<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/raw.css"><script src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/js/compatibility.min.js"></script><script src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script><script>try{pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({});}catch(e){}</script><title></title></head><body><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/bg1.jpg"><div class="c x1 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">华中科<span class="_ _0"></span>技大<span class="_ _0"></span>学<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff2"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w2 h4"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">组成原理课程设计<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1 y5 w2 h6"><div class="t m0 x4 h7 y6 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0">单总线模式<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2 ls0">CPU<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>搭建<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff2 ls0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1 y7 w2 h8"><div class="t m0 x5 h9 y8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="c x1 y9 w2 ha"><div class="t m0 x6 h3 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">高文龙<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="c x1 yb w2 hb"><div class="t m0 x7 hc yc ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2011-3-<span class="ls2">21</span> </div></div><div class="c x1 yd w2 hd"><div class="t m0 x8 h3 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">计算机<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff4 sc0 ls2">0801<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>班<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc yf ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">U20<span class="_ _0"></span>081454<span class="_ _0"></span>3 </div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y10 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">指导老师<span class="_ _0"></span>：王晓<span class="_ _0"></span>兰<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="t m0 xb he y11 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y12 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y13 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb hf y14 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff5 fs4 fc1"> </span></div><div class="c x1 y15 w3 h10"><div class="t m0 xc h9 y16 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611562,0.000000,0.000000,1.611562,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div></body></html>
<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 xd h11 y17 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">华中科技大学<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe h12 y18 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div><div class="t m0 xb h12 y19 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h13 y1a ff1 fs4 fc1 sc2 ls0 ws0">目录<span class="ff5 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">前言<span class="ff3 ls3">..........................................................................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _6"></span>2 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一、实验目的<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ls3">.........................................................................................................................................<span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _7"></span>3 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">二、元器件选择<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span>.....................................<span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _6"></span>3 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三、模块图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ls3">.............................................................................................................................................<span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _7"></span>4 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">四、模块原理图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span>.....................................<span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _6"></span>5 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y20 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一、时序部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 ls3">................................................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls0">. <span class="_ _6"></span>5 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y21 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">二、<span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _9"> </span></span>程序计数器<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3 ls4">PC<span class="ls3">...............................................................................................................<span class="ls0"> <span class="_ _6"></span>5 </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y22 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三、运算部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 ls3">................................................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls0">. <span class="_ _6"></span>7 </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y23 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">四、存储器部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="ls3">............................................................................................................................