span>是用于设计应用程序的<span class="_ _2"></span>界面，在大多数<span class="_ _2"></span>情况下，<span class="_ _2"></span>窗 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 ya2 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">体是用户的主要操作对象。 </div><div class="t m0 x12 h1c ya3 ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 ya4 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.2.1 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">窗体窗口 </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h1d ya5 ff1 fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 ya6 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">窗体窗口的顶端水平条<span class="_ _2"></span>是窗体的标<span class="_ _2"></span>题栏，结构与主窗口的<span class="_ _2"></span>标题栏相似，由<span class="_ _2"></span>图标、窗<span class="_ _2"></span>体 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 ya7 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">名称和用于控制窗体的最小化、最大化、关闭按钮组成。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 ya8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">窗体窗口的标题栏显示了窗体的当前标题。一般新窗体将<span class="_ _6"></span>会用默认名字 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 lsa">Form1 <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">命名。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 ya9 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">当然，用户可以通过对象查看器设置窗体的标题等属性。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yaa ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">窗体也是窗口的设计界<span class="_ _2"></span>面，用户可<span class="_ _2"></span>以往窗体中添加各种组<span class="_ _2"></span>件，然后再对组<span class="_ _2"></span>件的属性<span class="_ _2"></span>进 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yab ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">行设置。这样使得整个应用程序的编辑过程可视化和易掌握。 </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x11 he y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff4 ls17">1 <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">章 <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17">Delphi <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">集成开发环境</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">4</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">4</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y37 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y38 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 yac ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.2.2 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">窗体文件</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a h8 yad ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h17 yae ff1 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yaf ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls27 ws0">每一个窗体都有相应的窗体文件<span class="ff2 lsb">(.DRM)</span>，<span class="_ _4"></span>它保存着窗体和窗体内各个组件的属性，<span class="_ _2"></span>而 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yb0 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">且每个窗体都有一个单元文件，<span class="_ _11"></span>用于编写窗体事件处理过程。<span class="_ _12"></span>窗体文件和单元文件被 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls39">Delphi </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yb1 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">自动保存在同一个目录下。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yb2 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">右击窗体网格工作区，<span class="_ _2"></span>会打开一个<span class="_ _2"></span>快捷菜单。该菜单包含<span class="_ _2"></span>了设计窗体时所<span class="_ _2"></span>需的各种<span class="_ _2"></span>常 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yb3 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用命令。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yb4 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">选择【<span class="ff2 ws12">View as Text</span>】命令即可看到以“<span class="ff2 ls3a">.DFM</span>”为扩展名的窗体文件。 <span class="ls3b">窗体文件列出</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yb5 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">了窗体的类名<span class="ff2 ls0">(TForm<span class="_ _2"></span>1)<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">以及窗体各属性的值，同时还列出了窗体中包括 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yb6 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">的组件以及组件的属性<span class="_ _2"></span>值。用户每<span class="_ _2"></span>修改一次窗体，窗体文<span class="_ _2"></span>件都会有所反应。当<span class="_ _2"></span>然，也可直</div><div class="t m0 x2b h8 yb7 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yb8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3c ws0">接通过修改窗体文件来设置属性，但太过复杂，很少采用。 在窗体文件空白处右击鼠标，</div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yb9 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">将打开一个快捷菜单，从中选择【<span class="ff2 ls22 ws13">View as Form<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">】命令， </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yba ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">即可恢复窗体的图形化显示。</div><div class="t m0 x2c h8 ybb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h1c ybc ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ybd ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2d h10 ybe ff3 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls3d ws0">1.3 </div><div class="t m1 x2e h11 ybe ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls3e ws0">代码编辑窗口</div><div class="t m0 xf h11 ybe ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ybf ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yc0 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yc1 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">窗体设计完成后，就要<span class="_ _2"></span>开始编辑代<span class="_ _2"></span>码来响应窗体及其组件<span class="_ _2"></span>的事件。代码编<span class="_ _2"></span>辑通常在<span class="_ _2"></span>代 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yc2 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">码编辑窗口进行。下面介绍代码编辑窗口以及如何进行代码编辑。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yc3 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">代码编辑窗口用来编写<span class="_ _2"></span>应用程序的<span class="_ _2"></span>代码。代码编辑窗口的<span class="_ _2"></span>标题栏显示当前单<span class="_ _2"></span>元文件的<span class="_ _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yc4 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">文件名，默认名为 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls6">Unit1.pas<span class="ff1 ls8">。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yc5 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">代码编辑窗口分为左右<span class="_ _2"></span>两部分：左<span class="_ _2"></span>边是单元浏览器窗口，<span class="_ _2"></span>右边是单元代码<span class="_ _2"></span>窗口。