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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/624fd60174bc5c0105541d0c/bg1.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Art Kay and Tim Green, Editors</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">Analog Engineer’<span class="_ _0"></span>s</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y3 ff3 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls1 ws0">Pocket Reference</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y4 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Download e-book at </div><div class="t m0 x4 h6 y5 ff4 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">www<span class="_ _1"></span>.ti.com/analogrefguid<span class="fs4">e</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.217320,0.000000,0.000000,2.217320,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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<div id="pf2" class="pf w2 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w2 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w3 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/624fd60174bc5c0105541d0c/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y6 ff5 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">T<span class="_ _1"></span>exas Instruments Analog Engineer's Pocket Reference<span class="ff6 fs6 fc2 ws0"> <span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff7">3</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h8 y7 ff8 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2">Analog Engineer’<span class="_ _1"></span>s Pocket Refer<span class="_ _3"></span>ence</div><div class="t m0 x7 h9 y8 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Fifth Edition </div><div class="t m0 x8 h9 y9 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Edited by:</div><div class="t m0 x9 h9 ya ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Art Kay and <span class="_ _3"></span>Tim Green</div><div class="t m0 xa h9 yb ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Special thanks for technical contribution and review:</div><div class="t m0 xb h9 yc ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Kevin Duke</div><div class="t m0 xc h9 yd ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Rafael Ordonez</div><div class="t m0 xd h9 ye ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">John Caldwell</div><div class="t m0 xb h9 yf ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws4">Collin Wells</div><div class="t m0 x7 h9 y10 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws4">Ian Williams</div><div class="t m0 xe h9 y11 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Thomas Kuehl</div><div class="t m0 xb h9 y12 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Pete Semig</div><div class="t m0 xf h9 y13 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Abhijeet Godbole</div><div class="t m0 x10 h9 y14 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">Ravi Singh </div><div class="t m0 x7 h9 y15 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws4">David Wang</div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y16 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">© Copyright 2019 <span class="_ _3"></span>T<span class="_ _1"></span>exas Instruments Incorporated. <span class="_ _1"></span>All rights reser<span class="_ _4"></span>ved.</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.217320,0.000000,0.000000,2.217320,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf3" class="pf w2 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w2 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w3 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/624fd60174bc5c0105541d0c/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x12 hb y6 ff7 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="ff6 fs6"> <span class="_ _5"> </span></span><span class="ff5 fc0 ws1">T<span class="_ _1"></span>exas Instruments Analog Engineer's Pocket Reference</span></div><div class="t m0 x13 hc y17 ff9 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws5">Message from the editors:</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y18 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">This pocket reference is intended as a valuable quick guide for often used board- and system-level design </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y19 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">formulae.<span class="_ _3"></span> This collection of formulae is based on a combined 50 years of analog board- and system-level </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y1a ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">expertise.<span class="_ _3"></span> Much of the material herein was referred to over the years via a folder stuffed full of printouts. </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y1b ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Those worn pages have been organized and the information is now available via this guide in a bound and </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y1c ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">hard-to-lose format! </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y1d ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Here is a brief overview of the key areas included:</div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y1e ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Key constants and conversions</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y1f ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Discrete components</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y20 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">AC and DC analog equations</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y21 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Op amp basic configurations</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 ha y22 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">OP amp bandwidth and stability </span></div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y23 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">We hope you find this collection of formulae as useful as we have.<span class="_ _1"></span> Please send any comments and/or </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y24 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">ideas you have for the next edition of the <span class="ffa">Analog Engineer's Pocket Reference</span> to <span class="ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y25 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">artkay_timgreen@list.ti.com</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y26 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Additional resources to explore: </div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y27 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">TI Precision Labs </div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y28 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/precisionlabs</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y29 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ws1">On-demand courses and tutorials ranging from <span class="_ _8"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y2a ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws1">introductory to advanced concepts that focus on </div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y2b ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws1">application-specific problem solving</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y2c ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Hands-on labs and evaluation modules (EVM) </span></div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y2d ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws7"> <span class="_ _a"></span>available <span class="_ _b"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y2e ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span>- <span class="_ _3"></span>TIPL Op Amps experimentation platform,<span class="_ _1"></span> <span class="_ _d"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y2f ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span> ti.com/TIPL-amp-evm - <span class="_ _3"></span>TIPL SAR ADC <span class="_ _e"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y30 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1"> <span class="_ _c"> </span> experimentation platform,<span class="_ _3"></span> ti.com/TIPL-adc-evm</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y31 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Analog Engineer’<span class="_ _3"></span>s Circuit Cookbooks</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y32 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">ti.com/circuitcookbooks</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y33 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Simplify and speed system design with </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y34 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">comprehensive library of sub-circuit</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y35 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Step-by-step instructions,<span class="_ _3"></span> basic formulas, </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y36 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">schematic diagrams and SPICE simulations</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y37 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">The Signal e-book </div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y38 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/signalbook</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y39 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Short,<span class="_ _3"></span> bite-sized lessons on on op-amp design <span class="_ _f"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y3a ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">topics,<span class="_ _3"></span> such as