</span> <span class="_ _6"></span>8 </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y24 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">五、控制器部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="ls3">............................................................................................................................</span> <span class="_ _6"></span>9 </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y25 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">六、总体模块<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3 ls3">...............................................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls5">11<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y26 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">五、微程序设计<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span>...................................<span class="ls5">12<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y27 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">六、仿真图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ls3">...........................................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">14<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y28 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">时序仿真图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span>...................................<span class="ls5">14<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y29 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">程序计数器<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3 ls4">PC<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>仿真图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">14<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y2a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">运算器部分仿真图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ls3">......................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">15<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y2b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">存储器部分仿真图<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ls3">......................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">15<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y2c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">控制器部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _6"></span><span class="ls3">................................................................................................<span class="_ _1"></span>...................................<span class="ls5">16<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y2d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">总体仿真图部分<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="ls3">..........................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">16</span></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y2e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">七、心得体会<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ls3">.......................................................................................................................................<span class="ls5">17<span class="ls0"> </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb he y2f ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h15 y30 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _c"> </span> </div><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' onclick='return false;'><div class="d m1"></div></a><a class="l" rel='nofollow' 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<div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 xd h11 y17 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">华中科技大学<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe h12 y18 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div><div class="t m0 xb h12 y19 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h7 y31 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls6 ws0">前言<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff4 sc0 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y32 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _d"> </span><span class="ff1">本次组成原理实验要<span class="_ _1"></span>求为其两周的<span class="_ _1"></span>自主实践，<span class="_ _e"></span>力<span class="_ _1"></span>求培养我们的自<span class="_ _1"></span>主思考能力和<span class="_ _1"></span>动<span class="_ _1"></span>手能力。</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y33 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实验内<span class="_ _1"></span>容分<span class="_ _1"></span>为三<span class="_ _1"></span>个方向<span class="_ _1"></span>，分<span class="_ _1"></span>别是<span class="_ _1"></span>使用<span class="_ _1"></span>纯硬件<span class="_ _1"></span>、纯软件<span class="_ _1"></span>、软<span class="_ _1"></span>硬结<span class="_ _1"></span>合的方<span class="_ _1"></span>式完<span class="_ _1"></span>成一<span class="_ _1"></span>个小型<span class="_ _f"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的功能，要求可以支<span class="_ _1"></span>持加、减、与<span class="_ _1"></span>、或等运算及<span class="_ _1"></span>支持跳转、中<span class="_ _1"></span>断等特殊要求<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="_ _10"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y35 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">因为我们的实验平台<span class="_ _1"></span>为<span