# Programming Language Development Reference
A research reference for aspiring programming-language developers.
## Programming Languages, Libraries, and Environments, Including Computer Technologies
* [Active Server Pages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pages)/[ASP.NET](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET)
* [ActiveX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ActiveX)
* [Ada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_(programming_language)) and variant:
* [SPARK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARK_(programming_language))
* [Agda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agda_(programming_language))
* [AIMMS (Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modeling System)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIMMS)
* [ALGOL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL), its revisions (not enumerated here for brevity,) and minor derivatives (more significant derivatives and successors reside on their own lines in this document and may not have their lineage laid out explicitly, as ALGOL spawned _quite_ a _lot_ of languages:)
* [S3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S3_(programming_language))
* [Amiga E](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_E) and descendants
* [AngelScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AngelScript)
* [API Elements](http://api-elements.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
* [APL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APL_(programming_language))
* [AppleScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleScript)
* Zephyr [ASDL (Abstract Syntax Description Language)](http://asdl.sourceforge.net/)
* [AspectJ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AspectJ)
* <a name="asm-&-machine-code" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'>[Assembly language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language) and [machine code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code)</a>
* [ATS (Applied Type System)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATS_(programming_language))
* [AWK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWK)
* [B](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_(programming_language))
* [Babelsberg](https://github.com/babelsberg)
* [BASIC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC) and dialects and derivatives:
* [Microsoft Small Basic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic)
* Microsoft [Visual Basic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic) and derivatives and cousin:
* [LotusScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LotusScript)
* Microsoft [Visual Basic for Applications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications)
* [Visual Basic .NET](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET), Visual Basic's quasi-successor.
* [ProvideX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProvideX)
* [Xojo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xojo)
* [Batch files](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_file)
* [`bc`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bc_(programming_language))
* [BCPL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCPL)
* [Bertrand](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_(programming_language))
* [BitC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitC)
* [C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)) and variant dialect:
* [SA-C](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-C_(programming_language)) (Notable only for how it added an alternate multi-dimensional array design to C, _not_ for the features it removed from that language to be, in the minds of its creators, more useful for embedded hardware.)
* [C++](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B) and related libraries:
* The [C++ Standard Library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B_Standard_Library)
* The C++ [Standard Template Library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Template_Library)
* Published and progressing/upcoming ISO C++ [Technical Specifcations](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental):
* [ISO/IEC TS 18822:2015: C++ File System Technical Specification](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/fs)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19570:2015: C++ Extensions for Parallelism](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/parallelism)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19841:2015: Technical Specification for C++ Extensions for Transactional Memory](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/transactional_memory)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19568:2015: C++ Extensions for Library Fundamentals](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/lib_extensions)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19217:2015: C++ Extensions for Concepts](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/constraints)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19571:2016: C++ Extensions for Concurrency](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/concurrency)
* [ISO/IEC TS 19568:2017: C++ Extensions for Library Funcatmentals, Version 2](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/lib_extensions_2)
* [ISO/IEC DTS 21425:xxxx: C++ Extensions for Ranges](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/ranges)
* ISO/IEC DTS 19216:xxxx: C++ Extensions for Networking
* ISO/IEC DTS 22277:xxxx: Technical Specification for C++ Extensions for Coroutines
* ISO/IEC DTS 22277:xxxx: Extensions to C++ for Modules
* Reflection TS (Not yet assigned an ISO/IEC document number, as it is still in the early development and drafting stages.)
* Numerics TS (Not yet assigned an ISO/IEC document number, as it is still in the early development and drafting stages.)
* ISO/IEC DTS 19571:xxxx: Concurrency TS 2 (Still in the early development stages.)
* ISO/IEC DTS 19570:xxxx: Technical Specification for C++ Extensions for Parallelism Version 2 (Still in the early development and drafting stages.)
* ISO/IEC DTS 19841:xxxx: Transactional Memory TS 2 (Still in the early development stages.)
* Graphics TS (Still in the early development and drafting stages. Contentious/controversial.)
* [Boost](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries))
* [Qt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(software))
* [C♯](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)) and extensions:
* [Spec♯](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spec_Sharp) and extension:
* [Sing♯](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spec_Sharp#Sing_Sharp)
* [Carbide](https://alpha.trycarbide.com/)
* [Ceylon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceylon_(programming_language))
* [CFML (ColdFusion Markup Language)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusion_Markup_Language)
* [Chapel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel_(programming_language))
* The [CHECKS Pattern Language of Information Integrity](https://c2.com/ppr/checks.html) by Ward Cunningham
* [Choc](https://github.com/fullstackio/choc)
* [Cilk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilk)
* [Claire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire_(programming_language))
* [Clarion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarion_(programming_language))
* [Clipper](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper_(programming_language)) and related software:
* [xHarbour](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHarbour)
* [Clojure](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clojure)
* [CLU](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLU_(programming_language))
* [CMS Pipelines](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMS_Pipelines)
* [CoffeeScript](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoffeeScript)
* [Adobe Coldfusion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_ColdFusion)
* [Common Intermediate Language](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Intermediate_Language)
* [CompCert](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompCert)
* Microsoft's [Component Object Model](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_Object_Model)
* [Converge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converge_(programming_language))
* [Coq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coq)
* Apple's [Core Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_Foundation)
* [COSWEL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COWSEL), a. k. a. 'POP-1,' and descendants:
* [POP-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POP-2) and descendant:
* [POP-11](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POP-11)
* [CUDA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDA)
* [Curl](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curl_(programming_language)) (Not to be confused with [cURL](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CURL))
* [Cyclone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_(programming_language))
* [D](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_(programming_la