offset</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y3b ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Analog Wire Blog </div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y3c ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/analogwire</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y3d ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">T<span class="_ _1"></span>echnical blogs written by analog experts that </span></div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y3e ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">include tips,<span class="_ _3"></span> tricks and design techniques</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y3f ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">TI Designs</div><div class="t m0 x14 hd y40 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/tidesigns</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y41 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Ready-to-use reference designs with theory<span class="_ _3"></span>, <span class="_ _10"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y42 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">calculations,<span class="_ _3"></span> simulations schematics, PCB files and </div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y43 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">bench test results</div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y44 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Overview of sensors</span></div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y45 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">PCB trace R,<span class="_ _3"></span> L, C</span></div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y46 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Wire L,<span class="_ _3"></span> R, C </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y47 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">Binary<span class="_ _3"></span>, hex and decimal formats</span></div><div class="t m0 x7 ha y48 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">• <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ws1">A/D and D/A conversions</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y49 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">DIY Amplifier Circuit Evaluation Module </div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y4a ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">(DIY<span class="_ _1"></span>AMP-EVM)</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y4b ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">ti.com/DIY<span class="_ _1"></span>AMP-EVM</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y4c ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Single-channel circuit evaluation module </span></div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y4d ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">providing SC70,<span class="_ _3"></span> SOT23 and SOIC package </div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y4e ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">options in 12 popular amplifier configurations</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y4f ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Dual-Channel DIY Amplifier Circuit Evaluation </div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y50 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Module (DUAL-DIY<span class="_ _1"></span>AMP-EVM) </div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y51 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/dual-diyamp-evm</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y52 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Dual-channel circuit evaluation module in an </span></div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y53 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">SOIC-8 package with 10 popular amplifier </div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y54 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">configurations</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y55 ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">TINA-TI simulation software</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y56 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/tool/tina-ti</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y57 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Complete SPICE simulator for DC,<span class="_ _3"></span> AC,<span class="_ _1"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y58 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">transient and noise analysis</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y59 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Includes schematic entry and post- </span></div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y5a ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">processor for waveform math</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y5b ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">Analog Engineer’<span class="_ _3"></span>s Calculator</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y5c ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/analogcalc</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y5d ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">ADC and amplifier design tools,<span class="_ _3"></span> noise and </span></div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y5e ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">stability analysis,<span class="_ _3"></span> PCB and sensor tools</div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y5f ffb fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws1">TI E2E™ Community </div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y60 ffb fs5 fc4 sc0 ls2 ws6">ti.com/e2e</div><div class="t m0 x17 ha y61 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls2 ws6">• <span class="_ _7"> </span><span class="ls0 ws1">Support forums for all <span class="_ _3"></span>TI products</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.217320,0.000000,0.000000,2.217320,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w2 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w2 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w3 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/624fd60174bc5c0105541d0c/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x19 h5 y62 ffc fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Contents</div><div class="t m0 x5 hb y6 ff5 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">T<span class="_ _1"></span>exas Instruments Analog Engineer's Pocket Reference<span class="ff6 fs6 fc2 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff7 fs5">5</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y63 ff7 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Conversions <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls3 ws8">................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>7</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y64 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Physical constants / Standard decimal pr<span class="_ _3"></span>efixes<span class="ls4 ws9"> .................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>8</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y65 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Metric conversions <span class="ls4 wsa"> .......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>9</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y66 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>emperature conversions <span class="ls4 wsb"> .................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>10</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y67 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Error conversions (ppm and per<span class="_ _3"></span>centage) <span class="ls4 wsc"> .....................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>11</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y68 ff7 fs6 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">Discrete components <span class="ls3 wsd"> .......................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>13</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y69 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resistor color code <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">......................................................<span class="_"> </span></span>14</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6a ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Standard r<span class="_ _3"></span>esistor values <span class="ls4 wsf"> ..................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>15</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6b ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Practical capacitor model and specifications <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">..................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>16</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6c ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Practical capacitors vs frequency<span class="ls4 ws10"> ...........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>17</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6d ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capacitor type overview <span class="ls4 ws11"> ..................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>18</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6e ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Standard capacitance values / Capacitance marking and tolerance <span class="ls4 ws12"> ................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>19</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y6f ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Diodes and LEDs <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>20</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y70 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bipolar junction transistors (BJT)<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">............................