class="_ _a"> </span></span>JZYL-<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ls3">II<span class="_ _a"> </span></span><span class="ff1">型实<span class="_ _1"></span>验平台，<span class="_ _12"></span>而<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">JZYL-<span class="ls7">II<span class="_ _b"> </span></span></span>型实验平<span class="_ _1"></span>台分为两个模块<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="ff3">JZYL_<span class="_ _0"></span>I<span class="_ _1"></span>I</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y36 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">型实验平台左边部分<span class="_ _1"></span>主要是<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">FPGA<span class="_"> </span></span>芯<span class="_ _1"></span>片区，采<span class="_ _1"></span>用<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">Al<span class="_ _1"></span>ter<span class="_ _12"></span>a<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">公司的<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>C<span class="_ _0"></span>yclo<span class="_ _1"></span>ne<span class="_ _0"></span> EP1<span class="_ _1"></span>C3T14<span class="_ _1"></span>4C8 FPGA<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff1">芯</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y37 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">片，<span class="_ _7"></span>芯片提供<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3 ls8">AS<span class="_ _b"> </span></span>模式下载<span class="_ _1"></span>和<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">JT<span class="_ _12"></span>AG<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">模式下载。<span class="_ _7"></span>实<span class="_ _1"></span>验平台的右边<span class="_ _1"></span>部分为的双列<span class="_ _1"></span>直插<span class="_ _1"></span>芯片区，<span class="_ _7"></span>提</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y38 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">供<span class="_ _13"> </span><span class="ff3 ls5">35<span class="_ _13"> </span></span>个双列直插芯片底座。比较<span class="_ _1"></span>了左边的<span class="_ _13"> </span><span class="ff3">FP<span class="_ _1"></span>GA<span class="_ _13"> </span></span>芯片和右边部<span class="_ _1"></span>分的双列直插芯<span class="_ _1"></span>片区后，再</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y39 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">考虑了老师要求的功<span class="_ _1"></span>能实现，<span class="_ _e"></span>我们<span class="_ _1"></span>感觉右边部分<span class="_ _1"></span>的双列直插芯片<span class="_ _1"></span>因为芯片个数<span class="_ _1"></span>及<span class="_ _1"></span>其类型的限</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">制，会给我们完成课<span class="_ _1"></span>设要求带来难<span class="_ _1"></span>题，所以我们<span class="_ _1"></span>选择使用试验<span class="_ _1"></span>平台左边部分的<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">FPGA<span class="_ _14"> </span></span>芯片，</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">完成纯软件的组成原<span class="_ _1"></span>理课程设计。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3c ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">组成原理实验课设因<span class="_ _1"></span>为其开放性，<span class="_ _1"></span>并未要求我们<span class="_ _1"></span>以何种方式、<span class="_ _1"></span>何种架构去完成<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>CPU<span class="_ _14"> </span><span class="ff1">的</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">功能<span class="_ _1"></span>设计<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="_ _1"></span>所以<span class="_ _1"></span>在实<span class="_ _1"></span>验周<span class="_ _1"></span>开<span class="_ _1"></span>始的<span class="_ _1"></span>前两天<span class="_ _1"></span>，我<span class="_ _1"></span>和我<span class="_ _1"></span>的同<span class="_ _1"></span>伴<span class="_ _1"></span>在一<span class="_ _1"></span>起讨<span class="_ _1"></span>论<span class="_ _1"></span>了该<span class="_ _1"></span>用哪<span class="_ _1"></span>种<span class="_ _1"></span>架构<span class="_ _1"></span>去完<span class="_ _1"></span>成</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3e ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">CPU<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff1">设计，<span class="_ _12"></span>初步的选择有专<span class="_ _1"></span>用通道模式<span class="_ _1"></span>、<span class="_ _15"></span>单总线模式<span class="_ _1"></span>、<span class="_ _8"></span>双线模式<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="_ _15"></span>经过了一个<span class="_ _1"></span>下<span class="_ _1"></span>午的讨论加</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y3f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一天的仔细验证，<span class="_ _16"></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们决定使用总<span class="_ _1"></span>线模式，<span class="_ _16"></span>并<span class="_ _1"></span>用<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">Cyclone FP<span class="_ _1"></span>GA<span class="_"> </span></span>实现<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU<span class="_ _a"> </span></span>的功<span class="_ _1"></span>能<span class="_ _16"></span>（<span class="_ _1"></span>算数运算、</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y40 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">逻辑运算、跳转<span class="_ _1"></span>、中断、存<span class="_ _1"></span>储器的读写<span class="_ _1"></span>操作等<span class="_ _1"></span>）<span class="_ _17"></span>。在接下<span class="_ _1"></span>来的两天里<span class="_ _1"></span>，我和我的<span class="_ _1"></span>同伴集中精</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y41 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">力，根据老师上课讲的<span class="_ _18"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU<span class="_ _13"> </span></span>总线模式去<span class="_ _1"></span>改进我们自己<span class="_ _1"></span>的总线模式。