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<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626ba7027ae5df2aa718b942/bg1.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">计算机组成原理设计文档</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">目 录</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实验简介</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y5 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">实验原理 ……………………………………………………………… </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y6 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">设计原理 ……………………………………………………………… </span>3</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y7 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">实验设备 ……………………………………………………………… </span>3</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y8 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">设计人员 ……………………………………………………………… </span>3</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实验手记 <span class="fs3 sc0">……………………………………………………………… <span class="ff3">4</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya ff2 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实验结果</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yb ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">演示程序 ……………………………………………………………… </span>6</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yc ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">验收程序 ……………………………………………………………… </span>7</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 yd ff2 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实验心得</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 ye ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">沈镭 ……………………………………………………………… </span>8</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 yf ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">贾慧颖 ……………………………………………………………… </span>9</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y10 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">李佳媛 ……………………………………………………………… </span>10</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y11 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">附录</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y12 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">程序流程图 ……………………………………………………………… </span>11</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y13 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">译码表 ……………………………………………………………… </span>12</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y14 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">数据通路总图 ……………………………………………………… </span>13</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y15 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">源代码和接线图 ……………………………………………………… </span>14</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y16 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">指令对应表 ……………………………………………………………… </span>18</div><div class="t m0 x3 h6 y17 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">硬布线结构方框图 ……………………………………………………… </span>18</div><div class="t m0 x3 h7 y18 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1a ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">计算机组成原理设计文档</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y1b ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">文档撰写:沈镭 贾慧颖 李佳媛 图片绘制:李佳媛 沈镭 贾慧颖</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y1c ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版面设计:沈镭 李佳媛 贾慧颖 封面设计:沈镭</div><div class="t m0 x7 h6 y1d ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">制作日期:<span class="ff3">2003-7-10</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626ba7027ae5df2aa718b942/bg2.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">计算机组成原理设计文档</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h9 y1e ff2 fs4 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实 验 简 介</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y1f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">硬布<span class="_ _0"></span>线控<span class="_ _0"></span>制器<span class="_ _0"></span>是一<span class="_ _0"></span>种由<span class="_ _0"></span>门电<span class="_ _0"></span>路和<span class="_ _0"></span>触发<span class="_ _0"></span>器构<span class="_ _0"></span>成的<span class="_ _0"></span>复杂<span class="_ _0"></span>树形<span class="_ _0"></span>逻辑<span class="_ _0"></span>网络<span class="_ _0"></span>构成<span class="_ _0"></span>的逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑电<span class="_ _0"></span>路,<span class="_ _0"></span>是</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y20 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">早期<span class="_ _0"></span>设计<span class="_ _0"></span>计算<span class="_ _0"></span>机的<span class="_ _0"></span>一种<span class="_ _0"></span>方法<span class="_ _0"></span>,这<span class="_ _0"></span>种方<span class="_ _0"></span>法是<span class="_ _0"></span>把控<span class="_ _0"></span>制部<span class="_ _0"></span>件看<span class="_ _0"></span>做为<span class="_ _0"></span>产生<span class="_ _0"></span>专门<span class="_ _0"></span>固定<span class="_ _0"></span>时序<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _0"></span>的</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y21 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">逻辑<span class="_ _0"></span>电路<span class="_ _0"></span>,而<span class="_ _0"></span>此逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑电<span class="_ _0"></span>路以<span class="_ _0"></span>使用<span class="_ _0"></span>元件<span class="_ _0"></span>最少<span class="_ _0"></span>和取<span class="_ _0"></span>得最<span class="_ _0"></span>高操<span class="_ _0"></span>作速<span class="_ _0"></span>度为<span class="_ _0"></span>设计<span class="_ _0"></span>目标<span class="_ _0"></span>。一<span class="_ _0"></span>旦控<span class="_ _0"></span>制部<span class="_ _0"></span>件</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y22 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">构成后,除非重新设计和物理上对它重新布线,否则要想增加心的控制功能是不可能的。</div><div class="t m0 xa ha y23 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">硬<span class="_ _0"></span>布线<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>是<span class="_ _0"></span>计算<span class="_ _0"></span>机<span class="_ _0"></span>中<span class="_ _0"></span>最<span class="_ _0"></span>复<span class="_ _0"></span>杂<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>逻辑<span class="_ _0"></span>部<span class="_ _0"></span>件<span class="_ _0"></span>之<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>,当<span class="_ _0"></span>执<span class="_ _0"></span>行<span class="_ _0"></span>不<span class="_ _0"></span>同<span class="_ _0"></span>的机<span class="_ _1"></span>器指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>通<span class="_ _0"></span>过</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y24 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">激活<span class="_ _0"></span>一系<span class="_ _0"></span>列彼<span class="_ _0"></span>此很<span class="_ _0"></span>不相<span class="_ _0"></span>同的<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _0"></span>来实<span class="_ _0"></span>现对<span class="_ _0"></span>指令<span class="_ _0"></span>的解<span class="_ _0"></span>释,<span class="_ _0"></span>其结<span class="_ _0"></span>果使<span class="_ _0"></span>得控<span class="_ _0"></span>制器<span class="_ _0"></span>的设<span class="_ _0"></span>计和<span class="_ _0"></span>调</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y25 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">试<span class="_ _0"></span>非常<span class="_ _0"></span>复<span class="_ _0"></span>杂<span class="_ _0"></span>且<span class="_ _0"></span>代<span class="_ _0"></span>价很<span class="_ _0"></span>大<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>因<span class="_ _0"></span>此<span class="_ _0"></span>被<span class="_ _0"></span>微<span class="_ _0"></span>程序<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>所<span class="_ _0"></span>取代<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>但<span class="_ _0"></span>随<span class="_ _0"></span>着<span class="_ _0"></span>新一<span class="_ _1"></span>代机<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>及<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">VLSI<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>技<span class="_ _0"></span>术的</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y26 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">发展,硬布线逻辑设计又得到了重视。