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>21</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y71 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Junction field effect transistors (JET)<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>22</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y72 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET)<span class="ls4 wse">.......................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>24</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y73 ff7 fs6 fc6 sc0 ls0 ws0">Analog <span class="ls3 ws8">....................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>27</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y74 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resistor equations / Ohm’<span class="_ _1"></span>s law and voltage divider equation<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">......................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>28</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y75 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Power equations<span class="ls4 wse">.........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>29</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y76 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capacitor equations<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>30</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y77 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Inductor equations<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>31</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y78 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Equation for charging an RC cir<span class="_ _3"></span>cuit<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">..........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>32</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y79 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Equation for discharging an RC cir<span class="_ _3"></span>cuit<span class="ls4 wse">........................................<span class="_"> </span></span>33</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7a ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capacitor with constant current sour<span class="_ _3"></span>ce<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>34</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7b ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">RMS and mean voltage<span class="ls4 ws13"> ...................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>35</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7c ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Logarithmic mathematical definitions / Alternative notations<span class="ls4 ws14"> ......................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>38</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7d ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">dB definitions<span class="_"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">...........................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>39</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7e ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Log scale<span class="ls4 ws15"> ..............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>40</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y7f ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Time to phase shift<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>41</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y80 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bode plots: Poles<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>42</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y81 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Pole (equations)<span class="ls4 ws16"> .........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>43</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y82 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bode plots (zeros)<span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>44</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y83 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Zero (equations)<span class="ls4 ws17"> .........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>45</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y84 ff7 fs6 fc7 sc0 ls0 ws0">Amplifier <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls3 ws8">..................................................<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>47</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y85 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Basic op amp configurations<span class="_"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">...............................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>48</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y86 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Simple non-inverting amp with C</div><div class="t m0 x1a hf y87 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">f</div><div class="t m0 x1b he y86 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"> filter<span class="ls4 ws10"> .......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>51</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y88 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Simple inverting amp with C</div><div class="t m0 x1c hf y89 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">f</div><div class="t m0 x1d he y88 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"> filter<span class="ls4 ws18"> ...........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>52</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8a ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Differ<span class="_ _3"></span>ential filter cutoff<span class="ls4 ws19"> ....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>53</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8b ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Calculating amplifier offset voltage<span class="ls4 ws1a"> ..........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>54</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8c ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Op amp bandwidth<span class="ls4 wse">.......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>55</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8d ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Small signal step response<span class="ls4 ws1b"> ................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>56</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8e ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Full power bandwidth<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>57</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y8f ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Large signal r<span class="_ _3"></span>esponse (slew rate)<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>58</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y90 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Settling time<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>59</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y91 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Combining noise sources / A<span class="_ _3"></span>veraging noise sources<span class="ls4 ws1c"> ............................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>60</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y92 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Noise bandwidth calculation<span class="ls4 ws1d"> ...............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>61</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y93 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">1/f total noise calculation<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">..................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>62</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y94 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Thermal noise calculations<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>63</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y95 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Op amp noise model<span class="ls4 ws1e"> .....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>64</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y96 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>otal noise calculations<span class="ls4 ws1f"> ...................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>65</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y97 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">AC response versus fr<span class="_ _3"></span>equency (dominant 2-pole system)<span class="ls4 wse">.........................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>66</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y98 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _1"></span>ransient overshoot (dominant 2-pole system)<span class="ls4 ws20"> .................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>67</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y99 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Stability open loop SPICE analysis<span class="ls4 ws21"> ..........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>68</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y9a ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Stability transient square wave lab test<span class="ls4 ws22"> .......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>70</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y9b ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Stability AC sine wave lab test<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">..............................................