计算方式为模板单元格的值与被模板覆盖的图像子矩阵的值分别相乘并求和，_模板_计算

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="generator" content="pdf2htmlEX"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/base.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/base/css/fancy.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/62c30843502ed3121a8bd2bb/raw.css"> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/compatibility.min.js"></script> <script src="https://static.pudn.com/base/js/pdf2htmlEX.min.js"></script> <script> try{ pdf2htmlEX.defaultViewer = new pdf2htmlEX.Viewer({}); }catch(e){} </script> <title></title> </head> <body> <div id="sidebar" style="display: none"> <div id="outline"> </div> </div> <div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/62c30843502ed3121a8bd2bb/bg1.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">灰度图像边缘检测</div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y3 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一、实验目的</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1<span class="ff1">．掌握各种边缘检测算子的概念及原理。</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff1">．掌握各种边缘检测算子的算法。</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y6 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3<span class="ff1">．掌握各种边缘检测算子<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>matlab<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">实现的编制方法。</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">4<span class="_ _1"></span><span class="ff1">．<span class="_ _1"></span>启<span class="_ _1"></span>发<span class="_ _1"></span>学生<span class="_ _2"></span>依<span class="_ _1"></span>据<span class="_ _1"></span>边缘<span class="_ _1"></span>特<span class="_ _1"></span>征<span class="_ _1"></span>进<span class="_ _1"></span>行<span class="_ _1"></span>图<span class="_ _1"></span>像<span class="_ _1"></span>分<span class="_ _1"></span>析<span class="_ _1"></span>与<span class="_ _1"></span>识<span class="_ _1"></span>别，<span class="_ _1"></span>提<span class="_ _1"></span>高<span class="_ _1"></span>学<span class="_ _1"></span>生<span class="_ _1"></span>图<span class="_ _1"></span>像<span class="_ _1"></span>处<span class="_ _1"></span>理<span class="_ _1"></span>与<span class="_ _1"></span>分</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y8 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">析能力和实际动手能力。 </div><div class="t m0 x2 h4 y9 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">二、实验原理</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 ya ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">基于算子模板的卷积过程，比如有一张<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff3">8x8<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>的图片，像素矩阵如下：</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yb ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12<span class="_ _3"> </span>23<span class="_ _3"> </span>52<span class="_ _3"> </span>21<span class="_ _3"> </span>1<span class="_ _4"></span>1<span class="_ _5"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yc ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12<span class="_ _5"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yd ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 ye ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yf ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y10 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y11 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y12 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y13 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">又有一个<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff2">3x3<span class="_ _0"> </span></span>的算子模板矩阵如下：</div><div class="t m0 x7 h6 y14 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0<span class="_ _8"> </span>-1<span class="_ _8"> </span>0</div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 y15 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">-1<span class="_ _8"> </span>4<span class="_ _8"> </span>-1</div><div class="t m0 x7 h6 y16 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">0<span class="_ _8"> </span>-1<span class="_ _8"> </span>0</div><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y17 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">整个模板卷积过程就是用模板覆盖在像素矩阵上，重新计算像素值并移</div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y18 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> </body> </html>

<div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://static.pudn.com/prod/directory_preview_static/62c30843502ed3121a8bd2bb/bg2.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y19 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">动的过程。如下图即为模板盖住左上角的示例。</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1a ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12<span class="_ _3"> </span>23<span class="_ _3"> </span>52<span class="_ _3"> </span>21<span class="_ _3"> </span>1<span class="_ _4"></span>1<span class="_ _5"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1b ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12<span class="_ _7"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _9"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>0<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1c ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1d ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1e ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y1f ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y20 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y21 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">56<span class="_ _3"> </span>45<span class="_ _3"> </span>47<span class="_ _3"> </span>54<span class="_ _7"> </span>5<span class="_ _6"> </span>4<span class="_ _6"> </span>1<span class="_ _6"> </span>2</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y22 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">计算<span class="_ _1"></span>方式<span class="_ _1"></span>为模<span class="_ _1"></span>板单<span class="_ _1"></span>元<span class="_ _1"></span>格的<span class="_ _1"></span>值与<span class="_ _1"></span>被模<span class="_ _1"></span>板覆<span class="_ _1"></span>盖的<span class="_ _1"></span>图像<span class="_ _1"></span>子矩<span class="_ _1"></span>阵的<span class="_ _1"></span>值分<span class="_ _1"></span>别相<span class="_ _1"></span>乘并<span class="_ _1"></span>求</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y23 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">和，<span class="_ _1"></span>并把<span class="_ _1"></span>结果<span class="_ _1"></span>放在<span class="_ _1"></span>模<span class="_ _1"></span>板中<span class="_ _1"></span>央单<span class="_ _1"></span>元格<span class="_ _1"></span>所对<span class="_ _1"></span>应的<span class="_ _1"></span>图像<span class="_ _1"></span>矩阵<span class="_ _1"></span>单元<span class="_ _1"></span>格中<span class="_ _1"></span>。上<span class="_ _1"></span>图模<span class="_ _1"></span>板<span class="_ _1"></span>中央</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y24 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对应的单元格的值应为：</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y25 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">12*0+23*(-1)+52*0+12*(-1)+0*4+0*(-1)+56*0+45*(-1)+47*0=-80<span class="ff1">。</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h5 y26 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">各算子模板如下：</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y27 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. Roberts<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">算子</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y28 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2. <span class="ff1">拉普拉斯边缘算子</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y29 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3. Kirsch<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff1">边缘算子</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y18 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611850,0.000000,0.000000,1.611850,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>