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y27 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">N<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2 fc0">实验原理<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>n</div><div class="t m0 xb ha y28 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">本次实验的重点就在于硬布线控制器的设计,因为硬布线控制器大部分线路连线都在</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y29 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ispLSI1032<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">芯片内部,因此设计方案的优劣主要取决于设计的思路和质量。</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y2a ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">控制器的设计思路</span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y2b ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">硬布<span class="_ _0"></span>线<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>能够<span class="_ _0"></span>实<span class="_ _0"></span>现<span class="_ _0"></span>它<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>功能<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>关<span class="_ _0"></span>键<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _0"></span>于它<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>组<span class="_ _0"></span>合<span class="_ _0"></span>逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑译<span class="_ _0"></span>码<span class="_ _0"></span>电<span class="_ _0"></span>路<span class="_ _0"></span>。<span class="_ _0"></span>译<span class="_ _0"></span>码<span class="_ _0"></span>电</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y2c ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">路的<span class="_ _0"></span>任<span class="_ _0"></span>务<span class="_ _0"></span>是<span class="_ _0"></span>将<span class="_ _0"></span>一系<span class="_ _0"></span>列<span class="_ _0"></span>有<span class="_ _0"></span>关<span class="_ _0"></span>指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>、<span class="_ _0"></span>时序<span class="_ _0"></span>等<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>输<span class="_ _0"></span>入<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>转<span class="_ _0"></span>换<span class="_ _0"></span>为<span class="_ _0"></span>一个<span class="_ _0"></span>个<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>信<span class="_ _0"></span>号<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>输</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y2d ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">入到各执行部件中。</div><div class="t m0 xd ha y2e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">根据硬布线控制器的基本原理,针对每个信号<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">S<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff2">,可以列出它的译码函数</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xe ha y2f ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">S = f<span class="ff2">(</span>I</div><div class="t m0 xf hb y30 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">m</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y2f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff3">M</span></div><div class="t m0 x11 hb y30 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i</div><div class="t m0 x12 ha y2f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff3">T</span></div><div class="t m0 x13 hb y30 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">k</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y2f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff3">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hb y30 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">j</div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y2f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">)</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y31 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">其中<span class="_ _0"></span>是机<span class="_ _0"></span>器指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">I</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hb y32 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">m</div><div class="t m0 x18 ha y31 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">机器<span class="_ _0"></span>指令<span class="_ _0"></span>操作<span class="_ _0"></span>译码<span class="_ _0"></span>的输<span class="_ _0"></span>出信<span class="_ _0"></span>号,<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3">M</span></div><div class="t m0 x19 hb y32 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i</div><div class="t m0 x16 ha y31 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">是节<span class="_ _0"></span>拍信<span class="_ _0"></span>号发<span class="_ _0"></span>生器<span class="_ _0"></span>的节<span class="_ _0"></span>拍电</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y33 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">位信号,<span class="ff3">T</span></div><div class="t m0 x1a hb y34 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">k</div><div class="t m0 x1b ha y33 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">是时序信号发生器的时序脉冲信号,<span class="ff3">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x1c hb y34 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">j</div><div class="t m0 x1d ha y33 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">是状态条件判断信号。</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y35 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">TEC<span class="_ _0"></span></span>-<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>计<span class="_ _1"></span>算<span class="_ _0"></span>机<span class="_ _0"></span>组<span class="_ _0"></span>成<span class="_ _0"></span>原<span class="_ _0"></span>理<span class="_ _0"></span>实<span class="_ _0"></span>验<span class="_ _0"></span>系<span class="_ _0"></span>统<span class="_ _0"></span>中<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>因<span class="_ _0"></span>为<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span>序<span class="_ _0"></span>脉<span class="_ _0"></span>冲<span class="_ _0"></span>信<span class="_ _0"></span>号<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">T</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e hb y36 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">k</div><div class="t m0 x1f ha y35 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff3">T1-<span class="_ _7"></span>T4<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">)<span class="_ _0"></span>已<span class="_ _0"></span>经<span class="_ _0"></span>直</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y37 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">接输<span class="_ _0"></span>送给<span class="_ _0"></span>数据<span class="_ _0"></span>通路<span class="_ _0"></span>,所<span class="_ _0"></span>以译<span class="_ _0"></span>码电<span class="_ _0"></span>路不<span class="_ _0"></span>需<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">T</span></div><div class="t m0 x20 hb y38 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">k</div><div class="t m0 x21 ha y37 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为<span class="_ _0"></span>输入<span class="_ _0"></span>。