单<span class="_ _2"></span>元 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yc6 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">浏览器窗口以树形分支的形式列出了单元的构成，主要包括以下内容： </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yc7 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws14">(1) <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">单元使用的类<span class="ff2">(</span>如 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 lsb">TForm<span class="_ _2"></span>1)<span class="ff1 ls0">，在树形分支中是类的数据成员和过程成员；</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2f h8 yc8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yc9 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws15">(2) <span class="ff1 ls27 ws0">单元使用<span class="_ _6"></span>变量<span class="ff2 ls24">(Variables)</span>和常量<span class="ff2 ls3f">(Constants)</span><span class="ls40">，在树形分支中是单元中使用的变量和 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yca ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">常量； </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 ycb ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws14">(3) <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">单元链接的单元<span class="ff2 ls41">(Uses)</span>，在树形分支下是链接的单元名称。</span></div><div class="t m0 x30 h8 ycc ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 ycd ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">单元代码窗口即进行代<span class="_ _2"></span>码编辑的窗<span class="_ _2"></span>口。由于一个应用程序<span class="_ _2"></span>可以有多个单元<span class="_ _2"></span>文件，所<span class="_ _2"></span>以 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yce ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">单元代码窗口可以有多个选项卡，每个选项卡标明一个被打开的单元文件名。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 ycf ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">代码编辑窗口除了显示单元文件<span class="ff2 ls39">(.pas)</span>外，也可以显示当前项目的项目文件<span class="ff2 ls12">(.DPR)</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x31 h8 yd0 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yd1 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在启动 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls42 ws16">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">后代码编辑窗口通常被窗体覆盖，<span class="_ _4"></span>可以单击<span class="_ _9"></span>【<span class="ff2 lsd">View</span>】<span class="_ _19"></span>菜单中的<span class="_ _19"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls3f">Toggle</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2b h7 yd2 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yd3 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls43 ws0">Form/Unit<span class="ff1 ls0">】<span class="_ _9"></span>命令，<span class="_ _19"></span>或单击工具栏上的<span class="_ _4"></span>【<span class="ff2 ls3f ws17">Toggle Form<span class="_ _2"></span>/Unit<span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">】<span class="_ _19"></span>按钮，<span class="_ _19"></span>以切换代码编辑器窗口和 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yd4 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">窗体窗口。 </div><div class="t m0 x3 h13 yd5 ff1 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yd6 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x10 h10 yd7 ff3 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls3d ws0">1.4 </div><div class="t m1 x32 h11 yd7 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls3e ws0">对象查看器窗口</div><div class="t m0 x33 h11 yd7 ff1 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yd8 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yd9 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yda ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">窗体窗口的左侧为对象<span class="_ _2"></span>查看器窗口<span class="_ _2"></span>，它的功能是编辑设置<span class="_ _2"></span>窗体、组件的属性<span class="_ _2"></span>，并为窗<span class="_ _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 ydb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">体、组件添加事件的响应处理过程，如图 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls1d">1.3 <span class="ff1 ls0">所示。 </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>

<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/625d0a0992dc900e626d1ead/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x11 he y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff4 ls17">1 <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">章 <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff4 ls17">Delphi <span class="_ _d"></span><span class="ff1 ls3">集成开发环境</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">5</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">·<span class="ff2">5</span>·</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y37 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y38 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m2 x34 h5 ydc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls44 ws0">标题栏</div><div class="t m0 x35 h5 ydc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h1c yac ff1 fs11 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ydd ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m2 x1e h5 yde ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对象选择器</div><div class="t m0 x36 h5 ydf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ye0 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ye1 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2e h5 ye2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">属 </div><div class="t m2 x37 h5 ye2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">事</div><div class="t m0 x35 h5 ye3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x2e h5 ye4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">性 <span class="_ _1a"> </span>件 </div><div class="t m0 x2e h5 ye5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">标 <span class="_ _1a"> </span>标 </div><div class="t m0 x2e h5 ye6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">签 <span class="_ _1a"> </span>签 </div><div class="t m0 x3 h13 ye7 ff1 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ye8 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ye9 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yea ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x38 h2 yeb ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls45 ws18">(a) (b) </div><div class="t m0 x3 h1b yec ff2 fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x39 hd yed ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图 <span class="_ _c"></span><span class="ff3 ls46 ws19">1.3 <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">对象查看器窗口 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h1d yee ff1 fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 yef ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.4.1 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">对象查看器窗口的组成 </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h1d yf0 ff1 fs10 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yf1 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对象查看器窗口由标题栏、对象选择器、属性标签和事件标签组成。