<span class="_"> </span></span>71</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y9c ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Power dissipation calculation<span class="ls4 wse">...............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>72</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y9d ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Electrical overstress (EOS) pr<span class="_ _3"></span>otection<span class="ls4 ws23"> ........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>74</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y9e ff7 fs6 fc8 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB and wire<span class="fc9"> <span class="_ _11"> </span></span><span class="ls3 ws8">..............................................<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>77</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y9f ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB printed circuit boar<span class="_ _3"></span>d conductor spacing <span class="ls4 wse">..................................<span class="_"> </span></span>78</div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Self-heating of PCB conductors on inner layers <span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>79</div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya1 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB trace resistance<span class="ls4 ws24"> .....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>80</div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya2 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB trace resistance for 1 oz-Cu<span class="ls4 wse">............................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>81</div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB trace resistance for 2 oz-Cu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <span class="_ _6"> </span>82</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya4 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Common package types and dimensions <span class="ls4 wse">.....................................<span class="_"> </span></span>83<span class="ff7 fs6"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB parallel plate capacitance <span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.............................................<span class="_"> </span></span>84</div><div class="t m0 x5 he ya6 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB microstrip capacitance and inductance<span class="ls4 wse">...................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>85</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.217320,0.000000,0.000000,2.217320,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w2 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w2 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w3 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/624fd60174bc5c0105541d0c/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x12 hb y6 ff7 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">6<span class="ff6 fs6"> <span class="_ _5"> </span></span><span class="ff5 fc0 ws1">T<span class="_ _1"></span>exas Instruments Analog Engineer's Pocket Reference</span></div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 ya7 ff7 fs6 fc8 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB and wire (cont.)</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ya8 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB adjacent copper traces<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">...............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>86</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ya9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PCB via capacitance and inductance <span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>87</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yaa ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Coaxial cable information <span class="ls4 ws25"> .................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>88</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yab ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Coaxial cable equations <span class="ls4 ws26"> ..................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>89</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yac ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resistance per length for differ<span class="_ _3"></span>ent wire types (AWG) <span class="ls4 ws27"> ............................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>90</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yad ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Maximum current for wir<span class="_ _3"></span>e types <span class="ls4 ws28"> ............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>91</div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 yae ff7 fs6 fca sc0 ls0 ws0">Sensor <span class="ls3 ws29"> ...................................................<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>93</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yaf ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>emperature sensor overview<span class="ls4 ws2a"> ..............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>94</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">IC temperature sensor overview<span class="ls4 ws2b"> ............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>95</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb1 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">RTD equation temperatur<span class="_ _3"></span>e to resistance (T>=0C and T<0C)<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>96</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb2 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">RTD equation r<span class="_ _3"></span>esistance to temperature (T<0C or Rrtd<R0)<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>97</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Diode equation vs temperature<span class="ls4 ws2c"> .............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>98</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb4 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Diode voltage versus temperature<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">...........................................<span class="_"> </span></span>99</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>ype J thermocouples translating temperature to voltage (ITS-90 standard)<span class="ls4 ws2d"> .........<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>100</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb6 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>ype J thermocouples translating voltage to temperature (ITS-90 standard)<span class="ls4 ws2d"> .........<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>101</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>ype K thermocouples translating temperature to voltage (ITS-90 standard)<span class="ls4 ws2e"> .........<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>102</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb8 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>ype K thermocouples translating voltage to temperature (ITS-90 standard)<span class="ls4 ws2e"> .........<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>103</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yb9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Thermistor: Resistance to temperature, Steinhart-Hart equation <span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">..................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>104</div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 yba ff7 fs6 fcb sc0 ls0 ws0">Digital<span class="ls3 ws8">....................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>105</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ybb ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Numbering systems: binary<span class="_ _1"></span>, decimal and hexadecimal<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">..........................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>106</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ybc ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Data formats<span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls4 wse">...........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>108</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ybd ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Digital logic thresholds<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">...................................................<span class="_"> </span></span>109</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ybe ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">CMOS logic thresholds<span class="ls4 ws2f"> ..................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>110</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ybf ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">SPI (Serial peripheral interface) hardwar<span class="_ _3"></span>e overview<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.............................<span class="_"> </span></span>111</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">SPI data latching<span class="ls4 ws30"> .......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>112</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc1 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">SPI critical edge<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>113</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc2 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">SPI modes<span class="ls4 ws1e"> ............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>114</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x14 hf yc4 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1e he yc3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">C bus (Inter<span class="_ _1"></span>-integrated circuit) hardware overview<span class="ls4 ws31"> ............................