又<span class="_ _0"></span>因为<span class="_ _0"></span>指令<span class="_ _0"></span>系统<span class="_ _0"></span>比较<span class="_ _0"></span>简单<span class="_ _0"></span>,</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y39 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">操作<span class="_ _0"></span>码只<span class="_ _0"></span>有<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>位,<span class="_ _0"></span>不需<span class="_ _0"></span>要专<span class="_ _0"></span>门的<span class="_ _0"></span>操作<span class="_ _0"></span>码译<span class="_ _0"></span>码器<span class="_ _0"></span>,因<span class="_ _0"></span>此<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">I</span></div><div class="t m0 x22 hb y3a ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">m</div><div class="t m0 x23 ha y39 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">直接<span class="_ _0"></span>就是<span class="_ _0"></span>操作<span class="_ _0"></span>码,<span class="_ _0"></span>即指<span class="_ _0"></span>令</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y3b ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">寄<span class="ff4">存</span>器的<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">IR4<span class="_ _6"></span>-IR7<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">信号。</span>M</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 hb y3c ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i</div><div class="t m0 x25 ha y3b ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">就是时序<span class="ff4">模块</span>的节拍电位信号<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">W<span class="_ _6"></span>1-<span class="_ _6"></span>W4<span class="ff2">。</span>B</span></div><div class="t m0 x26 hb y3c ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">j</div><div class="t m0 x27 ha y3b ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">包括<span class="ff2">:</span></div><div class="t m0 x28 ha y3d ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff2">来<span class="ff4">自</span>数据通路中的<span class="ff4">运</span>算器<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>AL<span class="_ _7"></span>U<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">的<span class="ff4">进</span>位信号<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>C<span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ff4">;</span></div><div class="t m0 x28 ha y3e ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff2">来<span class="ff4">自</span>控制<span class="ff4">台</span>的<span class="ff4">开</span>关信号<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>S<span class="_ _6"></span>WC,SWB,SW<span class="_ _6"></span>A<span class="ff4">;</span></div><div class="t m0 x28 ha y3f ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="_ _8"> </span><span class="ff2">其<span class="ff4">他</span>信号。</span></div><div class="t m0 x29 ha y40 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">每个<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _0"></span>的函<span class="_ _0"></span>数<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">式</span>都<span class="_ _0"></span>是上<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">述</span>输<span class="_ _0"></span>入信<span class="_ _0"></span>号的<span class="_ _0"></span>逻辑<span class="_ _0"></span>表<span class="ff4">达<span class="_ _0"></span>式</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>因此<span class="_ _0"></span>可以<span class="_ _0"></span>用各<span class="_ _0"></span>种组<span class="_ _0"></span>合逻</div><div class="t m0 x29 ha y41 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">辑构<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">造</span>电<span class="_ _0"></span>路网<span class="_ _0"></span>络,<span class="_ _0"></span>实现<span class="_ _0"></span>这<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">些</span>表<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">达式<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑功<span class="_ _0"></span>能。<span class="_ _0"></span>理<span class="ff4">论<span class="_ _0"></span></span>上,<span class="_ _0"></span>只要<span class="_ _0"></span>所有<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _0"></span>都设</div><div class="t m0 x29 ha y42 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">计出译码函数,这个硬布线控制器的方案<span class="ff4">也</span>就得到了,</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y43 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">控制设计流程</span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y44 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">设计硬布线控制器的设计流程就是解决<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">I</span></div><div class="t m0 xf hb y45 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">m</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y44 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff3">M</span></div><div class="t m0 x11 hb y45 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i</div><div class="t m0 x12 ha y44 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff3">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x13 hb y45 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">j</div><div class="t m0 x14 ha y44 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">如何起<span class="ff2">作用的</span>问题<span class="ff2">,可以使用流</span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y46 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">程<span class="_ _0"></span>图<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>方<span class="_ _0"></span>法<span class="_ _0"></span>。<span class="_ _0"></span>硬<span class="_ _0"></span>布<span class="_ _0"></span>线<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>以<span class="_ _0"></span>节<span class="_ _0"></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span>为<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">间<span class="_ _0"></span></span>单<span class="_ _0"></span>位<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span>是<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">从<span class="_ _0"></span></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span>序<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">T1<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>的上<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">升<span class="_ _0"></span>沿<span class="_ _0"></span></span>到<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">T4</span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y47 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的<span class="ff4">下降沿</span>的一<span class="ff4">段</span>时<span class="ff4">间</span>。在流程图中一个执行框就代表一拍。</div></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626ba7027ae5df2aa718b942/bg3.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">计算机组成原理设计文档</span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y48 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">但相较于微程序设计,<span class="ff4">还</span>有一<span class="ff4">些</span>需要<span class="ff4">考虑</span>的因<span class="ff4">素</span>。</div><div class="t m0 xd ha y49 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">⑴<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">执行一条机器指令的节拍数</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4a ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">执行一条机器指令所需要的微指令数目在硬布线控制器中相当于机器指令所需的</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4b ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">节拍数。决定执行一条指令需要的节拍数要根据所有指令而定,在本实验中,由</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4c ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">于<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">选<span class="_ _1"></span></span>用<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span>对<span class="_ _1"></span>大<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff4">多<span class="_ _1"></span></span>数<span class="_ _1"></span>指<span class="_ _9"></span>令<span class="_ _1"></span>就<span class="_ _1"></span>够<span class="_ _1"></span>了<span class="_ _9"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>所<span class="_ _9"></span>以<span class="_ _1"></span>节<span class="_ _1"></span>拍<span class="_ _1"></span>发<span class="_ _9"></span>生<span class="_ _1"></span>器<span class="_ _1"></span>产<span class="_ _1"></span>生<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>个<span class="_ _1"></span>节<span class="_ _1"></span>拍<span class="_ _9"></span>信<span class="_ _0"></span>号<span class="_ _9"></span>(<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3">W1-</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4d ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">W4<span class="ff2">)。