因<span class="_ _1"></span>为按照秦<span class="_ _1"></span>老师<span class="_ _13"> </span><span class="ff3 ls9">PPT<span class="_ _13"> </span></span>当</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y42 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">中的总线模式，<span class="_ _12"></span>功能强大<span class="_ _1"></span>、<span class="_ _8"></span>完备，<span class="_ _15"></span>同<span class="_ _1"></span>时困难程度相<span class="_ _1"></span>当大。<span class="_ _15"></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们必须精简<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3 ls9">PPT<span class="_"> </span></span>上的<span class="_ _1"></span>模型，<span class="_ _15"></span>设计</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y43 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">出能在我们实验平台<span class="_ _1"></span>上可以在两周<span class="_ _1"></span>时间内完成<span class="_ _1"></span>的<span class="_ _b"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU<span class="_ _19"> </span></span>模<span class="_ _1"></span>型。<span class="_ _17"></span>在设<span class="_ _1"></span>计的途中产生<span class="_ _1"></span>了<span class="_ _1"></span>很多问题，</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y44 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">也思考讨论了很多问<span class="_ _1"></span>题，使我们的<span class="_ _1"></span>组成原理实践<span class="_ _1"></span>知识和理论知<span class="_ _1"></span>识提升了不止<span class="_ _1"></span>一大<span class="_ _1"></span>截。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y45 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">敲定了<span class="_ _14"> </span></span>C<span class="_ _0"></span>PU<span class="_ _14"> </span><span class="ff1">设计的大致模块，我<span class="_ _1"></span>们就进入了具<span class="_ _1"></span>体设计阶段，因<span class="_ _1"></span>为采用纯软件<span class="_ _1"></span>方<span class="_ _1"></span>式，所</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y46 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以在没有问题找老师<span class="_ _1"></span>请教的情况下，<span class="_ _15"></span>倾向于在自己<span class="_ _1"></span>宿舍或者图书<span class="_ _1"></span>馆使用<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3">Q<span class="_ _1"></span>uartus I<span class="_ _1"></span>I<span class="_"> </span></span>软件</div><div class="t m0 xf h16 y47 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">i</div><div class="t m0 x10 h14 y46 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">完成</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y48 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">具体的设计。<span class="_ _7"></span>随着效率提<span class="_ _1"></span>高产生的后果<span class="_ _1"></span>就是总共点了<span class="_ _1"></span>三<span class="_ _1"></span>次名，<span class="_ _7"></span>但我只被点<span class="_ _1"></span>到过一<span class="_ _1"></span>次，<span class="_ _7"></span>而我的</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y49 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">同伴完全没被点到过<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff6">…</span>所以在第一<span class="_ _1"></span>周，<span class="_ _12"></span>总能发现<span class="_ _1"></span>第一排有个实验<span class="_ _1"></span>平台是空白的<span class="_ _1"></span>，并且实验平</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">台经常性没人在<span class="ff6">…<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3">.</span></span>我们的单总<span class="_ _1"></span>线模式使用自<span class="_ _1"></span>底向上方法<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _6"></span>所以在划出大致的模块<span class="_ _1"></span>之后，<span class="_ _6"></span>我们</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">就投入<span class="_ _1"></span>到具<span class="_ _1"></span>体模块<span class="_ _1"></span>设计<span class="_ _1"></span>的流<span class="_ _1"></span>程<span class="ff3 ls7">..<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff1 ls0">其中<span class="_ _1"></span>节约<span class="_ _1"></span>控制<span class="_ _1"></span>点这方<span class="_ _1"></span>面搞<span class="_ _1"></span>得人<span class="_ _1"></span>极为头<span class="_ _1"></span>痛<span class="ff6">…<span class="_ _1"></span></span>当初<span class="_ _1"></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们敲定<span class="_ _1"></span>采用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">单总线模式，曾数了<span class="_ _1"></span>下省略一部分<span class="_ _1"></span>控点后还大致<span class="_ _1"></span>需要<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3 ls5">28<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>个左右控点，当我们<span class="_ _1"></span>询<span class="_ _1"></span>问老师控点</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">可否设计这么多时<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _16"></span>被老师<span class="_ _1"></span>无情的批评<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _16"></span>批评我<span class="_ _1"></span>们只顾着理论设<span class="_ _1"></span>计的完备性而<span class="_ _1"></span>不<span class="_ _1"></span>考虑实际设</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">计的可行性和难度。<span class="_ _7"></span>纵然<span class="_ _1"></span>被老师无批判，<span class="_ _8"></span>我<span class="_ _1"></span>们也思考过是否要换方案，<span class="_ _8"></span>但最终<span class="_ _1"></span>都<span class="_ _1"></span>在同伴的鼓</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y4f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">励下，坚持使用<span class="_ _1"></span>单总线方案<span class="_ _1"></span>。