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>115</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x14 hf yc6 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1e he yc5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">C addressing<span class="ls4 ws32"> .........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>116</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x14 hf yc8 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1e he yc7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">C communication <span class="ls4 ws33"> .....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>117</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yc9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x14 hf yca ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1e he yc9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">C setup, hold and rising timing<span class="ls4 ws34"> ...........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>119</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ycb ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x14 hf ycc ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div><div class="t m0 x1e he ycb ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">C pull-up resistor selection<span class="ls4 ws35"> ..............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>120</div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 ycd ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADC <span class="_ _4"></span><span class="ls3 ws8">.....................................................<span class="_ _6"> </span></span>121</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yce ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADC definitions<span class="ls4 wse">.........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>122</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ycf ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADC resolution for unipolar <span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">...............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>123</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADC resolution for bipolar <span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>124</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd1 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resolution voltage vs. full-scale range<span class="ls4 wse">.......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>125</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd2 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Quantization error of ADC<span class="ls4 ws36"> ................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>126</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from quantization noise only <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">........................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>127</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd4 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>otal harmonic distortion (V</div><div class="t m0 x1f hf yd5 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">RMS</div><div class="t m0 x20 he yd4 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">) <span class="ls4 ws37"> ...........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>128</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd6 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>otal harmonic distortion (dBc) <span class="_"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>129</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ac signals<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>130</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd8 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Dc signals<span class="_ _13"></span><span class="ls4 wse">.............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>131</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yd9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Settling time and conversion accuracy<span class="ls4 ws20"> ......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>132</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yda ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADC system noise calculation<span class="ls4 ws28"> .............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>134</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ydb ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Effect of clock jitter on ADC SNR<span class="ls4 wse">...........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>135</div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 ydc ff7 fs6 fcc sc0 ls0 ws0">DAC<span class="ls3 ws38"> .....................................................<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>137</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ydd ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">DAC definitionas<span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_"> </span></span>138</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yde ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">DAC errors<span class="ls4 ws39"> ............................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>139</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ydf ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">DAC non-linearity<span class="_ _6"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.......................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>144</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">DAC total unadjusted error<span class="ls4 wse">................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>146</div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 ye1 ff7 fs6 fcd sc0 ls0 ws0">Multiplexer<span class="ls3 ws3a"> ...............................................<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>147</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye2 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">CMOS switch construction<span class="ls4 ws3b"> ...............................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>148</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON-resistance (R</div><div class="t m0 x21 hf ye4 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON</div><div class="t m0 x22 he ye3 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">.....................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>149</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">R</div><div class="t m0 x1e hf ye6 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON</div><div class="t m0 x23 he ye5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"> flatness / Effective op amp gain including MUX R</div><div class="t m0 x18 hf ye6 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON</div><div class="t m0 x24 he ye5 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls4 ws3c"> ........................<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0">150</span></div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON and OFF capacitance (C</div><div class="t m0 x25 hf ye8 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ON</div><div class="t m0 x26 he ye7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">/C</div><div class="t m0 x27 hf ye8 ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">OFF</div><div class="t m0 x1c he ye7 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="ls4 ws2f"> .......................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>152</div><div class="t m0 x12 he ye9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">MUX settling time with C</div><div class="t m0 x28 hf yea ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">LOAD</div><div class="t m0 x29 he ye9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"> and R</div><div class="t m0 x2a hf yea ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">LOAD</div><div class="t m0 x2b he ye9 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls4 wse">.....................................<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls0 ws0">153</span></div><div class="t m0 x12 he yeb ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Leakage current<span class="ls4 ws3d"> ........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>154</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yec ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Charge injection<span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ls4 wse">........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>155</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yed ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bandwidth (BW)<span class="ls4 ws3e"> ........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>156</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yee ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Channel-to-channel crosstalk(X</div><div class="t m0 x2c hf yef ffd fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _1"></span>ALK</div><div class="t m0 x2d he yee ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">)<span class="ls4 ws3f"> ........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>157</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yf0 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">OFF-isolation<span class="ls4 ws40"> ..........................................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>158</div><div class="t m0 x12 he yf1 ffd fs7 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">T<span class="_ _8"></span>otal harmonic distortion plus noise<span class="ls4 wse">.........................................<span class="_ _11"> </span></span>159</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.217320,0.000000,0.000000,2.217320,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
