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</span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">By:<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">Dr<span class="_ _1"></span>.<span class="_ _3"> </span>LOUNNAS<span class="_"> </span>Bilal</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Information<span class="_"> </span>retrieval<span class="_"> </span>(IR)<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)<span class="_ _4"> </span>Dr<span class="_"> </span>B.<span class="_"> </span>Lounnas</div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d 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h6 y8 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">Inde<span class="_ _1"></span>xing<span class="_ _5"> </span>is<span class="_ _5"> </span>an<span class="_ _5"> </span>important<span class="_ _5"> </span>process<span class="_ _5"> </span>in<span class="_ _5"> </span>Inf<span class="_ _1"></span>or<span class="_ _2"></span>mation<span class="_ _5"> </span>Retrie<span class="_ _1"></span>val<span class="_ _6"> </span>(IR)</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y9 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">systems.<span class="_ _6"> </span>It<span class="_"> </span>forms<span class="_"> </span>the<span class="_ _7"> </span>core<span class="_"> </span>functionality<span class="_ _7"> </span>of<span class="_"> </span>the<span class="_ _7"> </span>IR<span class="_"> </span>process<span class="_ _7"> </span>since.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ya ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">Inde<span class="_ _1"></span>xing<span class="_ _8"> </span>reduces<span class="_ _8"> </span>the<span class="_ _8"> </span>documents<span class="_ _7"> </span>to<span class="_ _8"> </span>the<span class="_ _8"> </span>inf<span class="_ _1"></span>or<span class="_ _2"></span>mative<span class="_ _7"> </span>ter<span class="_ _2"></span>ms<span class="_ _8"> </span>con-</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yb ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">tained<span class="_"> </span>in<span class="_"> </span>them</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Information<span class="_"> </span>retrieval<span class="_"> </span>(IR)<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)<span class="_ _4"> </span>Dr<span class="_"> </span>B.<span class="_"> </span>Lounnas</div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a 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</span>general,<span class="_"> </span>index<span class="_"> </span>refers<span class="_"> </span>to<span class="_ _7"> </span>the<span class="_"> </span>organization<span class="_ _7"> </span>of<span class="_ _7"> </span>data<span class="_"> </span>according<span class="_ _7"> </span>to</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yd ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">a<span class="_ _6"> </span>specific<span class="_ _8"> </span>schema<span class="_ _6"> </span>or<span class="_ _6"> </span>plan,<span class="_ _6"> </span>in<span class="_ _6"> </span>order<span class="_ _6"> </span>to<span class="_ _8"> </span>make<span class="_ _6"> </span>inf<span class="_ _1"></span>ormation<span class="_ _6"> </span>more</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ye ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">presentable<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>accessib<span class="_ _1"></span>le.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yf ff1 fs3 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">Example:<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="fc3">Database<span class="_"> </span>inde<span class="_ _1"></span>x<span class="_"> </span>columns,<span class="_"> </span>T<span class="_ _a"></span>erm-document.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Information<span class="_"> </span>retrieval<span class="_"> </span>(IR)<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)<span class="_ _4"> </span>Dr<span class="_"> </span>B.<span class="_"> </span>Lounnas</div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' 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<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6266d3f54f8811599eb61e58/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4/42</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Introduction<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="fc1">Basics<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_"> </span>data<span class="_"> </span>structures<span class="_ _0"> </span>IR<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>structures<span class="_ _0"> </span>Example<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_"> </span>DS<span class="_ _0"> </span>Skip<span class="_"> </span>List</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y6 ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Basic</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y10 ff1 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Inde<span class="_ _1"></span>xing<span class="_"> </span>?