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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/62503b6e74bc5c01055d0866/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2017/10/15<span class="_ _0"> </span>NI LabVIEW Communications 802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff2">应用架构</span> - National Instruments</div><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">http://www<span class="_ _1"></span>.ni.com/product-documentation/52533/zhs/<span class="_ _2"> </span>1/10</div><div class="c x2 y3 w2 h4"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">NI LabVIEW Communications 802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff4">应用架构</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y5 ff5 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">发布日期<span class="ff1">: </span>三月<span class="ff1"> 18, 2015</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h7 y6 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">概览</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y7 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构</span> (http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/en/nid/213084)<span class="ff5">根据</span>IEEE 802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">无线标准，提供了立即可用、方便修改</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y8 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的实时正交频分复用<span class="ff1">(OFDM)</span>物理层<span class="ff1">(PHY)</span>和底层媒体访问控制层<span class="ff1">(MAC)</span>参考设计。<span class="ff1"> 802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构包含于</span>LabVIEW</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y9 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Communications<span class="ff5">系统设计套件</span> (http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/zhs/nid/212962)(<span class="ff5">简称</span> LabVIEW Communications)<span class="ff5">中。</span> </div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 ya ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这个架构提供了良好的开发起点，帮助研究人员探索全新的算法和架构来支持大幅增长的端点数量、发明新波形来调制<span class="ff1">/</span>解调信</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 yb ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">号或寻找全新的多天线架构来充分运用无线媒介的自由度，进而找到改良<span class="ff1">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">标准的方式。</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h7 yc ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">目录</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 yd ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. <span class="ff5">范围和标准遵循</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 ye ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2. <span class="ff5">实现概述</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 yf ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3. FPGA<span class="ff5">实现</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y10 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4. <span class="ff5">主机实现</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y11 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5. <span class="ff5">结论</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y12 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6. <span class="ff5">缩略词表</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y13 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7. <span class="ff5">下一步</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y14 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构包含了使用</span>LabVIEW Communications<span class="ff5">开发的</span>PHY<span class="ff5">块和</span>MAC<span class="ff5">块。</span> <span class="ff5">该框架搭载了强大的</span>Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA<span class="ff5">平台</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y15 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">与<span class="ff1">Intel x64</span>通用处理器，这两者皆可紧密集成<span class="ff1">NI</span>软件无线电<span class="ff1">(SDR)</span>硬件的<span class="ff1">RF</span>和模拟前端装置。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y16 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">我们完全重新设计了这个框架，使用户可以轻松对其进行修改，同时遵循<span class="ff1">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">标准的主要规范。</span> <span class="ff5">这种设计可让无线研究人员</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y17 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">根据<span class="ff1">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">标准快速搭建实时原型开发实验室并开始运行。</span> <span class="ff5">他们还可以专心改良特定的系统项目、轻松修改设计以及将其创新</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y18 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">与现有标准进行比较。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h9 y19 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. <span class="ff4">范围和标准遵循</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构提供了单个站点的功能，包含接收</span>(RX)<span class="ff5">与发射</span>(TX)<span class="ff5">功能，并使用</span>OFDM<span class="ff5">作为核心数字调制机制。</span> OFDM<span class="ff5">适用于</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1b ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">复杂度低的多功能<span class="ff1">PHY</span>实现，并且可减缓宽频无线信道的离散效应。<span class="ff1"> OFDM</span>采用快速傅立叶变换<span class="ff1">(FFT)</span>和快速傅立叶逆变换</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(IFFT)<span class="ff5">来实现发射机与接收机的频域</span>PHY<span class="ff5">处理。</span> <span class="ff5">通过在频域上处理数据，</span>OFDM<span class="ff5">可有效地让</span>PHY<span class="ff5">通过通信频谱的平行窄频区段</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1d ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">来传输数据。<span class="ff1"> </span>由于减缓信道离散只需要针对每个区段进行一次数学运算，所以通过窄频区段来执行数据传输是相当理想的做</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1e ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">法。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y1f ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以下各部分介绍了所提供的<span class="ff1">PHY</span>与底层<span class="ff1">MAC</span>功能以及所遵循的<span class="ff1">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">标准。