</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对于需要节拍少的指令,在设计控制流程,对于所需节拍较少的指令流程的<span class="ff4">适</span>当</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y4f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">位<span class="ff4">置<span class="_ _0"></span></span>使<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">SKIP<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>控制信<span class="_ _0"></span>号有<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">效</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">那<span class="_ _0"></span>么</span>对<span class="_ _0"></span>于的<span class="_ _0"></span>节拍<span class="_ _0"></span>可以<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">跳</span>过<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="ff4">提<span class="_ _0"></span></span>高的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">性</span>能<span class="_ _0"></span>。对<span class="_ _0"></span>于需<span class="_ _0"></span>要</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y50 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">节拍<span class="ff4">多</span>的指令,可以有<span class="ff4">两</span>种方法,一是<span class="ff4">修改</span>时序电路,<span class="ff4">采</span>用<span class="ff4">变</span>节拍的方<span class="ff4">式</span>实现,</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y1f ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">二<span class="ff2">是将一条机<span class="_ _0"></span>器指令的执行<span class="_ _0"></span></span>化<span class="ff2">为</span>占<span class="ff2">用</span>两<span class="ff2">条<span class="_ _0"></span></span>或更多<span class="ff2">的机器<span class="_ _0"></span>指令节拍,可<span class="_ _0"></span>以用<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">FL<span class="_ _0"></span>AG</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y20 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">进<span class="ff2">行标</span>志<span class="ff2">,<span class="ff3">FLAG<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>可以</span>认<span class="ff2">为使上</span>述<span class="ff2">的其它信号。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd ha y21 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">⑵<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">控制</span>台<span class="ff2">操作的</span>问题</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y22 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">机器指令的执行流程设计出来后,<span class="ff4">还</span>要有控制<span class="ff4">台</span>操作。这部分<span class="ff4">属</span>于机器指令系统<span class="_ _0"></span>,</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y23 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">而又要<span class="ff4">完</span>成机器指令<span class="ff4">那样</span>以不<span class="ff4">超</span>过<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>拍的时<span class="ff4">间</span>来执行,以<span class="ff4">便与</span>机器指令的执行方</div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y24 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">式<span class="ff2">统一</span>起<span class="ff2">来。不同于微程序通过微程序</span>地址<span class="ff2">记</span>住处<span class="ff2">于控制</span>台<span class="ff2">状态</span>还<span class="ff2">是程序</span>运<span class="ff2">行状</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y25 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">态,在硬布线控制器中就要设<span class="ff4">置</span>一个<span class="ff4">或几</span>个标<span class="ff4">志</span>来记录当<span class="ff4">前</span>状态。根据这个标<span class="ff4">志</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a ha y26 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">可以<span class="ff4">区</span>分控制<span class="ff4">台初始</span>状态、控制<span class="ff4">台读</span>内<span class="ff4">存</span>、控制<span class="ff4">台</span>写内<span class="ff4">存</span>、程序<span class="ff4">运</span>行状态。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y51 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff2">硬布线控制器</span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y52 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">使用<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">ISP<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>技术<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>则<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>电<span class="_ _0"></span>路<span class="_ _0"></span>设计<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">完<span class="_ _0"></span>全<span class="_ _0"></span></span>是在<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">开<span class="_ _0"></span></span>发<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">软<span class="_ _0"></span></span>件<span class="_ _0"></span>上<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">进<span class="_ _0"></span></span>行的<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>只<span class="_ _0"></span>要<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _0"></span>计算<span class="_ _0"></span>机</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y53 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">上面<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">画<span class="_ _0"></span></span>出<span class="_ _0"></span>电<span class="_ _0"></span>路<span class="_ _0"></span>的原<span class="_ _1"></span>理图<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">编<span class="_ _0"></span></span>写<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">好<span class="_ _0"></span>必<span class="_ _0"></span></span>要<span class="_ _0"></span>的程<span class="_ _1"></span>序,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">软<span class="_ _0"></span></span>件<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">会<span class="_ _0"></span>自<span class="_ _0"></span>动<span class="_ _0"></span>完<span class="_ _0"></span></span>成控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>内<span class="_ _0"></span>部<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">联<span class="_ _0"></span></span>线</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y28 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">控制,<span class="ff4">无</span>需<span class="ff4">自己去</span>接线。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y29 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">设计<span class="_ _0"></span>出硬<span class="_ _0"></span>布线<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>流程<span class="_ _0"></span>图后<span class="_ _0"></span>,就<span class="_ _0"></span>可以<span class="_ _0"></span>据此<span class="_ _0"></span>设计<span class="_ _0"></span>出译<span class="_ _0"></span>码逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑电<span class="_ _0"></span>路。<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">先<span class="_ _0"></span></span>根据<span class="_ _0"></span>流程<span class="_ _0"></span>图列<span class="_ _0"></span>出译</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y2a ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">码表<span class="_ _0"></span>,作<span class="_ _0"></span>为逻<span class="_ _0"></span>辑设<span class="_ _0"></span>计的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">依<span class="_ _0"></span></span>据。