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yf2 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws14">(1) <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">标题栏：显示“</span><span class="ls22 ws13">Object Inspector<span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">”字样。 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yf3 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws1a">(2) <span class="ff1 ls27 ws0">对象选择器：为一个<span class="_ _6"></span>下拉列表框，列表框中是可供<span class="_ _6"></span>选择的窗体以及当前窗<span class="_ _6"></span>体上放 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yf4 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">置的所有组件。用户可从中选择要设置属性或要添加事件的窗体或组件。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yf5 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws14">(3) <span class="ff1 ls27 ws0">属性选项卡：即标签<span class="_ _6"></span>名为“<span class="ff2 lsd">Properties</span>”的选项卡，用于设置当前组件的属性，它 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yf6 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">随对象选择器中的所选组件而发生变化。<span class="_ _14"></span>属性选项卡是一个两列的表格，<span class="_ _5"></span>左列是属性标题， </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yf7 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">右列是属性值。只有选择了属性标题，才可以设置属性值。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 yf8 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws1a">(4) <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">事件选项卡：<span class="_ _19"></span>即标<span class="_ _6"></span>签名为<span class="_ _19"></span>“<span class="ff2 ls47">Events</span><span class="ls48">”<span class="_ _4"></span>的选项卡，<span class="_ _4"></span>用于为当前组件添加各种响应事件 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 yf9 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff1 ls28">如单<span class="_ _6"></span>击、拖曳事件等<span class="_ _6"></span></span>)<span class="ff1 ls49">，也随对象选择器中的所选组件而发生变化<span class="_ _2"></span>。事件选项卡同样为一 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yfa ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls27 ws0">个两列的表格，左列是事件名称，右列<span class="_ _6"></span>是事件处理过程，默认时事件的处理过程为空<span class="_ _6"></span>，在 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 yfb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">空格处双击则可以为当前组件添加事件，并进入代码编辑窗口。 </div><div class="t m0 x3 h13 yfc ff1 fsb fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h16 yfd ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws0">1.4.2 <span class="_ _10"> </span><span class="ff1 ls0">设置属性 </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h17 yfe ff1 fsd fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 yff ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls37 ws0">从窗<span class="_ _6"></span>体上选择组<span class="_ _6"></span>件，<span class="_ _4"></span>或从对象选择器中选择窗体或组件，<span class="_ _2"></span>使之成为当前组件后，<span class="_ _4"></span>就可以 </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y100 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls37 ws0">用对象查看器窗口中的属性选项卡来设置属<span class="_ _2"></span>性了。根据属性标题的情况，设置属性可分为 <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ff2 ls35">4 </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y101 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">种情<span class="_ _4"></span>况。 </div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 y102 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">第一种情况是单击属性标题后，直<span class="_ _2"></span>接在属性值编辑框中输<span class="_ _2"></span>入属性的数值或字符串<span class="_ _2"></span>，如</div><div class="t m0 x2b h8 y103 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y104 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls4a ws0">Name<span class="ff1 ls0">、</span><span class="ls25">Caption<span class="ff1 ls0">、</span><span class="ls3f">Left<span class="ff1 ls0">、</span><span class="ls4b">Top <span class="ff1 ls0">等属性，如图 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 lse">1.4(a)<span class="ff1 ls0">所示<span class="_ _2"></span>。 </span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h14 y105 ff1 fsc fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y106 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">注意：<span class="_ _5"></span>如果输入的属性值不符合要求，<span class="_ _9"></span>例如，<span class="_ _5"></span>在应输入数值的属性中输入了字符串，<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2 ls6">Delphi </span></div><div class="t m0 x3a h8 y107 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">将给出错误信息。</div><div class="t m0 x3b h8 y108 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h12 y109 ff1 fsa fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x8 h7 y10a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第二种情况是属性值由 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 ls39 ws1b">Delphi <span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">提供可选项。<span class="_ _9"></span>这时，<span class="_ _9"></span>用鼠标单击属性标题后，<span class="_ _9"></span>属性值马 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h8 y10b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls28 ws0">上变成一个下拉列表框。用户可单击下拉按钮打开列表<span class="_ _2"></span>框，从中选择所需的属性值。可选<span class="_ _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y10c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws0">项分两种，一种是文字可选项，如 <span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff2 lse ws1c">Border Style<span class="ff1 ls0 ws0">、<span class="ff2 ls4c">Enabled <span class="_ _e"></span></span><span class="ls3">等属性；另一种是图形加文字形 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y10d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">式的可选项，如 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls4d">Color<span class="ff1 ls0">、</span><span class="lse">Cursor <span class="ff1 ls0">等属性。图 <span class="_ _a"></span><span class="ff2 ls4e">1.4(b)<span class="_ _2"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">、<span class="ff2 ls4f">(c)</span>显示了这两种可选项的属性值形式。 </span></span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611639,0.000000,0.000000,1.611639,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>