</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y11 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">It’<span class="_ _1"></span>s<span class="_ _b"> </span>the<span class="_ _b"> </span>process<span class="_ _b"> </span>of<span class="_ _c"> </span>creating<span class="_ _b"> </span>index<span class="_ _1"></span>es,<span class="_ _c"> </span>in<span class="_ _b"> </span>order<span class="_ _c"> </span>to<span class="_ _b"> </span>improv<span class="_ _1"></span>e<span class="_ _b"> </span>the</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y12 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">speed<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_ _d"> </span>data<span class="_"> </span>retrie<span class="_ _1"></span>v<span class="_ _1"></span>al<span class="_"> </span>operations<span class="_ _d"> </span>at<span class="_"> </span>the<span class="_ _d"> </span>cost<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_ _d"> </span>additional<span class="_"> </span>writes</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y13 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">and<span class="_"> </span>storage<span class="_"> </span>space<span class="_"> </span>to<span class="_"> </span>maintain<span class="_"> </span>the<span class="_"> </span>inde<span class="_ _1"></span>x<span class="_"> </span>data<span class="_"> </span>structure.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y14 ff1 fs3 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">Example:<span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="fc3">Microsoft<span class="_ _6"> </span>Inde<span class="_ _1"></span>xing<span class="_ _6"> </span>Ser<span class="_ _2"></span>vice,<span class="_ _6"> </span>W<span class="_ _1"></span>eb<span class="_ _6"> </span>inde<span class="_ _1"></span>xing<span class="_ _6"> </span>(Search</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y15 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">engine).</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Information<span class="_"> </span>retrieval<span class="_"> </span>(IR)<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)<span class="_ _4"> </span>Dr<span class="_"> </span>B.<span class="_"> </span>Lounnas</div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><div class="d m1"></div><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return 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class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.645831,0.000000,0.000000,2.645831,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/6266d3f54f8811599eb61e58/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">5/42</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Introduction<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="fc1">Basics<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_"> </span>data<span class="_"> </span>structures<span class="_ _0"> </span>IR<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>structures<span class="_ _0"> </span>Example<span class="_"> </span>of<span class="_"> </span>DS<span class="_ _0"> </span>Skip<span class="_"> </span>List</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y6 ff2 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Introduction</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y16 ff1 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">IRs<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>DS<span class="_"> </span>(Data<span class="_"> </span>structures)</div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y17 ff3 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 y18 ff2 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">SD<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff1">tends<span class="_"> </span>to<span class="_"> </span>ref<span class="_ _1"></span>ers<span class="_"> </span>to<span class="_"> </span>information<span class="_"> </span>in<span class="_"> </span>"tables"<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>has<span class="_"> </span>a<span class="_"> </span>clear<span class="_ _f"></span>,<span class="_"> </span>ov<span class="_ _1"></span>er<span class="_ _2"></span>t</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y19 ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">semantic<span class="_"> </span>structure.</div><div class="t m0 x7 h7 y1a ff3 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">I</div><div class="t m0 x8 h8 y1b ff2 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">UD<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff1">does<span class="_"> </span>not<span class="_"> </span>hav<span class="_ _f"></span>e<span class="_"> </span>a<span class="_"> </span>clear<span class="_ _1"></span>,<span class="_"> </span>ov<span class="_ _1"></span>er<span class="_ _2"></span>t<span class="_"> </span>semantic<span class="_"> </span>str<span class="_ _2"></span>ucture<span class="_"> </span>(eg:<span class="_ _7"> </span>free<span class="_"> </span>text</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y1c ff1 fs3 fc3 sc0 ls0 ws0">on<span class="_"> </span>a<span class="_"> </span>webpage,<span class="_"> </span>audio<span class="_ _f"></span>,<span class="_"> </span>video).</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Information<span class="_"> </span>retrieval<span class="_"> </span>(IR)<span class="_"> </span>and<span class="_"> </span>Data<span class="_"> </span>mining<span class="_"> </span>(DM)<span class="_ _4"> </span>Dr<span class="_"> </span>B.<span class="_"> </span>Lounnas</div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><div class="d m1"></div><div class="d m1"></div><div class="d m1"></div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[2.645831,0.000000,0.000000,2.645831,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
Chapter 02 Information retrieval