<span class="_ _0"></span>根据<span class="_ _0"></span>译码<span class="_ _0"></span>表可<span class="_ _0"></span>以写<span class="_ _0"></span>出每<span class="_ _0"></span>个控<span class="_ _0"></span>制信<span class="_ _0"></span>号的<span class="_ _0"></span>逻辑<span class="_ _0"></span>表<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">达式<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,这<span class="_ _0"></span>个表<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">达</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y2b ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">式<span class="ff2">就<span class="_ _0"></span>是它<span class="_ _0"></span>所在<span class="_ _0"></span>的行<span class="_ _0"></span>各<span class="_ _0"></span></span>乘积<span class="_ _0"></span>项<span class="ff2">相<span class="_ _0"></span>加。<span class="_ _0"></span>在</span>编<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">写译<span class="_ _0"></span>码表<span class="_ _0"></span>的过<span class="_ _0"></span>程中<span class="_ _0"></span>要</span>注<span class="_ _0"></span>意综<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">合和<span class="_ _0"></span></span>化<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">简,<span class="_ _0"></span>可以<span class="_ _0"></span></span>考虑<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">增</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y2c ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">加<span class="ff4">冗余项</span>将相<span class="ff4">似</span>信号合<span class="ff4">并</span>为一个信号。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y54 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">N<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2 fc0">设计原理<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>n</div><div class="t m0 xa ha y31 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">采<span class="ff2">用数据通路和微程序控制器方案相同。(</span><span class="sc1">见<span class="ff2">附录<span class="sc0">)</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa ha y33 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">硬<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">联</span>线<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">模<span class="_ _0"></span>型<span class="_ _0"></span></span>机<span class="_ _0"></span>所使<span class="_ _0"></span>用<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span>序<span class="_ _0"></span>信号<span class="_ _1"></span>比微<span class="_ _0"></span>程<span class="_ _0"></span>序<span class="_ _0"></span>控<span class="_ _0"></span>制<span class="_ _0"></span>器要<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">多<span class="_ _0"></span></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">些<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>除了<span class="_ _0"></span>原<span class="_ _0"></span>有<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span>序</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y35 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信<span class="_ _0"></span>号<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">T1<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">至<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>T4<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">外<span class="_ _0"></span></span></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">还<span class="_ _0"></span></span>需<span class="_ _0"></span>要<span class="_ _0"></span>节拍<span class="_ _0"></span>信<span class="_ _0"></span>号<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>拍等<span class="_ _0"></span>于<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>个<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">T1<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">至<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>T4<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">循<span class="_ _0"></span>环<span class="_ _0"></span></span></span>。<span class="_ _0"></span>实<span class="_ _0"></span>验<span class="ff4">仪<span class="_ _1"></span>提供<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>节<span class="_ _0"></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span>信</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y37 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">号有<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>个:<span class="ff3">W1<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">至<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>W4</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y55 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">N<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2 fc0">实验设备<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>n</div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y3e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff3">1</span>)<span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ff3">TEC-4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>计算机组成原理实验系统一<span class="ff4">台</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y3f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff3">2</span>)<span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ff4">双踪</span>示<span class="ff4">波</span>器一<span class="ff4">台</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y40 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff3">3</span>)<span class="_ _c"> </span>直流<span class="ff4">万</span>用表一只</div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y41 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff3">4</span>)<span class="_ _c"> </span>逻辑<span class="ff4">测</span>试<span class="ff4">笔</span>一<span class="ff4">支</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y42 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(<span class="ff3">5</span>)<span class="_ _c"> </span><span class="ff4">集</span>成电路<span class="ff4">若干</span>片,取决于设计方案</div><div class="t m0 x2c ha y43 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">集<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">成<span class="_ _1"></span>电<span class="_ _1"></span>路<span class="_ _1"></span></span>建<span class="_ _1"></span>议<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">使<span class="_ _0"></span>用<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">ISP<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>芯<span class="_ _0"></span>片<span class="_ _0"></span>(<span class="_ _1"></span>一<span class="_ _1"></span>片<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">ispLSI1032<span class="_ _0"></span></span>)<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="_ _1"></span></span>采<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">用<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff3">ISP<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>件<span class="_ _1"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>则<span class="_ _1"></span>需<span class="_ _1"></span>要<span class="_ _1"></span>一<span class="_ _1"></span></span>台</div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y44 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">PC<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff2">机<span class="ff4">运</span>行设计<span class="ff4">自动化软</span>件(<span class="ff4">例如<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>ispEXPER<span class="_ _7"></span>T<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">)作设计、<span class="ff4">编</span>程和<span class="ff4">下载</span>使用。</span></div><div class="t m0 x2c ha y46 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">数据<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">格<span class="_ _0"></span>式</span>和<span class="_ _0"></span>指<span class="_ _0"></span>令系<span class="_ _0"></span>统<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">采<span class="_ _0"></span></span>用<span class="ff4">与<span class="_ _0"></span>模<span class="_ _0"></span>型</span>计<span class="_ _0"></span>算<span class="_ _0"></span>机相<span class="_ _0"></span>同<span class="_ _0"></span>的指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>系统<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>即<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">12<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>条<span class="_ _0"></span>机<span class="_ _0"></span>器指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>。