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h9 y20 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 1.1 PHY<span class="ff4">层</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y21 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构提供了下列</span>PHY<span class="ff5">发射机功能：</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y22 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">加密</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y23 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">卷积编码和位交织</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y24 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">导频序列生成</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y25 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">BPSK/QAM<span class="ff5">星座映射器</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y26 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信号字段生成</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y27 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过<span class="ff1">IFFT</span>生成<span class="ff1">OFDM</span>码元</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y28 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">循环前缀<span class="ff1">(CP)</span>插入</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y29 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">前导码字段补充</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y2a ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">为接收机端提供了特定函数对应的补充功能：</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y2b ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">数据包检测</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y2c ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">时间和频率同步</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y2d ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">自动增益控制</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y2e ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信号字段检测</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y2f ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">循环前缀去除</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y30 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过<span class="ff1">FFT</span>解调<span class="ff1">OFDM</span>码元</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y31 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信道估算和迫零均衡</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y32 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">BPSK/QAM<span class="ff5">解调</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y33 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">基于维特比译码器的卷积译码（包括分选）</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y34 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">解密</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y35 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">802.1<span class="_ _1"></span>1<span class="ff5">应用架构可支持</span>IEEE<span class="ff5">标准所规定的不同</span>OFDM<span class="ff5">配置。</span> <span class="ff5">版本</span>1.0<span class="ff5">可支持</span>20 MHz a/g<span class="ff5">和</span>20 MHz n/ac<span class="ff5">这两种副载波格式，具体</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y36 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">特性如下：</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y37 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">系统带宽<span class="ff1">: 20 MHz</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y38 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">副载波频宽：<span class="ff1"> </span>每个副载波<span class="ff1">(</span>窄频区段<span class="ff1">)</span>占用<span class="ff1">312.5 kHz</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y39 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">副载波分配</div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 y3a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz a/g<span class="ff5">：</span> <span class="ff5">分配</span>53<span class="ff5">个连续副载波</span>(<span class="ff5">载波频率的中央</span>(<span class="ff5">第</span>27<span class="ff5">个</span>)<span class="ff5">副载波</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 y3b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz n/ac<span class="ff5">：</span> <span class="ff5">分配</span>57<span class="ff5">个连续副载波</span>(<span class="ff5">载波频率的中央</span>(<span class="ff5">第</span>29)<span class="ff5">副载波</span>)</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y3c ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">零位中央副载波：<span class="ff1"> </span>中央副载波通过归零可避免本地振荡器出现基带馈通。</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y3d ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">导频副载波可允许接收机补偿残留的频率同步失配和相位漂移：</div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 y3e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz a/g<span class="ff5">：</span> 53<span class="ff5">个副载波中有</span>4<span class="ff5">个是导频副载波</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 y3f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz n/ac<span class="ff5">：</span> 57<span class="ff5">个副载波中有</span>4<span class="ff5">个是导频副载波</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y40 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">发射机每个<span class="ff1">IFFT</span>输出字段前面都会有<span class="ff1">800 ns</span>的循环前缀，可保留接收器端的循环卷积，避免码元之间相互干扰</div><div class="t m0 x3 h8 y41 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">所以每个<span class="ff1">OFDM</span>码元可用来传输数据的副载波数量如下：</div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y42 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz a/g<span class="ff5">：</span> 48<span class="ff5">个副载波</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h8 y43 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20 MHz n/ac<span class="ff5">：</span> 52<span class="ff5">个副载波</span></div></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a 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NI LabVIEW Communications 802.rar
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一篇在labview下通过数据采集卡以及ni-scope组件实现802.11应用开发模块的详细介绍，包含了使用LabVIEW Communications开发的PHY块和MAC块。
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