因为这次<span class="_ _1"></span>课程设计有<span class="_ _1"></span>老师可以请<span class="_ _1"></span>教，时间是<span class="_ _1"></span>较为宽<span class="_ _1"></span>裕的两周，</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y50 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">周围的一群人都在共<span class="_ _1"></span>同搞组成原理<span class="_ _1"></span>课设，<span class="_ _6"></span>如果在这次实<span class="_ _1"></span>验中没能完成单<span class="_ _1"></span>总线设计<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _16"></span>那么今后</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y51 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">完成的几率更小，并<span class="_ _1"></span>且困难更大。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y52 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">就在繁忙的课设<span class="_ _1"></span>、<span class="_ _16"></span>一大堆待<span class="_ _1"></span>解决问题和一<span class="_ _1"></span>大堆已解决的<span class="_ _1"></span>问题中，<span class="_ _6"></span>我们直到第二<span class="_ _1"></span>周<span class="_ _1"></span>周四才</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y53 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">FPGA<span class="_ _a"> </span></span>芯片上调试成<span class="_ _1"></span>功了<span class="_ _1a"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU<span class="_"> </span></span>最基本功能，<span class="_ _1b"></span>总<span class="_ _1"></span>之这个组成原理<span class="_ _1"></span>课程设计给我<span class="_ _1"></span>带<span class="_ _1"></span>来的收获很</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y54 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">大。<span class="_ _8"></span>接下来就是我们组<span class="_ _1"></span>成原理课程设计<span class="_ _1"></span>的整个设计方<span class="_ _1"></span>案，<span class="_ _15"></span>分为主要元器<span class="_ _1"></span>件选择、<span class="_ _12"></span>模块图、<span class="_ _8"></span>原</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y55 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">理图、微程序设计、<span class="_ _1"></span>仿真图六个部<span class="_ _1"></span>分。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb he y56 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y57 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">主<span class="_ _1"></span>要元器件<span class="_ _1"></span>选择<span class="_ _1"></span></span><span class="ff4 lsa">----<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff1 sc1 ls0">罗列了<span class="_ _1"></span>我们在<span class="_ _1"></span>方案中使<span class="_ _1"></span>用到的<span class="_ _1"></span>关键元器<span class="_ _1"></span>件。<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y58 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">模<span class="_ _1"></span>块图<span class="_ _1"></span></span><span class="ff4">-----<span class="ff1 sc1">使用框图方式描<span class="_ _1"></span>述我们<span class="_ _1"></span>方案的总<span class="_ _1"></span>体设计，<span class="_ _15"></span>每<span class="_ _1"></span>个模块又<span class="_ _1"></span>有各自<span class="_ _1"></span>需<span class="_ _1"></span>要完成的<span class="_ _1"></span>具体</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y59 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">功<span class="_ _1"></span>能。<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5a ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">原<span class="_ _1"></span>理图<span class="_ _1"></span></span><span class="lsa">----<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff1 sc1 ls0">列举了<span class="_ _1"></span>各个模块<span class="_ _1"></span>间的具<span class="_ _1"></span>体连接和<span class="_ _1"></span>各个模<span class="_ _1"></span>块的具体<span class="_ _1"></span>实验原理<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5b ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">微<span class="_ _1"></span>程序设计<span class="_ _1"></span></span><span class="lsa">-----<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff1 sc1 ls0">罗<span class="_ _1"></span>列了我们<span class="_ _1"></span>支持的<span class="_ _1"></span>少部分<span class="_ _1c"> </span><span class="ff4 sc0">CP<span class="_ _0"></span>U<span class="_ _18"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">指令，<span class="_ _1"></span>并描述了<span class="_ _1"></span>各个<span class="_ _1c"> </span></span>CP<span class="_ _0"></span>U<span class="_ _18"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">指令都由<span class="_ _1"></span>哪些</span></span></span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611562,0.000000,0.000000,1.611562,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 xd h11 y17 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">华中科技大学<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe h12 y18 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3 </div><div class="t m0 xb h12 y19 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">哪<span class="_ _1"></span>段<span class="_ _1"></span>微程<span class="_ _1"></span>序来<span class="_ _1"></span>解<span class="_ _1"></span>释，<span class="_ _1"></span>并绘<span class="_ _1"></span>制<span class="_ _1"></span>了少部分<span class="_ _1"></span>的微<span class="_ _1"></span>程<span class="_ _1"></span>序流<span class="_ _1"></span>程。<span class="_ _1"></span>并<span class="_ _1"></span>大致<span class="_ _1"></span>介绍<span class="_ _1"></span>了下<span class="_ _1"></span>如<span class="_ _1"></span>何设<span class="_ _1"></span>计微<span class="_ _1"></span>程<span class="_ _1"></span>序以<span class="_ _1"></span>支</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">持<span class="_ _1"></span>部分功能<span class="_ _1"></span>的硬件并<span class="_ _1"></span>发。