同<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">样</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y47 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">考<span class="_ _0"></span>虑<span class="ff2">到<span class="_ _0"></span>复<span class="_ _0"></span>杂<span class="_ _0"></span>度<span class="_ _0"></span>和<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span></span>间<span class="_ _0"></span>问题<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">,<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span></span>般<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">应<span class="_ _0"></span></span>降<span class="_ _0"></span>低<span class="_ _0"></span>难<span class="ff2">度<span class="_ _1"></span>,</span>采<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">用<span class="_ _0"></span></span>该<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>系<span class="_ _0"></span>统<span class="_ _0"></span>的</span>子<span class="_ _0"></span>集<span class="_ _0"></span>;<span class="_ _0"></span>去<span class="_ _0"></span>掉<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">中<span class="_ _0"></span>断<span class="_ _0"></span>指令<span class="_ _0"></span>后</span></div></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/626ba7027ae5df2aa718b942/bg4.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">计算机组成原理设计文档</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b ha y48 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">3<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>条机器指令,只<span class="ff4">保留<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">9<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>条指令。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y56 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">N<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff2 fc0">实验人员<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>n</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y4c ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">指<span class="ff4">导老师</span>:<span class="ff4">白</span>中<span class="ff4">英老师</span>,<span class="ff4">张杰老师</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y4d ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实验员:沈镭 计算机<span class="ff4">学院<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">01<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>级<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">10<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>班<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">12<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>号 <span class="ff3">010990</span></div><div class="t m0 x29 ha y4e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">贾慧颖 计算机<span class="ff4">学院<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">01<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>级<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">10<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>班<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">22<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>号 <span class="ff3">011000</span></div><div class="t m0 x29 ha y4f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">李佳媛 计算机<span class="ff4">学院<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">01<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>级<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">10<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>班<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">23<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>号 <span class="ff3">011001</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h9 y57 ff2 fs4 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">实 验 手 记</div><div class="t m0 x3 hc y58 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="ff4 fs7">预<span class="ff2">备</span>篇</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y22 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="ff4">开<span class="_ _0"></span>始</span>的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">几天<span class="_ _0"></span>里</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们并<span class="_ _0"></span>没</span>有<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">急</span>着<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">开始<span class="_ _0"></span></span>着手<span class="_ _0"></span>于上<span class="_ _0"></span>机等<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">工</span>作<span class="_ _0"></span>,而<span class="_ _0"></span>是把<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">更多<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="ff4">间<span class="_ _0"></span>放</span>到<span class="_ _0"></span>了</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y23 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对<span class="ff4">整<span class="_ _0"></span></span>个实<span class="_ _0"></span>验的<span class="_ _0"></span>了解<span class="_ _0"></span>上,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们从<span class="_ _0"></span>我们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>已经<span class="_ _0"></span>做过<span class="_ _0"></span>的微<span class="_ _0"></span>程序<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>器实<span class="_ _0"></span>验入<span class="_ _0"></span>手,<span class="_ _0"></span>试着<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">找<span class="_ _0"></span></span>出<span class="ff4">两<span class="_ _0"></span></span>个实<span class="_ _0"></span>验</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y24 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的不<span class="_ _0"></span>同<span class="ff4">与<span class="_ _0"></span></span>相通<span class="_ _0"></span>点,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">并<span class="_ _0"></span>从</span>图<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">书馆<span class="_ _0"></span>里借<span class="_ _0"></span></span>来了<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="ff4">些<span class="_ _0"></span></span>相关<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="ff4">书<span class="_ _0"></span>籍</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>对硬<span class="_ _0"></span>布线<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>器有<span class="_ _0"></span>了<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">更进<span class="_ _0"></span></span>一<span class="ff4">步<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y25 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">了解。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y26 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">第三<span class="_ _0"></span>天<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">老<span class="_ _0"></span>师<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">帮助<span class="_ _0"></span>下<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>有<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">幸<span class="_ _0"></span></span>得到<span class="_ _0"></span>了<span class="_ _0"></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>本<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">00<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">级<span class="_ _0"></span>学长<span class="_ _0"></span></span></span>关<span class="_ _0"></span>于<span class="_ _0"></span>这<span class="_ _0"></span>个<span class="_ _0"></span>实验<span class="_ _1"></span>的设<span class="_ _0"></span>计<span class="_ _0"></span>文</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y51 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">档,<span class="_ _0"></span>这<span class="ff4">份<span class="_ _0"></span></span>文档<span class="_ _0"></span>给了<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们莫<span