<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1b ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1 sc1">仿<span class="_ _1"></span>真图<span class="_ _1"></span></span><span class="lsa">----</span><span class="ff1 sc1">罗列了<span class="_ _1"></span>我们<span class="_ _1"></span>在进<span class="_ _1"></span>行软件<span class="_ _1"></span>仿真<span class="_ _1"></span>过程<span class="_ _1"></span>中各个<span class="_ _1"></span>模块<span class="_ _1"></span>的仿<span class="_ _1"></span>真结果<span class="_ _1"></span>，根据仿<span class="_ _1"></span>真图结<span class="_ _1"></span>果解</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y1c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">释<span class="_ _1"></span>了各个仿<span class="_ _1"></span>真器件是<span class="_ _1"></span>否按照<span class="_ _1"></span>预期功能<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h17 y1d ff4 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x11 h7 y5e ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0">一、实验目的<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff4 ls0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y5f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过此课程设计，<span class="_ _7"></span>了解计<span class="_ _1"></span>算机计算机系<span class="_ _1"></span>统的组成，<span class="_ _8"></span>加强对<span class="_ _1"></span>计算机数据同路<span class="_ _1"></span>的理解<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _7"></span>加深</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y60 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对计算机指令系统、<span class="_ _7"></span>微指<span class="_ _1"></span>令的认识，<span class="_ _8"></span>并通过<span class="_ _1"></span>时序控制，<span class="_ _7"></span>能够完整<span class="_ _1"></span>地设计一个简<span class="_ _1"></span>单<span class="_ _1"></span>的计算机系</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y61 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">统，具体目标如下：<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y62 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="ff1">、加深对冯诺伊曼<span class="_ _1"></span>体系结构计<span class="_ _1"></span>算机组成及<span class="_ _1"></span>其各部分功<span class="_ _1"></span>能的理解，<span class="_ _1"></span>进一步建立<span class="_ _1"></span>整<span class="_ _1"></span>机的概</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y63 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">念。<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y64 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff1">、</span> <span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">加深对计算机数据通<span class="_ _1"></span>路的理解、<span class="_ _8"></span>加深对<span class="_ _1"></span>计算机指令系<span class="_ _1"></span>统、<span class="_ _7"></span>微指令的认识，<span class="_ _8"></span>并通<span class="_ _1"></span>过<span class="_ _1"></span>时</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y65 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">序控制，完整地设计<span class="_ _1"></span>一个简单的计<span class="_ _1"></span>算机系统。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y66 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff1">、</span> <span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">锻炼初步的计算机系<span class="_ _1"></span>统分析和设计<span class="_ _1"></span>能力。<span class="_ _10"></span></span> </div><div class="t m0 x4 h14 y67 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="ff1">、</span> <span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">锻炼分析、定位和排<span class="_ _1"></span>除故障的能力<span class="_ _1"></span>。<span class="_ _10"></span></span> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y68 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x12 h7 y69 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">二<span class="_ _1"></span>、元器<span class="_ _1"></span>件选择<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y6a ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">由于我们使用纯<span class="_ _1"></span>软件进行课<span class="_ _1"></span>程设计，摆<span class="_ _1"></span>脱了硬件元<span class="_ _1"></span>器件数目有<span class="_ _1"></span>限、种类<span class="_ _1"></span>有限的限<span class="_ _1"></span>制后，</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y6b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用起元器件来肆无忌<span class="_ _1"></span>惮，下表即为<span class="_ _1"></span>用到的主要元<span class="_ _1"></span>器件数目，及<span class="_ _1"></span>其用途。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb he y6c ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h18 y6d ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">表格<span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _4"> </span>1<span class="_ _a"> </span></span>元<span class="_ _0"></span>器件清单<span class="ff2"> </span></div><div class="c xb y6e w4 h19"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">种类<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c x13 y6e w5 h19"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">数目<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c x14 y6e w6 h19"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">大致用<span class="_ _0"></span>途<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y70 w4 h1a"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>373 </div></div><div class="c x13 y70 w5 h1a"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">6 </div></div><div class="c x14 y70 w6 h1a"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为运<span class="_ _0"></span>算器<span class="_ _0"></span>的输<span class="_ _0"></span>入输出<span class="_ _0"></span>寄存<span class="_ _0"></span>、控<span class="_ _0"></span>存和<span class="_ _0"></span>主存<span class="_ _0"></span>的地址<span class="_ _0"></span>寄存<span class="_ _0"></span>、<span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y4e w4 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>244 </div></div><div class="c x13 y4e w5 h1b"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div></div><div class="c x14 y4e w6 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为主<span class="_ _0"></span>存和<span class="_ _0"></span>控存<span class="_ _0"></span>输出对<span class="_ _0"></span>于总<span class="_ _0"></span>线的<span class="_ _0"></span>高阻<span class="_ _0"></span>隔离<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y71 w4 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>181 </div></div><div class="c x13 y71 w5 h1b"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div></div><div class="c x14 y71 w6 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为运<span class="_ _0"></span>算器<span class="_ _0"></span>的运<span class="_ _0"></span>算部分<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y72 w4 h1c"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>161 </div></div><div class="c x13 y72 w5 h1c"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4 </div></div><div class="c x14 y72 w6 h1c"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为主<span class="_ _0"></span>机<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff8 lsb">PC<span class="_ _1a"> </span></span><span class="lsc">和控存<span class="_ _1a"> </span><span class="ff8 lsb">uPC<span class="_ _4"> </span></span></span>的地址产生<span class="_ _12"></span>器，时序<span class="_ _12"></span>产生器<span class="_ _12"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y73 w4 h1d"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>157 </div></div><div class="c x13 y73 w5 h1d"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div></div><div class="c x14 y73 w6 h1d"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为控<span class="_ _0"></span>存部<span class="_ _0"></span>分的<span class="_ _0"></span>高四位<span class="_ _0"></span>地址<span class="_ _0"></span>寄存<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y74 w4 h1d"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">74LS<span class="_ _0"></span>273 </div></div><div class="c x13 y74 w5 h1d"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2 </div></div><div class="c x14 y74 w6 h1d"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为控<span class="_ _0"></span>存输<span class="_ _0"></span>出微<span class="_ _0"></span>指令的<span class="_ _0"></span>寄存<span class="_ _0"></span>器<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y75 w4 h19"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">lpm_<span class="_ _0"></span>ram_<span class="_ _0"></span>dq </div></div><div class="c x13 y75 w5 h19"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y6f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div></div><div class="c x14 y75 w6 h19"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为主<span class="_ _0"></span>存<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y76 w4 h1a"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">lpm_<span class="_ _0"></span>rom </div></div><div class="c x13 y76 w5 h1a"><div class="t m0 x15 h3 y16 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1 </div></div><div class="c x14 y76 w6 h1a"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为控<span class="_ _0"></span>存<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c xb y77 w4 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">逻辑门<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c x13 y77 w5 h1b"><div class="t m0 x16 h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">若干<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="c x14 y77 w6 h1b"><div class="t m0 xc h3 y6f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">作为时<span class="_ _0"></span>序产<span class="_ _0"></span>生、<span class="_ _0"></span>时序控<span class="_ _0"></span>制、<span class="_ _0"></span>控存<span class="_ _0"></span>控制<span class="_ _0"></span>部分<span class="_ _0"></span><span class="ff8"> </span></div></div><div class="t m0 xb he y56 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y57 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">元器件中，</span><span class="ls5">74<span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="ff1">系列的芯片都按<span class="_ _1"></span>照硬件实验<span class="_ _1"></span>平台提供的<span class="_ _1"></span>元器件使用<span class="_ _1"></span>，由于实验<span class="_ _1"></span>指<span class="_ _1"></span>导书上</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y78 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的部分元器件引脚<span class="_ _1"></span>与<span class="_ _18"> </span><span class="ff3">Quartus<span class="_ _1"></span>II<span class="_ _13"> </span></span>中<span class="_ _1"></span>使用元器件的<span class="_ _1"></span>引脚命名不符，<span class="_ _1"></span>导致无法完全<span class="_ _1"></span>按<span class="_ _1"></span>照实验指导</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y59 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">书上的元器件功能表<span class="_ _1"></span>进行实验，故<span class="_ _1"></span>上网搜查到我<span class="_ _1"></span>们使用的<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3 ls5">74<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>系列相关文档。<span class="_ _1"></span>相<span class="_ _1"></span>关元器件参</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">考链接见附录。</div><div class="t m0 x17 h16 y79 ff3 fs6 fc0 sc0 lsd ws0">ii</div><div class="t m0 x18 he y5a ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y7a ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611562,0.000000,0.000000,1.611562,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