class="_ _0"></span></span>大的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">帮助<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="ff4">虽<span class="_ _0"></span>然</span>通<span class="_ _0"></span>过<span class="ff4">前<span class="_ _0"></span>几天<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的<span class="ff4">学<span class="_ _0"></span>习</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>对硬<span class="_ _0"></span>布线<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>器的<span class="_ _0"></span>原理</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y52 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">和构<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">造</span>有<span class="_ _0"></span>了比<span class="_ _0"></span>较<span class="ff4">深<span class="_ _0"></span>刻<span class="_ _0"></span></span>的<span class="ff4">认<span class="_ _0"></span>识</span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>但是<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>对很<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">多</span>关<span class="_ _0"></span>于实<span class="_ _0"></span>验方<span class="_ _0"></span>面的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">问题<span class="_ _0"></span>仍然<span class="_ _0"></span>感<span class="_ _0"></span></span>到不<span class="_ _0"></span>是非<span class="_ _0"></span>常的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">清</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y53 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">楚<span class="ff2">。<span class="_ _0"></span>这</span>份<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">文档<span class="_ _0"></span>做为<span class="_ _0"></span>一个<span class="_ _0"></span>成功<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span></span>范例<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">给了<span class="_ _0"></span></span>我们<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">很</span>多<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">的</span>启<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">示,<span class="_ _0"></span></span>也让<span class="_ _0"></span>我们<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">对这<span class="_ _0"></span>个实<span class="_ _0"></span>验有<span class="_ _0"></span>了<span class="_ _0"></span></span>更多<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">的</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y28 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">感性认识<span class="ff2">,而其中</span>学长<span class="ff2">的经验</span>也让我们<span class="ff2">以后的实验设计和调试</span>避免<span class="ff2">了不少的</span>错误<span class="ff2">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y59 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"></span> <span class="ff2 fs7">设计<span class="ff4">篇</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y2c ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">从<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">6<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>月<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">27<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">日</span></span>至<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">7<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>月<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">2<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">日,</span></span>我们<span class="ff2">把大量的时</span>间花<span class="ff2">在了实验流程的设计和</span>编<span class="ff2">码</span>工<span class="ff2">作上。</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y2d ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">仔细<span class="_ _0"></span>阅读<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">了</span>学<span class="_ _0"></span>长们<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">设<span class="_ _0"></span>计的<span class="_ _0"></span>流程<span class="_ _0"></span>图后<span class="_ _0"></span>,</span>我<span class="_ _0"></span>们认<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">为,<span class="_ _0"></span></span>学长<span class="_ _0"></span>们<span class="ff2">所<span class="_ _0"></span>设计<span class="_ _0"></span>的</span>采<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">用<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">8<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>拍的<span class="_ _0"></span>流程<span class="_ _0"></span>图有</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y2e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一<span class="ff4">些浪<span class="_ _0"></span>费</span>,能<span class="_ _0"></span>不能做<span class="_ _0"></span>出一个<span class="_ _0"></span>只用<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>拍的<span class="_ _0"></span>流程图<span class="_ _0"></span>来实现<span class="_ _0"></span>硬布线<span class="_ _0"></span>控制器<span class="_ _0"></span>的功能<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">呢?<span class="_ _0"></span>我们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>把这个</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y2f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">想法<span class="ff4">反映</span>给了<span class="ff4">老师</span>,<span class="ff4">老师</span>非常<span class="ff4">支持我们</span>的想法,<span class="ff4">他鼓励我们进</span>行大<span class="ff4">胆</span>的<span class="ff4">尝</span>试。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y31 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们<span class="_ _0"></span>开<span class="_ _0"></span>始<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">着<span class="_ _0"></span>手<span class="_ _0"></span>于<span class="_ _0"></span>将<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">8<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span></span>压<span class="_ _0"></span>缩<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">微<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>拍<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span></span>工<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">作<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3">KRR,KRD,K<span class="_ _6"></span>WE,KRR<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">四<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">个<span class="_ _0"></span>指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>由<span class="_ _0"></span>于<span class="_ _0"></span>原<span class="_ _0"></span>本</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y33 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">就只有<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>拍,所<span class="_ _0"></span>以<span class="ff4">我们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>很<span class="ff4">快</span>就<span class="_ _0"></span>将<span class="ff4">他们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>成功<span class="ff4">变<span class="_ _0"></span></span>成了<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">4<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>拍,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">剩下<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">KLD<span class="_ _3"> </span></span></span>和<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">PR<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">两<span class="_ _0"></span></span></span>个指令<span class="_ _0"></span>,都是<span class="_ _0"></span>原</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y35 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">来有<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">5<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>拍的指令,是<span class="ff4">我们改造工</span>作的<span class="ff4">难</span>点。