<div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/3128696/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 xd h11 y17 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">华中科技大学<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe h12 y18 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4 </div><div class="t m0 xb h12 y19 ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5c ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">注意：<span class="_ _12"></span><span class="ff3">74LS395<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff1">是在将我<span class="_ _1"></span>们的设计下载到<span class="_ _1"></span>硬件上后再做<span class="_ _1"></span>调整的芯片<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _15"></span>原始的纯<span class="_ _1"></span>软<span class="_ _1"></span>件版本</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y5d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">没有使用到<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff3">74LS395<span class="_ _1"></span></span>。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb he y1b ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 x19 h7 y7b ff1 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">三<span class="_ _1"></span>、模块<span class="_ _1"></span>图<span class="ff4 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1a h18 y7c ff7 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图表<span class="ff2"> <span class="_ _4"> </span>1<span class="_ _a"> </span></span>总<span class="_ _0"></span>体模块图<span class="ff2"> </span></div><div class="c x1b y7d w7 h1e"><div class="t m2 x1c h1f y7e ff8 fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ALU<span class="ff1">运算器<span class="_ _1d"> </span>主存储器<span class="_ _1e"></span>程序控制器<span class="ff8">PC<span class="_ _1f"> </span></span>控制器</span></div><div class="t m2 xa h1f y7f ff1 fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">时序控制</div><div class="t m2 x1d h1f y80 ff1 fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">总线</div><div class="t m2 xa h1f y81 ff1 fs8 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">时序部分</div></div><div class="t m0 x1e he y82 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y83 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y84 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y85 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">本课程设计我们采用<span class="_ _1"></span>单总线模式<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _20"></span>除了控制器部<span class="_ _1"></span>分与总线的交<span class="_ _1"></span>互式单向外<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _21"></span><span class="ff3">AL<span class="_ _0"></span>U<span class="_ _a"> </span><span class="ff1">运<span class="_ _1"></span>算器、</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y86 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">程序控制器<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff3 ls9">PC</span>、主存储器都是<span class="_ _1"></span>和总线双向交<span class="_ _1"></span>互，这将给未<span class="_ _1"></span>来<span class="_ _1"></span>我们设计<span class="_ _1a"> </span><span class="ff3">CPU<span class="_ _4"> </span></span>扩展<span class="_ _1"></span>功能带来极</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y87 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">大地便利，<span class="_ _7"></span>其缺点也显而<span class="_ _1"></span>易见，<span class="_ _8"></span>那就是我们<span class="_ _1"></span>的设计会在内部实现过程<span class="_ _1"></span>中难<span class="_ _1"></span>度加大<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _8"></span>必须使用</div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y88 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">有限的<span class="_ _1"></span>控点<span class="_ _1"></span>将各<span class="_ _1"></span>个模块<span class="_ _1"></span>和总<span class="_ _1"></span>线进<span class="_ _1"></span>行高<span class="_ _1"></span>阻隔离<span class="_ _1"></span>，并<span class="_ _1"></span>且需<span class="_ _1"></span>要时<span class="_ _1"></span>序部<span class="_ _1"></span>分设计<span class="_ _1"></span>良好<span class="_ _1"></span>，使<span class="_ _1"></span>得整个<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">C<span class="_ _1"></span>PU</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y89 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">的运转都在我们的操<span class="_ _1"></span>控之下。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y73 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _11"> </span><span class="ff1">其中时序控制模块<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _16"></span>我们并<span class="_ _1"></span>没单独的去设<span class="_ _1"></span>计这个模块<span class="_ _1"></span>，<span class="_ _16"></span>而是简单<span class="_ _1"></span>的在总体框图<span class="_ _1"></span>中<span class="_ _1"></span>直接使</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 y8a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用逻辑门和控制器输<span class="_ _1"></span>出的微指令进<span class="_ _1"></span>行控制。<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb he y8b ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y8c ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y8d ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div><div class="t m0 xb he y8e ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611562,0.000000,0.000000,1.611562,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