</div><div class="t m0 x9 ha y37 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这<span class="_ _d"> </span><span class="ff4">两<span class="_ _d"> </span></span>条<span class="_ _d"> </span>指<span class="_ _d"> </span>令<span class="_ _d"> </span>的<span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff4">情<span class="_ _d"> </span>况<span class="_ _e"> </span></span>又<span class="_ _d"> </span>不<span class="_ _d"> </span>相<span class="_ _d"> </span>同<span class="_ _d"> </span>,<span class="_ _e"> </span>其<span class="_ _d"> </span>中<span class="_ _f"> </span><span class="ff3">PR<span class="_ _10"> </span></span>是<span class="_ _d"> </span>在<span class="_ _e"> </span>其<span class="_ _d"> </span>机<span class="_ _d"> </span>器<span class="_ _d"> </span>指<span class="_ _e"> </span>令<span class="_ _d"> </span>部<span class="_ _d"> </span>分<span class="_ _11"> </span>,</div><div class="t m0 x3 hd y39 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ADD,SUB,MUL,AND,LD<span class="_ _6"></span>A<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff4">五</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d ha y3b ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">条指<span class="_ _0"></span>令<span class="_ _0"></span>中,<span class="_ _0"></span>最<span class="_ _0"></span>后<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">必须<span class="_ _0"></span></span>有<span class="_ _0"></span>一拍<span class="_ _0"></span>来<span class="_ _0"></span>执行<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff3">WRD.</span>而<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">WRD<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>是<span class="_ _0"></span>写<span class="_ _0"></span>寄<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">存</span>器<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我们</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d ha y3d ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">不能<span class="_ _0"></span>把<span class="_ _0"></span>它<span class="_ _0"></span>和<span class="_ _0"></span>上<span class="_ _0"></span>一拍<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">进</span>行<span class="_ _1"></span>合<span class="ff4">并<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="_ _0"></span>所<span class="_ _0"></span>以<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _0"></span>们<span class="_ _0"></span></span>将<span class="_ _0"></span>它<span class="ff4">放<span class="_ _0"></span></span>到<span class="_ _0"></span>了<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">PR<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">第<span class="_ _0"></span></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>拍,<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">并</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d ha y3e ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">加入了一个控制判断位,来判断是否应<span class="ff4">该</span>执行这条指令(<span class="ff4 sc1">如<span class="ff2">图</span></span>)。</div><div class="t m0 x2e ha y3f ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对于<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">KLD</span>,<span class="ff4">我们</span>想了很<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">久</span>,<span class="ff4">我们参考<span class="_ _0"></span></span>了微程序控制<span class="_ _0"></span>器的图,发现</div><div class="t m0 x2d ha y40 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">其中使<span class="_ _0"></span>用了<span class="ff4">循<span class="_ _0"></span>环</span>,而<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我们</span>是<span class="_ _0"></span>不能使<span class="_ _0"></span>用<span class="ff4">循<span class="_ _0"></span>环</span>的<span class="ff4">;<span class="_ _0"></span>我们</span>又<span class="_ _0"></span>想到了<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">并</span>拍,<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">我</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d ha y41 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">们<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ff2">已<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">TJ<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>信<span class="_ _12"> </span>号<span class="_ _12"> </span>为<span class="_ _12"> </span>标<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>志<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff2">来</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y42 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">考<span class="_ _0"></span>虑<span class="_ _0"></span>并<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">拍<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _1"></span>发<span class="_ _0"></span>现<span class="_ _1"></span></span>没<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">有<span class="_ _1"></span>可<span class="_ _0"></span>以<span class="_ _1"></span></span>并<span class="_ _0"></span>起<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">来<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _0"></span>拍<span class="_ _1"></span>节<span class="_ _0"></span>,<span class="_ _1"></span>在</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y43 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">里<span class="_ _0"></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们<span class="_ _0"></span>遇<span class="_ _1"></span></span>到<span class="_ _0"></span>了<span class="_ _1"></span>本<span class="_ _0"></span>次<span class="_ _0"></span>实<span class="_ _1"></span>验<span class="_ _0"></span>的<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">第<span class="_ _1"></span></span>一<span class="_ _0"></span>个<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4">问<span class="_ _1"></span>题<span class="_ _0"></span></span>,<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4">我</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y44 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">们<span class="_ _0"></span>向<span class="_ _0"></span>老<span class="_ _1"></span>师<span class="_ _0"></span>寻<span class="_ _1"></span>求<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">了<span class="_ _1"></span></span>帮<span class="_ _0"></span>助<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">,<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _1"></span></span>老<span class="_ _0"></span>师<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _0"></span></span>提<span class="_ _0"></span>醒<span class="_ _1"></span>下<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">,<span class="_ _1"></span></span>我</div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y46 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">们<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">发<span class="_ _0"></span>现<span class="_ _1"></span>在<span class="_ _0"></span></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们<span class="_ _0"></span>考<span class="_ _1"></span>虑<span class="_ _0"></span>并<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">拍<span class="_ _0"></span>可<span class="_ _1"></span>能<span class="_ _0"></span></span>性<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _0"></span>时<span class="_ _0"></span></span>候<span class="_ _1"></span>犯<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2">了<span class="_ _1"></span>一</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 ha y47 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">个<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff4">错<span class="_ _1"></span>误<span class="_ _9"></span></span>,<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff4">我<span class="_ _9"></span>们<span class="_ _1"></span>认<span class="_ _9"></span></span>为<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff4">两<span class="_ _9"></span></span>拍<span class="_ _1"></span>之<span class="_ _9"></span><span class="ff4">间<span class="_ _9"></span>如<span class="_ _9"></span></span>果<span class="_ _1"></span>有<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">TJ<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>信<span class="_ _9"></span>号</div></div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>